Beliefs about antidepressants among persons aged 70 years and older in treatment after a suicide attempt

ABSTRACTBackground:The use of antidepressants is associated with decreased suicide risk in late life, and these drugs are often prescribed after a suicide attempt. Yet little is known about attitudes to antidepressants in older persons with suicidal behavior. The aim of this study was to assess beliefs about antidepressant medicines in older persons in treatment one year after a suicide attempt.Methods:Forty-four individuals aged 70 years and older, who were treated in emergency wards at five hospitals in western Sweden in connection with a suicide attempt, were interviewed at index attempt and one year later. Beliefs about medicines questionnaire (BMQ) specific for antidepressants were analyzed one year after index attempt, in relation to sociodemographic variables, medication use, psychiatric evaluation, and personality traits.Results:The majority of participants perceived the necessity of their antidepressant medicine to outweigh their concerns. Lower perceived necessity of antidepressants was observed in those who were not on antidepressants at the time of the attempt as well as those with no prior history of suicide attempt before the index attempt. Individuals reporting hopelessness at follow-up had a higher perceived concern about using medication.Conclusions:Beliefs about antidepressants tended to be more positive than negative in older persons taking these drugs in the aftermath of a suicide attempt. Further studies are called for, and should include objective measures of medication adherence.

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Migraine, Major Depression and Panic Disorder: A Prospective Epidemiologic Study of Young Adults

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1046/j.1468-2982.1992.1202085.x ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 85-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

Naomi Breslau ◽

Glenn C Davis

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Major Depression ◽

Panic Disorder ◽

Epidemiologic Study ◽

Prior History ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

History Of ◽

One Year

We examined prospectively the risk for major depression (MDD) and panic disorder in persons with prior history of migraine. A random sample of 995 young adults was interviewed in 1989 and reinterviewed in 1990. A history of migraine at baseline increased fourfold the risk for MDD during the follow-up interval. A history of any anxiety disorder exacerbated the risk for MDD in persons with migraine. Persons with a history of migraine were twelve times more likely to become cases of panic disorder than those with no history of migraine. The risk for MDD and/or panic disorder was unrelated to whether or not migraine was active during the year preceding the baseline interview or in remission for more than one year. The findings suggest that migraine, major depression and anxiety disorders might share common predispositions.

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Metabolic syndrome in women with previous gestational diabetes

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-90832-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Karsten Kaiser ◽

Michael Festersen Nielsen ◽

Ervin Kallfa ◽

Greta Dubietyte ◽

Finn Friis Lauszus

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Prior History ◽

Prescription Database ◽

History Of ◽

One Year ◽

Definition Of

AbstractTo evaluate the incidence and timing of the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in a cohort of Danish women after a pregnancy with gestational diabetes (GDM) to estimate the optimum time for preventative actions in relation to metabolic syndrome (MetS). In this follow-up study, 435 women were included from a consecutive cohort with prior history of GDM. Data on dyslipidemia, hypertension and other cardiovascular disorders (CVD) were extracted from the electronic patient journal. Any antidiabetic, cardiovascular and cholesterol-lowering medicine was ascertained in the national prescription database. Similarly, any blood test taken was evaluated. We defined a patient having MetS if the criteria of the WHO based definition of diabetes or impaired glucose regulation were met. Further, we added as alternative for glucose intolerance, a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) > 44 mmol/mol or the former level ≥ 6.5%. Further, dyslipidemia, lipid lowering medications, BMI > 30 kg/m2 or antihypertensive treatment were used. For MetS outcome, diagnosis or medication for CVD was registered. All women were followed for median 5.7 years (range 0; 9). The incidence of MetS was 28%. Thirteen percent of these qualified already within one year after pregnancy for the diagnosis of MetS. Postpartum MetS was detected after a median of 3 years (range 0; 7 years); further, 36 (8%) had been diagnosed with manifest diabetes after pregnancy. The diagnosis of postpartum MetS was strongly associated with the prevalence of manifest diabetes. Six years after pregnancy the rate of metabolic syndrome was more than tripled (25 vs. 89%, no DM vs manifest DM, RR: 6.7; 95% CI 2.7–17, p < 0.001). At 40 years the MetS rate nearly tripled if manifest DM was diagnosed (26 vs. 78%, no DM vs. manifest DM, RR: 3.3, 95% CI 1.8–6, p < 0.001). We found that GDM and later on manifest DM in women increase the risk of metabolic syndrome. There seems to be a window of opportunity before the early thirties where it would be especially beneficial to begin preventive efforts in women with GDM.

