scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of malnutrition among under-five children in Lusaka urban, Zambia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Emmanuel M. Musenge ◽  
Sophia Tembo ◽  
Mutinta Hankwebe ◽  
Ndonia Kahinga ◽  
Ovy Mushibwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Simple Random Sample ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
The Mean

Background: Malnutrition is a severe and persisting cause of morbidity and mortality among under-five children in Zambia. We assessed malnutrition and its determinants among under-five children in Lusaka urban, Zambia.  Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Chawama, Kabwata, Chilenje and Mtendere urban clinics in Lusaka. A simple random sample of 384 under-five children were selected between February and March 2015. A structured interview schedule was used to collect data on demographic characteristics, determinants of malnutrition and anthropometric measurements. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was carried out using IBM® SPSS® Statistics for Windows Version 20.0 to identify determinants of malnutrition while adjusting for confounders.  Results: Of the 384 under-five children, most (51.8%) of them were male and the mean (SD) age was 13.83±10.17 months. The zH/A; zW/H; and zW/A was 68.5% and 31.5%; 95.6% and 4.4%; and 86.2% and 13.8% for normal and stunted; normal and wasted; and normal and underweight respectively. Majority (77.1%) of the children had MUAC > 12.5 cm, 16.9% had 11.5 – 12.5 cm and 6.0% had < 11.5 cm. Mother’s good nutritional practices (OR 0.50, 95% CI: 0.27 – 0.95) and MUAC > 12.5 cm (OR 0.10, 95% CI: 0.01 – 0.94; OR 0.01, 0.00 – 0.10; and OR 0.4, 0.01 – 0.19) were statistically significantly associated with stunting, wasting and underweight respectively.  Conclusion: We established varied levels of stunting, wasting and underweight and mother’s nutritional practices and MUAC predicted these levels. More information, education and communication messages to the mothers and caretakers with regard to nutritional practices are needed so that under-nutrition can be improved, to ensure healthy living for mothers, care takers and under-five children.    

scholarly journals Knowledge of Factors Contributing to Child Malnutrition among Mothers of Under-five Children in Sokoto Metropolis, North-West Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
I.A. Raji ◽  
A.U. Abubakar ◽  
M.M. Bello ◽  
A.Z. Ezenwoko ◽  
Z.B. Suleiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Child Malnutrition ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children

Background: Malnutrition remains a killer of children, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Nigeria, malnutrition is among the top five killers of children under five years of age. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of factors contributing to child malnutrition among mothers of under-fives.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 347 mothers of under-five children who were selected using a multistage sampling technique from January to March 2018. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS® version 20.0. Descriptive statistics, crude and adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) in cross-tabulation and binary logistic regression analysis, respectively, were estimated.Results: More than half, 198 (57.0%) were aged 40 years and below. Most, 324 (93.4%) of the respondents were Hausas, with only 45 (13.0%) having tertiary education. Majority of the respondents, 326 (93.9%) knew that diarrhoea-causing diseases could lead to malnutrition. About two-thirds, 222 (64.0%) knew that deworming could protect a child from malnutrition. Less than half, 169 (48.7%) did not know that overeating starchy food can cause malnutrition. Overall, majority 216 [62.2% (95% CI = 56.9% - 67.4%)] of the respondents had good knowledge of factors associated with malnutrition. There were no statistically significant predictors of knowledge of factors contributing to malnutrition.Conclusion: Mothers of under-five children in Sokoto metropolis had a high level of knowledge of the factors contributing to child malnutrition. However, there is still a need to continue educating mothers of under-five children on the importance of maintaining proper nutrition for their children. Keywords: Awareness; Factors; Knowledge; Malnutrition; Mothers; Under-five

scholarly journals Prevalence and trend of malaria with anemia among under-five children in Jasikan District, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (08) ◽  
pp. 285-291
Author(s):  
William Dormechele ◽  
George Pokoanti Wak ◽  
Francis Bruno Zotor
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Strength Of Association

