Anxiety and depression in adults in their eighties: do gender differences remain?

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy A. Pachana ◽  
Deirdre McLaughlin ◽  
Janni Leung ◽  
Gerard Byrne ◽  
Annette Dobson
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
General Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Psychological Measures ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
Patient Health

ABSTRACTBackground: Women report higher rates of depression and anxiety than men; however, it is uncertain whether this gender difference continues into advanced old age.Methods: 78 men and 111 women aged 82–87 years from the Men, Women and Ageing Project completed measures of anxiety (Geriatric Anxiety Inventory), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire; PHQ9), general psychological well-being (Mental Health subscale of SF-36), general health (general health item of SF-36) and cognitive status (Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status; TICS).Results: Results revealed no significant gender differences on any of the psychological measures, after controlling for cognitive status, general health and education.Conclusion: These results support the proposition that the female predominance in psychological distress diminishes with increasing age. The congruence between men and women may reflect changes in identity associated with age or the effect of decreased emotional valence of some social roles.

scholarly journals The Role of Gender in the Association Among the Emotional Intelligence, Anxiety and Depression

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Rita Sergi ◽  
Laura Picconi ◽  
Marco Tommasi ◽  
Aristide Saggino ◽  
Sjoerd J. H. Ebisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Psychological Well Being

Recent epidemiological data show an increase of depression and anxiety that cause a loss of about 3–4% of the gross domestic product in Europe, as a consequence of a reduced productivity and a premature death of people. Gender differences in both psychopathologies were found from mid-to-late adolescence until 55 years, and data indicate an increase of depression in women. Considering these data, new interventions focused on promoting psychological well-being were designed. A predictive factor of psychological disorders is Emotional Intelligence (EI), the ability to understand and regulate our own emotions, as well as those of others. EI is associated with psychological well-being, as well as with the treatment of mental illness, but gender differences in the association among EI, anxiety and depression remains unclear. The present study aims at analyzing the nomological associations among EI, anxiety and depression. Furthermore, the possible moderating role of gender in the relation between EI, depression and anxiety is investigated in a sample of 1725 healthy participants. Our results show that the ability to recognize and to control emotions in the social context helps us to reduce the risk to be affected by depression and anxiety. Moreover, our study shows that the association of EI with anxiety and depression wasn’t gender moderated. In conclusion, the findings highlight that EI can help people to manage emotions linked to negative events and to successfully understand emotions in others. In addition, we found no moderation role of gender in the association between EI, anxiety and depression.

scholarly journals Secukinumab leads to shifts from stage-based towards response-based disease clusters- Comparative data from very early and established psoriatic arthritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Kampylafka ◽  
Koray Tascilar ◽  
Veronika Lerchen ◽  
Christina Linz ◽  
Maria Sokolova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
General Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Perception ◽  
General Health Perception ◽  
Early Disease ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract Background. Limited information exists about the very early forms of psoriatic arthritis. In particular, differences and responsiveness of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in very early as compared to established PsA have not been investigated to date.Methods. Cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal evaluation of PROs related to pain (VAS), physical function (HAQ-DI, SF-36 physical), mental function (SF-36 mental), impact of psoriatic skin (DLQI), joint (PsAID) and global disease (VAS) in two small prospective observational studies on secukinumab 300mg over 6 months in very early disease patients (IVEPSA study; N=20) and established PsA (PSARTROS study; N=20). Cluster analysis was performed at baseline and 24-weeks follow-up.Results. While responses in pain and physical activity-related PROs to secukinumab were more pronounced in established PsA than very early disease, effects on PROs related to general health perception, as well as those related to emotional and mental well-being, were modified in a similar way in very early disease and established PsA. Cluster analysis based on global disease activity and PROs showed that baseline clusters reflected very early disease and established PsA, while after secukinumab treatment these clusters were abolished and new clusters based on differential responses to physically and mentally-oriented PROs formed.Conclusions. Inhibition of IL-17A by secukinumab leads to comprehensive improvement of general health perception and mental well-being in very early and established PsA, while overall responses in pain and physical activity are more pronounced in established disease. Most importantly, treatment restructures the original patients clusters based on disease stage and leads to the formation of new clusters that reflect their response in physical and mental-orientated PROs.Trial Registration: NCT02483234, Registered 26 June 2015, retrospectively registered

scholarly journals Online Depression Communities: Does Gender Matter?