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Treatment Failure Among Infected Periprosthetic Total Hip Arthroplasty Patients

The Open Orthopaedics Journal ◽

10.2174/1874325020140515002 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 118-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Ran Schwarzkopf ◽

Bassem Mikhael ◽

Elizabeth Wright ◽

Daniel M Estok ◽

Jeffrey N Katz

Keyword(s):

Joint Infection ◽

Deep Infection ◽

Prior History ◽

Two Stage ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Prosthetic Joint ◽

History Of ◽

Eradication Of Infection ◽

One Year

Two-stage revision has been shown to be the most successful treatment in eradicating deep infection following total hiparthroplasty. We identified 62 patients treated by a two-stage revision. We defined “successful revision” as negative intraoperative cultures and no further infection-related procedure. We defined “eradication of infection” on the basis of negative cultures and clinical diagnosis at least one year after 2ndstage procedure. After a mean follow up of 2.7 years, eradication of the infection was documented in 91.1%, and a successful two-stage revision in 85.7% of patients. We observed no association between higher pre-reimplantation levels of ESR and C-reactive protein and lower likelihood of successful two-stage revision. We found an association between a history of another previous infected prosthetic joint and a failed 2ndstage procedure. Failure to achieve eradication of infection and successful two-stage revision occurs infrequently. Patients with prior history of a previous prosthetic joint infection are at higher risk of failure.

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SAT-217 Paraganglioma in Two Unrelated Kinyarwanda-Speaking Patients in Anatomically Distinct Sites

Journal of the Endocrine Society ◽

10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.1537 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Sadia Ejaz ◽

Neeharika Nandam ◽

Maya Styner

Keyword(s):