Background: Malaria remains a major killer of children under-five, claiming the life of one child every two minutes globally. Despite the several interventions to reduce malaria and anemia, these diseases remain global public concerns. Aim: This study assessed the prevalence and trend of malaria and anemia in children under-five years from 2012 to 2016. Subjects and methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among children under-five with malaria and anemia who received care at the hospital in Jasikan town, Ghana from 2012 to 2016. We computed descriptive statistics to describe the data. STATA version 14 was used to carry out the analyses. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the strength of association at a 5% significance level (P<0.05). Results: Out of 30,082 malaria cases, 835 were with anemia from 2012 to 2016. This study found an overall proportion of malaria with anemia as 28 per 1,000. The year 2014 recorded the highest proportion of 38 per 1,000 malaria cases of malaria with anemia. Overall, the prevalence rate of malaria and anemia cases were found to be 61.5% and 4.4% respectively. Children within 24-35 months’ age group contributed the highest (28.3%) and 0-11 months accounted for the lowest (12.9%) malaria with anemia cases. The majority of malaria with anemia cases 63.6% occurred in the rainy season, between June to July. Conclusion: The proportion of malaria with anemia was high among children under-five and most children having malaria with anemia live in rural areas and during the rainy season. Keywords: Prevalence, Trend, Malaria, Anemia, Under-five, Children, Jasikan, Ghana.

scholarly journals Prevalence and trend of malaria with anemia among under-five children in Jasikan District, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 285-291
Author(s):  
William Dormechele ◽  
George Pokoanti Wak ◽  
Francis Zotor
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Strength Of Association

Background: Malaria remains a major killer of children under-five, claiming the life of one child every two minutes globally. Despite the several interventions to reduce malaria and anemia, these diseases remain global public concerns. Aim: This study assessed the prevalence and trend of malaria and anemia in children under-five years from 2012 to 2016. Subjects and methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among children under-five with malaria and anemia who received care at the hospital in Jasikan town, Ghana from 2012 to 2016. We computed descriptive statistics to describe the data. STATA version 14 was used to carry out the analyses. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the strength of association at a 5% significance level (P<0.05). Results: Out of 30,082 malaria cases, 835 were with anemia from 2012 to 2016. This study found an overall proportion of malaria with anemia as 28 per 1,000. The year 2014 recorded the highest proportion of 38 per 1,000 malaria cases of malaria with anemia. Overall, the prevalence rate of malaria and anemia cases were found to be 61.5% and 4.4% respectively. Children within 24-35 months’ age group contributed the highest (28.3%) and 0-11 months accounted for the lowest (12.9%) malaria with anemia cases. The majority of malaria with anemia cases 63.6% occurred in the rainy season, between June to July. Conclusion: The proportion of malaria with anemia was high among children under-five and most children having malaria with anemia live in rural areas and during the rainy season. Keywords: Prevalence, Trend, Malaria, Anemia, Under-five, Children, Jasikan, Ghana.

scholarly journals A study to assess the effectiveness of self-instructional module on minor ailments of children among anganwadi workers

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 3037
Author(s):  
Vishal Jamra ◽  
Ramniwas Mahore ◽  
Dinesh Mohan Saxena ◽  
Anil Kumar Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Minor Ailments

Background: Anganwadi workers (AWW) are India’s primary tool against the menace of child malnourishment, infant mortality, and lack of child education, community health. The Anganwadi workers should have basic knowledge of treatment of minor ailment in under five children. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 48 AWWs of selected ICDS centers of District Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh by simple random sampling method. Results: Brief structured interview and structured questionnaire techniques were used to collect responses from the AWWs. All the AWWs (48) were trained and had been rendering adequate services but they were not much reflective of the same when being questioned on the knowledge parameter. The study revealed that out of 48 AWW, more than 80% were in the age group of 25-45 years. After IMCI based training given to AWWs, their knowledge and skills for treating minor ailments under five children was significantly improved from pre-test assessment (Total score 1087 with Mean (SD) score 2.83 (1.32) to post-test assessment1392 with Mean (SD) score 3.62 (1.38). Knowledge of AWWs regarding under five children in all 8 domains of illness was changed significantly 14.1% from 50.3% in baseline survey to 64.4% in end line survey. Conclusions: As the Anganwadi worker is the key person in the programme, her education level and knowledge of minor ailments for under five children plays an important role related to her performance in the Anganwadi centre. 