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Galit Nimrod
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Positive Change ◽  
General Sense ◽  
Psychological Measures

While women are at a greater risk for depression, men with depression are at a greater risk for mistimed and inadequate treatment. Online depression communities offer immediate support for both genders, and may reduce the risk for those depressed men who avoid the traditional mental healthcare system. This study aimed to explore gender differences among members of online depression communities. Based on an online survey of 793 members of 16 online depression communities, the study combined both behavioral and psychological measures. The results identified significant gender differences in members’ self-defined condition, participation patterns, interests and reported benefits. Additional differences were found in the associations between the main differentiating variables and the members’ level of depression. The findings indicated that women in online depression communities are more involved and report more benefits from participation than men. However, active participation may be even more beneficial for men than for women, as it may provide positive change not only in their general sense of well-being, but also in their clinical condition. Using strategies for promoting active participation among men may enhance the benefits they gain from the online communities.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Depression and Anxiety among University Students in Nine Countries during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2882
Author(s):  
Dominika Ochnik ◽  
Aleksandra M. Rogowska ◽  
Cezary Kuśnierz ◽  
Monika Jakubiak ◽  
Astrid Schütz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
University Students ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Patient Health

The mental health of young adults, particularly students, is at high risk during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in mental health between university students in nine countries during the pandemic. The study encompassed 2349 university students (69% female) from Colombia, the Czech Republic (Czechia), Germany, Israel, Poland, Russia, Slovenia, Turkey, and Ukraine. Participants underwent the following tests: Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Exposure to COVID-19 (EC-19), Perceived Impact of Coronavirus (PIC) on students’ well-being, Physical Activity (PA), and General Self-Reported Health (GSRH). The one-way ANOVA showed significant differences between countries. The highest depression and anxiety risk occurred in Turkey, the lowest depression in the Czech Republic and the lowest anxiety in Germany. The χ2 independence test showed that EC-19, PIC, and GSRH were associated with anxiety and depression in most of the countries, whereas PA was associated in less than half of the countries. Logistic regression showed distinct risk factors for each country. Gender and EC-19 were the most frequent predictors of depression and anxiety across the countries. The role of gender and PA for depression and anxiety is not universal and depends on cross-cultural differences. Students’ mental health should be addressed from a cross-cultural perspective.

scholarly journals Quality of Life before and after Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery as Measured by the Short-Form-36

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (03) ◽  
pp. 314-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Kuan ◽  
Frederick Yoo ◽  
Jennifer Chyu ◽  
Angela Oh ◽  
Marvin Bergsneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Health ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Pituitary Surgery ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Role Functioning ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Physical Role ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Emotional Role

Objectives/Hypotheses To assess quality of life (QOL) after transnasal, endoscopic pituitary surgery using the 36-item short form (SF-36) instrument. Design Retrospective review was used for this study. Setting The study was conducted in a tertiary academic medical center. Participants Patients who underwent endoscopic, transnasal, transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas between January 1, 2007 and July 1, 2016 and completed preoperative and postoperative SF-36 surveys. Main Outcome Measures SF-36 survey data as measured by its eight domains (physical functioning, physical role functioning, emotional role functioning, energy/fatigue, emotional well-being, social functioning, pain, and general health). Results There were 18 preoperative, 13 short-term (2 weeks or less after surgery) postoperative, and 14 longer term (>2 weeks after surgery) postoperative surveys. There was no significant difference between preoperative and long-term postoperative SF-36 scores across domains (p > 0.05). In comparing short-term postoperative and preoperative scores, tumor size was positively associated with emotional well-being (p = 0.049) and general health scores (p = 0.031), while visual changes preoperatively were positively associated with general health scores (p = 0.046). Compared with standard U.S. general population summary data, these patients scored lower preoperatively in all domains except for emotional role functioning and pain (p < 0.05). Postoperatively, patients improved to baseline general population data scores with the exception of the physical role functioning domain (p < 0.0001). Conclusion Patients undergoing endoscopic, transnasal, transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas had lower QOL in six of eight domains preoperatively, but improved to baseline values on the long run after surgery in seven of eight domains. This suggests that minimally invasive pituitary surgery has a restorative role in general QOL as measured by the SF-36.

Using the Patient Health Questionnaire to estimate prevalence and gender differences of somatic symptoms and psychological co-morbidity in a secondary inpatient population with abdominal pain

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742110446
Author(s):  
Melissa Stieler ◽  
Peter Pockney ◽  
Cassidy Campbell ◽  
Vaisnavi Thirugnanasundralingam ◽  
Lachlan Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Somatic Symptom ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Cut Points ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
Patient Health