Negative Symptoms ◽

Bladder Wall ◽

Complete Removal ◽

Prior History ◽

Sdhb Mutation ◽

Left Lower Extremity ◽

Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽

History Of ◽

One Year

Abstract Introduction: Capable of generating excess catecholamines, untreated extra-adrenal paragangliomas (PGL) result in severe cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Increasingly, a hereditary basis can be identified to underlie PGLs, though such data is largely absent in non-Caucasian populations. Case 1: A 43 yr. old Kinyarwanda-speaking woman from DR Congo presented with left lower extremity edema and hypertension, with blood pressure of 154/86 while on spironolactone, HCTZ and furosemide. Ultrasound was negative for a DVT; abdominal CT revealed a 3 cm necrotic mass, inferior to the duodenum and abutting the IVC and aorta, as well as 2 bladder wall lesions. EUS-guided FNA revealed a keratin-negative neuroendocrine tumor. Urinary 24hr norepinephrine (NE) was high at 185 mcg [15–80]. Urinary 24hr normetanephrine (NM) was high at 1404 mcg [119-451; hypertensive <900]. MIBG scan confirmed avidity in the aortocaval mass. Despite lack of bladder uptake on MIBG, pathology similarly pointed to PGL. Surgery included excision of bladder, pelvic nodes, uterus, and aortocaval tumor. Post-op, urinary 24hr NE was 18 mcg and NM was 297 mcg, both normal. One year later, MIBG/SPECT and CT of the abdomen were negative for recurrence. A GeneDx panel of 12 PGL/PCC mutations was negative. Case 2: An unrelated 41 yr. old Kinyarwanda-speaking woman from Rwanda, with prior history of preeclampsia and multiple miscarriages, presented with palpitations, headaches and hypertension. Echo showed a 4 cm mass posterior to the left atrium; the mass was18F-FDG PET-avid. Video-assisted thoracoscopy was performed yet the tumor’s vascularity precluded a biopsy. Biopsy of mediastinal mass after performing thoracotomy was consistent with PGL. Plasma NM was high at 7.1 nmol/l (<0.90), consistent with PGL and she underwent complete removal of the tumor. Testing for SDHB mutation was negative. Symptoms resolved and antihypertensives were discontinued. Follow-up plasma NM was 0.55 nmol/l 1-year post op and remained normal for six years of follow-up. Discussion: Less than 10% of PGLs are known to involve the mediastinum or bladder (1). In familial PGL, the most commonly identified non-syndromic mutations involve SDHD, SDHAF2, SDHB, SDHD, SDHC, VHL, and MAX. Tumorigenesis in a sizable fraction of PGLs is not well understood. Conclusion: We present two cases of extra-adrenal PGL, both exhibiting similar age, sex and geographic ancestry. Our cases raise questions that require active investigation regarding additional environmental and/ or genetic factors which might predispose to PGLs in uncommon anatomic sites. References: (1) Erickson D et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2001 (2) Martins et al. Int J of Endocrinol, 2014

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Treatment of varicose tributaries with sclerotherapy with polidocanol 0.5 % foam

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526/a000023 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 169-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Reich-Schupke ◽

Weyer ◽

Altmeyer ◽

Stücker

Keyword(s):

Scientific Evidence ◽

Daily Practice ◽

Severe Adverse Effect ◽

Safe Procedure ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Foam Sclerotherapy ◽

History Of ◽

One Year ◽

Additional Therapy

Background: Although foam sclerotherapy of varicose tributaries is common in daily practice, scientific evidence for the optimal sclerosant-concentration and session-frequency is still low. This study aimed to increase the knowledge on foam sclerotherapy of varicose tributaries and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of foam sclerotherapy with 0.5 % polidocanol in tributaries with 3-6 mm in diameter. Patients and methods: Analysis of 110 legs in 76 patients. Injections were given every second or third day. A maximum of 1 injection / leg and a volume of 2ml / injection were administered per session. Controls were performed approximately 6 months and 12 months after the start of therapy. Results: 110 legs (CEAP C2-C4) were followed up for a period of 14.2 ± 4.2 months. Reflux was eliminated after 3.4 ± 2.7 injections per leg. Insufficient tributaries were detected in 23.2 % after 6.2 ± 0.9 months and in 48.2 % after 14.2 ± 4.2 months, respectively. Only 30.9 % (34 / 110) of the legs required additional therapy. In 6.4 % vein surgery was performed, in 24.5 % similar sclerotherapy was repeated. Significantly fewer sclerotherapy-sessions were required compared to the initial treatment (mean: 2.3 ± 1.4, p = 0.0054). During the whole study period thrombophlebitis (8.2 %), hyperpigmentation (14.5 %), induration in the treated region (9.1 %), pain in the treated leg (7.3 %) and migraine (0.9 %) occurred. One patient with a history of thrombosis developed thrombosis of a muscle vein (0.9 %). After one year there were just hyperpigmentation (8.2 %) and induration (1.8 %) left. No severe adverse effect occurred. Conclusions: Foam sclerotherapy with injections of 0.5 % polidocanol every 2nd or 3rd day, is a safe procedure for varicose tributaries. The evaluation of efficacy is difficult, as it can hardly be said whether the detected tributaries in the controls are recurrent veins or have recently developed in the follow-up period. The low number of retreated legs indicates a high efficacy and satisfaction of the patients.