scholarly journals A study to assess the practices of mothers of under-five children in childhood diarrhoea in a tertiary care hospital of Northeast India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1614
Author(s):  
Nilratan Majumder ◽  
Dipak Kumar Dhar
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Care Giving

Background: Diarrhoea is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in under-five children. The incidence of diarrhoea has remained almost unchanged over the past few decades. A mother is the primary care-giver of a child. Therefore, one of the key factors that determine the survival of a sick-child is her attitude and practices in the event of diarrhoea. The present study was therefore undertaken to understand the different aspects of their care-giving behaviour.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Paediatrics, Agartala Government Medical College and G. B. Pant Hospital, Agartala, Tripura, India over a period of two months. 700 mothers of under-five children attending the OPD were interviewed with a pre-designed and structured interview schedule.Results: The usage of ORS was about one-fourth. And only one-fifth out of all the participating mothers could show how to prepare ORS solution correctly. Correct practices regarding various aspects of administering ORS solution like duration of usage, frequency of administering, duration of the therapy, etc were not observed in majority of the participating mothers. A preference for home-made fluids was also noted in most of the participants. Educational level and past experience of managing a child with diarrhoea significantly affected their practices.Conclusions: Even though ORS is widely and easily available, easy to use and cost-effective, considerable work needs to be done in the context of adequate practices in its administration to a child affected by diarrhoea and increase its acceptability.

scholarly journals Compliance with aspirin in paediatric CHD post-percutaneous transcatheter occlusion: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1462-1468
Author(s):  
Qing-Qing Song ◽  
Li-Hui Zhu ◽  
Ou-Ying Chen ◽  
Zhi-Rong Xiao ◽  
Zhi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transcatheter Occlusion ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Adherence Scale ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Mean

AbstractBackground:Predictors of compliance with aspirin in children following cardiac catheterisation have not been identified. The aim of this study is to identify the caregivers’ knowledge, compliance with aspirin medication, and predictors of compliance with aspirin in children with Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) post-percutaneous transcatheter occlusion.Methods:A cross-sectional explorative design was adopted using a self-administered questionnaire and conducted between May 2017 and May 2018. Recruited were 220 caregivers of children with CHD post-percutaneous transcatheter occlusion. Questionnaires included child and caregivers’ characteristics, a self-designed and tested knowledge about aspirin scale (scoring scale 0–2), and the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (scoring scale 0–8). Data were analysed using multivariate binary logistic regression analysis to identify predictors of compliance with aspirin.Results:Of the 220 eligible children and caregivers, 210 (95.5%) responded and 209 surveys were included in the analysis. The mean score of knowledge was 7.25 (standard deviation 2.27). The mean score of compliance was 5.65 (standard deviation 1.36). Child’s age, length of aspirin use, health insurance policies, relationship to child, monthly income, and knowledge about aspirin of caregivers were independent predictors of compliance with aspirin (p < 0.05).Conclusion:Caregivers of children with CHD had an adequate level of knowledge about aspirin. Compliance to aspirin medication reported by caregivers was low. Predictors of medium to high compliance with aspirin were related to the child’s age and socio-economic reasons. Further studies are needed to identify effective strategies to improve knowledge, compliance with medication, and long-term outcomes of children with CHD.