Background: Somatic disorders and somatic symptoms are common in primary care populations; however, little is known about the prevalence in surgical populations. Identification of inpatients with high somatic symptom burden and psychological co-morbidity could improve access to effective psychological therapies. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis ( n = 465) from a prospective longitudinal cohort study of consecutive adult admissions with non-traumatic abdominal pain, at a tertiary hospital in New South Wales, Australia. We estimated somatic symptom prevalence with the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 at three cut-points: moderate (⩾10), severe (⩾15) and ‘bothered a lot’ on ⩾3 symptoms; and psychological co-morbidity with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 at standard (⩾10) cut-points. We also examined gender differences for somatic symptoms and psychological co-morbidity. Results: Prevalence was moderate (52%), female predominance (odds ratio = 1.71; 95% confidence interval = [1.18, 2.48]), severe (20%), no gender difference (1.32; [0.83, 2.10]) and ‘bothered a lot’ on ⩾3 symptoms (53%), female predominance (2.07; [1.42, 3.03]). Co-morbidity of depressive, anxiety and somatic symptoms ranged from 8.2% to 15.9% with no gender differences. Conclusion: Somatic symptoms were common and psychological triple co-morbidity occurred in one-sixth of a clinical population admitted for abdominal pain. Co-ordinated surgical and psychological clinical intervention and changes in clinical service organisation may be warranted to provide optimal care.

scholarly journals Secukinumab leads to shifts from stage-based towards response-based disease clusters—comparative data from very early and established psoriatic arthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Kampylafka ◽  
Koray Tascilar ◽  
Veronika Lerchen ◽  
Christina Linz ◽  
Maria Sokolova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
General Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Perception ◽  
General Health Perception ◽  
Early Disease ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract Background Limited information exists about the very early forms of psoriatic arthritis. In particular, differences and responsiveness of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in very early as compared to established PsA have not been investigated to date. Methods Cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal evaluation of PROs related to pain (VAS), physical function (HAQ-DI, SF-36 physical), mental function (SF-36 mental), impact of psoriatic skin (DLQI), joint (PsAID), and global disease (VAS) in two small prospective observational studies on secukinumab 300 mg over 6 months in very early disease patients (IVEPSA study, N = 20) and established PsA (PSARTROS study, N = 20). Cluster analysis was performed at baseline and 24-weeks of follow-up. Results While responses in pain and physical activity-related PROs to secukinumab were more pronounced in established PsA than a very early disease, effects on PROs related to general health perception, as well as those related to emotional and mental well-being, were modified in a similar way in very early disease and established PsA. Cluster analysis based on global disease activity and PROs showed that baseline clusters reflected very early disease and established PsA, while after secukinumab treatment these clusters were abolished and new clusters based on differential responses to physically and mentally oriented PROs formed. Conclusions Inhibition of IL-17A by secukinumab leads to comprehensive improvement of general health perception and mental well-being in very early and established PsA, while overall responses in pain and physical activity are more pronounced in established disease. Most importantly, treatment restructures the original patients’ clusters based on disease stage and leads to the formation of new clusters that reflect their response in physical and mental-orientated PROs. Trial registration NCT02483234, registered 26 June 2015, retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Quality of Life After Thyroidectomy for Hashimoto Disease in Patients With Persistent Symptoms

2020 ◽  
pp. 014556132096733
Author(s):  
Priyanka Thatipamala ◽  
Julia E. Noel ◽  
Lisa Orloff
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
General Health ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Hashimoto Thyroiditis ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Sf 36

Objectives: To determine whether thyroidectomy improves quality of life in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis with persistent symptoms despite biochemical euthyroidism. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of patients undergoing thyroidectomy for Hashimoto thyroiditis at our institution between 2014 and 2018. The following variables were collected: age, race, body mass index, preoperative symptoms, preoperative thyroid peroxidase antibody titer, thyroglobulin antibody titer, thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, specimen weight, and histologic presence of thyroiditis. Outcomes included general health score on the Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health and responses to a questionnaire addressing postoperative disease management. Results: A total of 19 patients were included in the study, 18 of whom were female with a mean age of 48 years. The majority of patients were Caucasian. There were no significant differences between the postoperative general health scores of the patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis and scores from a healthy control population (66.9 vs 74.1; 95% CI: −16.9 to +2.5, P = .16). There were also no differences between groups within the 7 SF-36 subscores. Elevation in preoperative thyroperoxidase antibody correlated with lower reported postoperative energy levels ( r = −0.63, P = .016) and emotional well-being ( r = −.55, P = .041); 87.5% of respondents reported being moderately or extremely happy with their decision to proceed with surgery. Conclusions: Quality of life in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis who undergo thyroidectomy is equivalent to the general population, and the majority are satisfied with surgery. Thyroidectomy is a consideration for patients with persistent symptoms despite optimization on medical therapy.

scholarly journals FRI0492 СLINICAL AND LABORATORY DATA AND ALGORITHM OF MANAGEMENT OF ADULT PATIENTS WITH OLIGO-ARTICULAR VARIANTS OF JIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 844.1-845
Author(s):  
M. Dzhus ◽  
M. Kyluk ◽  
O. Ivashkivsky ◽  
T. Karasevska
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
General Health ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Sf 36