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High Risk of One-year Stroke Recurrence in Patients with Younger Age and Prior History of Ischemic Stroke

Current Neurovascular Research ◽

10.2174/1567202616666190618164528 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 250-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jiann-Der Lee ◽

Ya-Han Hu ◽

Meng Lee ◽

Yen-Chu Huang ◽

Ya-Wen Kuo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Stroke Recurrence ◽

Prior History ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Cart Analysis ◽

Younger Age ◽

History Of ◽

One Year

Background and Purpose: Recurrent ischemic strokes increase the risk of disability and mortality. The role of conventional risk factors in recurrent strokes may change due to increased awareness of prevention strategies. The aim of this study was to explore the potential risk factors besides conventional ones which may help to affect the advances in future preventive concepts associated with one-year stroke recurrence (OSR). Methods: We analyzed 6,632 adult patients with ischemic stroke. Differences in clinical characteristics between patients with and without OSR were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression and classification and regression tree (CART) analyses. Results: Among the study population, 525 patients (7.9%) had OSR. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male sex (OR 1.243, 95% CI 1.025 – 1.506), age (OR 1.015, 95% CI 1.007 - 1.023), and a prior history of ischemic stroke (OR 1.331, 95% CI 1.096 – 1.615) were major factors associated with OSR. CART analysis further identified age and a prior history of ischemic stroke were important factors for OSR when classified the patients into three subgroups (with risks of OSR of 8.8%, 3.8%, and 12.5% for patients aged > 57.5 years, ≤ 57.5 years/with no prior history of ischemic stroke, and ≤ 57.5 years/with a prior history of ischemic stroke, respectively). Conclusions: Male sex, age, and a prior history of ischemic stroke could increase the risk of OSR by multivariate logistic regression analysis, and CART analysis further demonstrated that patients with a younger age (≤ 57.5 years) and a prior history of ischemic stroke had the highest risk of OSR.

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Incidence and multidimensional predictors of occasional and recurrent falls among Malaysian community‐dwelling older persons

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02103-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Theng Choon Ooi ◽

Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh ◽

Suzana Shahar ◽

Nor Fadilah Rajab ◽

Divya Vanoh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Incidence Rate ◽

Older Persons ◽

Test Score ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Chair Stand ◽

Stand Test ◽

Chair Stand Test ◽

Recurrent Falls ◽

History Of

Abstract Background Falls incidence rate and comprehensive data on factors that predict occasional and repeated falls from large population-based studies are scarce. In this study, we aimed to determine the incidence of falls and identify predictors of occasional and recurrent falls. This was done in the social, medical, physical, nutritional, biochemical, cognitive dimensions among community-dwelling older Malaysians. Methods Data from 1,763 Malaysian community-dwelling older persons aged ≥ 60 years were obtained from the LRGS-TUA longitudinal study. Participants were categorized into three groups according to the presence of a single fall (occasional fallers), ≥two falls (recurrent fallers), or absence of falls (non-fallers) at an 18-month follow-up. Results Three hundred and nine (17.53 %) participants reported fall occurrences at an 18-month follow-up, of whom 85 (27.51 %) had two or more falls. The incidence rate for occasional and recurrent falls was 8.47 and 3.21 per 100 person-years, respectively. Following multifactorial adjustments, being female (OR: 1.57; 95 % CI: 1.04–2.36), being single (OR: 5.31; 95 % CI: 3.36–37.48), having history of fall (OR: 1.86; 95 % CI: 1.19–2.92) higher depression scale score (OR: 1.10; 95 % CI: 1.02–1.20), lower hemoglobin levels (OR: 0.90; 95 % CI: 0.81-1.00) and lower chair stand test score (OR: 0.93; 95 % CI: 0.87-1.00) remained independent predictors of occasional falls. While, having history of falls (OR: 2.74; 95 % CI: 1.45–5.19), being a stroke survivor (OR: 8.57; 95 % CI: 2.12–34.65), higher percentage of body fat (OR: 1.04; 95 % CI: 1.01–1.08) and lower chair stand test score (OR: 0.87; 95 % CI: 0.77–0.97) appeared as recurrent falls predictors. Conclusions Having history of falls and lower muscle strength were predictors for both occasional and recurrent falls among Malaysian community-dwelling older persons. Modifying these predictors may be beneficial in falls prevention and management strategies among older persons.