scholarly journals Impact of Community-Led Total Sanitation and Hygiene on Prevalence of Diarrheal Disease and Associated Factors among Under-Five Children: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study in Selected Woredas of Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Agune Ashole Alto ◽  
Wanzahun Godana ◽  
Genet Gedamu
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gamo Gofa

Background. Diarrheal diseases are still one of the major causes of morbidity in under-five children in sub-Saharan Africa. In Ethiopia, diarrhea is responsible for 9% of all deaths and is the major cause of under-five mortality. Objective. To assess the impact of community-led total sanitation and hygiene on the prevalence of diarrheal disease and factors associated among under-five children in Gamo Gofa Zone. Methods. Community-based comparative cross-sectional study design was used to compare the impact of community-led total sanitation and hygiene intervention on under-five diarrheal disease. Multistage sampling method was employed. The data were collected by using pretested structured questionnaires. Data quality was ensured by daily supervision completeness and consistency. The data were coded, entered, and cleaned by using Epi Info version 7 and were analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were carried out by using binary logistic regression. Significance was declared by using p value of <0.05 and AOR with 95% confidence intervals. Results. The response rate of this study was 93.3%. The overall diarrhea prevalence was 27.5% (CI = (24.06, 30.97)) which was 18.9% (CI = (14.94, 23.2)) in implemented and 36.2%. (CI = (30.41, 41.59)) in nonimplemented woredas. Children whose age was between 12 and 23 months (AOR = 1.6) and greater than 24 months (AOR = 5), availability of handwashing facilities (AOR = 4), disposal of waste in open field (AOR = 9.7), unimproved source of drinking water (AOR = 6.5), using only water for handwashing (AOR = 6), children who started complementary feeding less than 6 months (AOR = 5.6) and greater than 6 months (AOR = 5.2), and utensils used to feed children such as bottle (AOR = 3.9) were the factors positively associated with diarrhea. Conclusion. The overall prevalence of under-five diarrhea was 27.5%. The prevalence was low in CLTSH woredas as compared with non-CLTSH woredas. The study showed that handwashing facility, using only water for handwashing, open refuse disposal, and unimproved source of drinking water among under-five had a statistically significant association with diarrhea occurrence in CLTSH nonimplemented areas. Integrated efforts are needed from the Ministry of Health together with the WASH Project in improving drinking water, handwashing facilities, and solid waste disposal practices.

Pattern of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies Among Anemic Under-Five Children of Northern Bangladesh: A Hospital Based Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abdur Rafi ◽  
M. Morsed Zaman ◽  
Md. Golam Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hemoglobin E ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Thalassemia Minor ◽  
Different Types

Abstract Background Congenital hemoglobin defects are significant global health concern affecting more than 330,000 newborns every year. In Bangladesh more than half of the under-five children are anemic, but the contribution of hemoglobin disorders to childhood anemia is quite unexplored. Hence, the objective of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and pattern of hemoglobinopathies among anemic under-five (age 6–59 months) children visiting the hematology department of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH). Methods This was a retrospective cross-sectional study among anemic patients aged between 6 to 59 months conducted in the hematology department of RMCH from July 2018 to June 2020. The guideline of WHO was used to define the severity of anemia. Hemoglobinopathies was measured using standard methods. Chi-square test was used to find the association between two categorical factors. Results Female and younger children included in the study were more likely to suffer from moderate to severe form of anemia compared to their counterparts. Out of 534 patients 183 were suffering from different types of hemoglobinopathies (prevalence 34.3%). E-β-Thalassemia was the most common type of hemoglobinopathy (14%) followed by Hemoglobin E trait (11%) and β-Thalassemia minor (5.6%). Prevalence of these hemoglobin disorders was comparatively higher among female and older children (p < 0.05). Patients with E-β-Thalassemia and β-Thalassemia major of our study were mostly suffering from severe form of anemia while patients with hemoglobin E trait and β-Thalassemia minor were mostly suffering from mild anemia (p < 0.01). Conclusions A remarkable number of children were suffering from severe anemia and different types of hemoglobinopathies. Gender and age group were the risk factors of anemia and hemoglobinopathies among under-five children. Health authorities of Bangladesh should especially take care of anemic children in this country.