Background:The oligo-articular JIA is a disease that begins in childhood and can lead to joint damage and disability in adulthood with significant social losses.Objectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory status and to develop an algorithm of managment adult patients with oligo articular variant of JIA, depending on the detection of RF or/and A-CCP, ANA, HLA-B27.Methods:The study included 168 adult patients from different regions of Ukraine who were diagnosed with JIA in childhood between 1984 and 2014 without severe comorbidities. Inclusion criteria were: age 16 to 60 years; duration of the disease > 3 years. Among patients with JIA were identified 64 patients with oligo-articular variant: 44 (26,2%) - with persistant oligo-arthritis, and 20 (11,9%) with extended oligo-arthritis. The disease activity was evaluated by DAS28 and JADAS-10. The questionaries SF-36, HAQ, TAS-20, PHQ-9 were analyzed and remote articular JADI-A and extra-articular JADI-E damages were evaluated. Statistical studies were performed using IBM SPPS Statistics version 25.0.0.0 software, the results were considered to be reliable at 5% critical level (P <0.05). The distribution of quantitative variables was tested by the Shapiro-Wilk test. Quantitative variables with a normal distribution were expressed as mean ± SD, quantitative variables that showed a non-normal distribution were expressed with a median (P25-P75), also performed correlative analysis of the variablesResults:It was found that patients with active JIA in 26.5% have depression according to the PHQ-9, while patients in remission have no signs of depression. Most adult patients with JIA (86.4%) have elevated and high levels of alexithymia. The predictors of JIA remission in adulthood are male sex (OR = 0.453; 95% CI 0.253-3.556); arthritis of more than 3 joints (OR = 0.459; 95% CI 0.347-0.770); wrist arthritis in childhood (OR = 0.082; 95% CI 0.009-0.739) and JADAS-10 in the disease onset (OR = 0.758; 95% CI 0.589-0.896) <6 points, treatment with IB in the history (OR = 0,767; 95% CI 0.054-0.811) and the duration of DMARDS treatment (OR = 0.741; 95% CI 0.636-0.863) > 1.5 years. The negative correlation of JADI-A and the patient’s physical well-being PCS (r = -0.27, p <0.05) and physical functioning (r = -0.24, p < 0.05), pain intensity (r = -0.24, p <0.05), general health (r = -0.24, p <0.05), vital activity (r = -0,19, p <0,05), social functioning (r = -0,27, p <0,05), mental health (r = -0,22, p <0,05) according to SF-36. The severity of extra-articular damages JADI-E correlated with PCS (r = -0.22, p <0.05) and physical functioning (r = -0.28, p<0.05), pain intensity (r = -0.20, p <0.05), general health (r = -0.23, p <0.05), and mental health (r = -0.23, p <0.05), but also had a positive correlation with HAM-A (r = 0.25, p <0.05), depression scale (r = 0.28, p <0.05) and PHQ-9 (r = 0.28, p <0.05). Significantly lower level of physical health was established in patients who requires prosthetics (p <0.001) compared to those who did not need prosthetics.Conclusion:Based on the obtained results, algorithms of management of adult patients with JIA oligoarthritis were developed, depending on the detected articular and extra-articular damages and the need for prosthetics and the psychological status.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Evaluation of General Health Status in Diabetic Patients Using Short Form Health Survey (SF-36)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Shlash Al-ibrahimya ◽  
Ihsan Salah Rabea
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Health Status ◽  
General Health ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Treatment Type ◽  
Sf 36

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the general health of diabetic type 2 patients by using SF-36 and to find if there was an association between the scores of eight domains of this tool with disease-specific and demographic variables. Method: Cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the general health of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. The participants of the present study were randomly selected from rural and urban areas. The diabetic patients who were attended at community pharmacies in these areas were invited to participate in this study after explaining the goal of the study. The self-reported questionnaire in the Arabic version of the medical outcome survey which was the Short-Form (36-item) was administered to be reported by the patients with the exception of uneducated patients who were interviewed by trained pharmacists in the community pharmacies. Results and Discussion: Two hundred confirmed DM patients were enrolled in this study with a mean age of (50.65 ±8.914 years). 142 (71%) were male and the remaining 58 (29%) were female. The scores of all dimensions of SF-36 were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in diabetic women than scores of men. The diabetic patients with age of greater than 50 years also have significant lower scores of most dimensions of SF-36 (p < 0.05) except for emotional well-being (p > 0.05). The multivariate linear regression analysis shows that the gender, age and treatment type (except emotional wellbeing, social functioning, and pain) were associated independently with health status as measured by SF-36. Conclusion: This study showed a significant negative correlation between diabetes mellitus and the health status as measured by SF-36. The gender, age and treatment type (except emotional well-being, social functioning, and pain) were associated independently with health status as measured by SF-36.

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