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Impact of atrial fibrillation pattern on outcomes after left atrial appendage closure: lessons from the prospective LAARGE registry

Clinical Research in Cardiology ◽

10.1007/s00392-021-01874-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shinwan Kany ◽

Johannes Brachmann ◽

Thorsten Lewalter ◽

Ibrahim Akin ◽

Horst Sievert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Left Atrial Appendage ◽

Systemic Embolism ◽

Long Term Outcomes ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of ◽

One Year ◽

The One

Abstract Background Non-paroxysmal (NPAF) forms of atrial fibrillation (AF) have been reported to be associated with an increased risk for systemic embolism or death. Methods Comparison of procedural details and long-term outcomes in patients (pts) with paroxysmal AF (PAF) against controls with NPAF in the prospective, multicentre observational registry of patients undergoing LAAC (LAARGE). Results A total of 638 pts (PAF 274 pts, NPAF 364 pts) were enrolled. In both groups, a history of PVI was rare (4.0% vs 1.6%, p = 0.066). The total CHA2DS2-VASc score was lower in the PAF group (4.4 ± 1.5 vs 4.6 ± 1.5, p = 0.033), while HAS-BLED score (3.8 ± 1.1 vs 3.9 ± 1.1, p = 0.40) was comparable. The rate of successful implantation was equally high (97.4% vs 97.8%, p = 0.77). In the three-month echo follow-up, LA thrombi (2.1% vs 7.3%, p = 0.12) and peridevice leak > 5 mm (0.0% vs 7.1%, p = 0.53) were numerically higher in the NPAF group. Overall, in-hospital complications occurred in 15.0% of the PAF cohort and 10.7% of the NPAF cohort (p = 0.12). In the one-year follow-up, unadjusted mortality (8.4% vs 14.0%, p = 0.039) and combined outcome of death, stroke and systemic embolism (8.8% vs 15.1%, p = 0.022) were significantly higher in the NPAF cohort. After adjusting for CHA2DS2-VASc and previous bleeding, NPAF was associated with increased death/stroke/systemic embolism (HR 1.67, 95% CI 1.02–2.72, p = 0.041). Conclusion Atrial fibrillation type did not impair periprocedural safety or in-hospital MACE patients undergoing LAAC. However, after one year, NPAF was associated with higher mortality. Graphic abstract

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One-year outcomes of microhook trabeculotomy versus suture trabeculotomy ab interno

Graefe s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology ◽

10.1007/s00417-021-05333-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hiroshi Yokoyama ◽

Masashi Takata ◽

Fumi Gomi

Keyword(s):

Survival Analysis ◽

Clinical Success ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Medication Use ◽