MO376CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY FOLLOWING SNAKE BITE INJURIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weerakit Naweera ◽  
Thapat Wannarong
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Renal Recovery ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Arrival ◽  
Russell’S Viper

Abstract Background and Aims Snakebite is a common animal bite injury in tropical countries. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important complication in snakebite patients. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the clinical profiles and outcomes of patients following hematotoxin-related snakebite associated with kidney impairment. Method We conducted a hospital-based, cross-sectional study of 238 patients with hematotoxin-related snakebite injuries. Data were retrieved from the King Narai Hospital Registry from October 2014 to August 2020. The prevalence of complications associated with snakebite injuries, including acute kidney injury (AKI) and its severity, was determined. Univariate and Multivariate predictors of AKI diagnosis were evaluated using binary logistic regression analysis Results A total of 238 patients, with 63.4% men, median (IQR) age 49.8 (39-61) years and median duration from injury to a hospital arrival of 1 hour (0.5-2) hours, were injured by Green pit viper (85.7%), Russell’s viper (12.6%) and Malayan pit viper (1.7%). AKI mostly occurred in Russell’s viper group 66.7%. An AKI was reported in thirty (12.6%, 95% CI: 8.7 % - 17.5%) patients, with the severity of 66.7% stage one, 6.7% stage two, 26.6% stage three by KDIGO classifications, and 13.3% requiring hemodialysis. Complete renal recovery was seen in twenty-two patients (73.3%), while partial renal recovery was 23.3%. Other complications included 84.4 % limb cellulitis, 4.6% significantly bleeding, 2.5% hypotension, 25.6% prolonged venous clotting time (VCT), 46.7% prolonged prothrombin time (PT), and 14.3% prolonged partial thromboplastin time (PTT). Of total patients, 60.1% were treated with anti-venom. Mortality was relatively low (0.4%). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, AKI was significantly associated with time to hospital arrival more than 3 hours (p = 0.04), Russell’s viper bitten (p = 0.01), clinical bleeding (p = 0.01), and prolonged PT (p &lt; 0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of AKI in patients bitten by hematotoxin snakes was 12.6%, mostly from Russell’s viper. Factors associated with AKI outcomes were time to hospital arrival more than 3 hours, Russell’s viper bitten, clinical bleeding, and prolonged PT. Besides, one-fourth of AKI patients turned to chronic kidney disease.

scholarly journals The Uptake and Vaccination Willingness of COVID-19 Vaccine among Chinese Residents: Web-Based Online Cross-Sectional Study

Vaccines ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Yi Kong ◽  
Hao Jiang ◽  
Zhisheng Liu ◽  
Yi Guo ◽  
Dehua Hu
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level

Objective: To investigate the uptake and vaccination willingness of the COVID-19 vaccine among Chinese residents and analyze the difference and factors that impact vaccination. Methods: The snowball sampling method was used to distribute online questionnaires. Relevant sociodemographic data along with the circumstances of COVID-19 vaccination were collected from the respondents. The χ2 test, independent samples t test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: Among 786 respondents, 84.22% had been vaccinated. Over 80% of the vaccinated population have completed all the injections because of supporting the national vaccination policies of China, while the unvaccinated population (23.91%) is mainly due to personal health status. Meanwhile, statistical analysis revealed that the main predictors of not being vaccinated were younger age (3 to 18 years old), personal health status, and lower vaccinated proportion of family members and close friends (p < 0.05). Conclusions: There was a high level of uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine in China, and people who have not been vaccinated generally had a low willingness to vaccinate in the future. Based on our results, it suggested the next work to expand the coverage of the COVID-19 vaccination should be concentrated on targeted publicity and education for people who have not been vaccinated.

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