Glaucoma Surgery ◽

Success Rates ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

One Year ◽

Ab Interno

Abstract Purpose To compare clinical success rates and reductions in intraocular pressure (IOP) and IOP-lowering medication use following suture trabeculotomy ab interno (S group) or microhook trabeculotomy (μ group). Methods This retrospective review collected data from S (n = 104, 122 eyes) and μ (n = 42, 47 eyes) groups who underwent treatment between June 1, 2016, and October 31, 2019, and had 12-month follow-up data including IOP, glaucoma medications, complications, and additional IOP-lowering procedures. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate treatment success rates defined as normal IOP (> 5 to ≤ 18 mm Hg), ≥ 20% reduction of IOP from baseline at two consecutive visits, and no further glaucoma surgery. Results Schlemm’s canal opening was longer in the S group than in the μ group (P < 0.0001). The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of all eyes showed cumulative clinical success rates in S and µ groups were 71.1% and 61.7% (P = 0.230). The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of eyes with preoperative IOP ≥ 21 mmHg showed cumulative clinical success rates in S and μ groups were 80.4% and 60.0% (P = 0.0192). There were no significant differences in postoperative IOP at 1, 3, and 6 months (S group, 14.9 ± 5.6, 14.6 ± 4.5, 14.6 ± 3.9 mmHg; μ group, 15.8 ± 5.9, 15.2 ± 4.4, 14.7 ± 3.7 mmHg; P = 0.364, 0.443, 0.823), but postoperative IOP was significantly lower in the S group at 12 months (S group, 14.1 ± 3.1 mmHg; μ group, 15.6 ± 4.1 mmHg; P = 0.0361). There were no significant differences in postoperative numbers of glaucoma medications at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months (S group, 1.8 ± 1.6, 1.8 ± 1.5, 2.0 ± 1.6, 1.8 ± 1.5; μ group, 2.0 ± 1.6, 2.0 ± 1.6, 2.1 ± 1.6, 2.2 ± 1.7; P = 0.699, 0.420, 0.737, 0.198). Conclusion S and µ group eyes achieved IOP reduction, but μ group eyes had lower clinical success rates among patients with high preoperative IOP at 12 months.

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Surgically resected skull base meningiomas demonstrate a divergent postoperative recurrence pattern compared with non–skull base meningiomas

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/2015.7.jns15546 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 125 (2) ◽

pp. 431-440 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Alireza Mansouri ◽

George Klironomos ◽

Shervin Taslimi ◽

Alex Kilian ◽

Fred Gentili ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skull Base ◽

Recurrence Rate ◽

Postoperative Recurrence ◽

Prior History ◽

Skull Base Tumors ◽

Who Grade ◽

Predictors Of Recurrence ◽

History Of ◽

Skull Base Meningiomas

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to identify the natural history and clinical predictors of postoperative recurrence of skull base and non–skull base meningiomas. METHODS The authors performed a retrospective hospital-based study of all patients with meningioma referred to their institution from September 1993 to January 2014. The cohort constituted both patients with a first-time presentation and those with evidence of recurrence. Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed for analysis of recurrence and differences were assessed using the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to identify potential predictors of recurrence. RESULTS Overall, 398 intracranial meningiomas were reviewed, including 269 (68%) non–skull base and 129 (32%) skull base meningiomas (median follow-up 30.2 months, interquartile range [IQR] 8.5–76 months). The 10-year recurrence-free survival rates for patients with gross-total resection (GTR) and subtotal resection (STR) were 90% and 43%, respectively. Skull base tumors were associated with a lower proliferation index (0.041 vs 0.062, p = 0.001), higher likelihood of WHO Grade I (85.3% vs 69.1%, p = 0.003), and younger patient age (55.2 vs 58.3 years, p = 0.01). Meningiomas in all locations demonstrated an average recurrence rate of 30% at 100 months of follow-up. Subsequently, the recurrence of skull base meningiomas plateaued whereas non–skull base lesions had an 80% recurrence rate at 230 months follow-up (p = 0.02). On univariate analysis, a prior history of recurrence (p < 0.001), initial WHO grade following resection (p < 0.001), and the inability to obtain GTR (p < 0.001) were predictors of future recurrence. On multivariate analysis a prior history of recurrence (p = 0.02) and an STR (p < 0.01) were independent predictors of a recurrence. Assessing only patients with primary presentations, STR and WHO Grades II and III were independent predictors of recurrence (p < 0.001 for both). CONCLUSIONS Patients with skull base meningiomas present at a younger age and have less aggressive lesions overall. Extent of resection is a key predictor of recurrence and long-term follow-up of meningiomas is necessary, especially for non–skull base tumors. In skull base meningiomas, recurrence risk plateaus approximately 100 months after surgery, suggesting that for this specific cohort, follow-up after 100 months can be less frequent.

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