Supporting Everyday Activities in Dementia

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (S1) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Staffan Josephsson
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Memory Problems ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Functional Relevance ◽  
Dementing Disorders

Dementing disorders such as Alzheimer's disease have an enormous impact on the everyday life of the person affected, on his or her family members, and on the staff involved in providing daily care (Borell, 1992). Cognitive dysfunction resulting from dementing diseases, such as memory problems, interferes greatly with the performance of most activities of daily living. The field of occupational therapy has developed a variety of intervention programs addressing everyday activities for persons with dementia. A review of the relevant literature shows, however, that even if the need for such interventions is acknowledged (Porszt-Miron et al., 1988) and an outline for the intervention is described (Bryant, 1991; Rogers et al., 1987), there are few studies evaluating the efficacy and functional relevance of such interventions. Consequently, one urgent task for research is to identify and evaluate intervention strategies addressing occupational functioning among persons with dementia disorders.

scholarly journals Antidepressants In General Practice And Psychiatry

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoryana Lebedyn
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Constant State ◽  
Depressed Person ◽  
The Impact

Depression can be compared to a fire that occurs in our head. Gradually, it burns what used to be pleasurable, leaving only the feeling of emptiness and sadness. It influences thoughts, emotions, thinking and affects the everyday activities. Depression is a disorder characterized by a constant state of sadness and hopelessness. Depressed person loses interest in any activity that is usually brings pleasure, as well as the inability to perform daily living activities. These symptoms should be permanent (at least two weeks). Bad mood once a month, with or without a reason, cannot immediately be called depression. This insidious disorder destroys relationships, impedes normal functioning and can even lead to job loss. Accumulation of problems, the lack of support from family members and the lack of skilled help can lead to even more devastating behaviour and even suicide. This review article discusses the problems associated with the treatment of depression and the impact of this problem on the lives of Nations. The value of antidepressants in the treatment process discussed in details.

Brokers of crisis: the everyday uncertainty of Eastern Congo's mineral négociants

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Vogel ◽  
Josaphat Musamba
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Conflict Minerals ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Violent Conflicts ◽  
North And South

ABSTRACTEastern Democratic Republic of the Congo's (DRC) artisanal mining sector is often linked to the violent conflicts that have beset Central Africa for over two decades. While many analyses emphasise its ‘criminal’ and ‘illegal’ nature, less attention has been paid to the ambiguity of this economy, most prominently incarnated by the intermediate mineral traders callednégociants. Focusing on their entrepreneurship, networks and everyday activities, this essay offers a more nuanced understanding of local mineral trade in the context of a ‘crisis economy’ framed by competing governable orders. It investigates the uncertainty along eastern DRC's mineral supply chains, that are undergoing major regulatory changes to curb the trade of so-called ‘conflict minerals’. Drawing from extensive fieldwork, this essay demonstrates how this uncertainty shapes the négociants’ role as brokers of socio-economic life in the provinces of North and South Kivu.

scholarly journals Opieka pielęgniarska nad pacjentką w przebiegu choroby Alzheimera z wykorzystaniem ICNP®

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-115
Author(s):  
Karolina Krajewska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Control Field ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Nurse Caring ◽  
It Risk

Introduction. Alzheimer's disease (AD – Alzheimer Disease) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease. The main source of memory discomfort is destruc-tion. With age, irresistibly falling ill with it. Risk factors for the development of Alzheimer's disease are primarily: diabetes, female gender, hypertension and the lack of a control field. It is estimated that in Poland Alzheimer's disease affects about 200,000 people. According to statistics, 60% of all forms of de-mentia are AD. Aim of the study. The aim of the study is to present the activities that should be performed by a nurse caring for a patient with diagnosed Alzheimer's dis-ease. Case study. A 75-year-old patient admitted to the internal medicine ward, she has communication, content swallowing and spatial orientation disorders. It requires constant assistance in the performance of everyday activities. He complains of urinary and faecal incontinence. Conclusion. Thanks to the holistic approach to the patient, it is possible to ensure her correctness and the approach of the patient and her family.

scholarly journals Pinkas-notebook and pinkas-register book: evolution, structure, and composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1199-1218
Author(s):  
Evgeniya D. Zarubina
Keyword(s):  
Academic Language ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
Uniform Structure ◽  
European Origin ◽  
The Public ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
History Of ◽  
Diverse Data ◽  
Communal Institutions

Minute books (pinkas) constitute one of the most valuable sources for studying the history of the Jewish communal institutions up to the 20th century. They comprise rich and diverse data on the everyday activities of the Jewish people. In the academic language, the word “pinkas” is applied not only to the communal minute books and minute books of the communal bodies but also to private minute books. The article deals with the development of this category of sources which evolved from private minute books dating back to at least the 11th century to the communal ones as well as the minute books of the communal bodies based on the dozen manuscript examples. These are mostly of European origin, however, with a few Eastern additions. This evolution process becomes visible as a result of the analysis of the manuscripts’ internal structure and composition. Special attention is paid to the techniques used to enforce this structure on codicological and paleographic levels. The data at hand suggest that at the beginning of the Modern period some of the minute books were shifted from private to the public domain. This was a response to the demand from the rapidly evolving communal institutions. To suit the widened audience of varying backgrounds the communal minute books compared to those for private use adopted a more uniform structure as well as with a set of “navigation” or referencing tools, such as captions written on margins. The early modern Italian communal minute books tend to be the most structured ones.

Negotiating Identity and Power during a Crisis: An Analysis of ‘Small Stories’ Told by Australian Christian Priests during the COVID-19 Health Crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 25-43
Author(s):  
Margo Louise Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Crisis Period ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Small Stories

Abstract The COVID-19 outbreak in 2020 and localised government responses have led to fundamental changes in the conditions in which organisations operate. This article draws on a social constructionist understanding of identity as multiple and performed (Angouri 2016; Butler 1990) to explore the experiences of a group of six Australian Christian priests during this crisis period. Drawing on in-depth interview data, the article presents a narrative analysis of the storying of identities and power relations within church communities whose everyday activities were suddenly curtailed. In contrast to linguistic studies of narrative which often focus on structural features of canonical discourse ‘events’, this article takes up Bamberg and Georgakopoulou’s (2008) extension of narrative analysis to focus on ‘small stories’ which reflect the everyday, situated practices in which identities and power relations are negotiated and performed. This article contributes unique insights into the operation and practices of religious organisations in a crisis context.

scholarly journals Young Children, Maker Literacies and Social Change

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Kristiina Kumpulainen ◽  
Anne Burke ◽  
Burcu Yaman Ntelioglou
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
The Everyday

Although making—that is, playing, experimenting, expressing, connecting, and constructing with different tools and materials towards personal and collective ends—has characterised the everyday activities of many children and adults across cultures for ages, there seems to be no doubt that novel digital technologies and media are transforming and re-mixing more traditional maker activities, with new opportunities for communication, collaboration, learning, and civic engagement [...]

Using Activities of Daily Living to Evaluate the Design and Placement of a Proximal Radius Fracture Fixation Device

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Wagner ◽  
Alejandro Vallejo
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Rigid Fixation ◽  
New Device ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Active Lifestyles

The return of a patient to activities of daily living following a surgical intervention (i.e. joint replacement, rigid fixation, etc.) involving an implantable device is often used as one component to measure the success of the surgery [1]. The longevity of the implant subject to the forces imposed when performing those normal daily activities is another. As people are living longer and continuing to maintain active lifestyles, the paradigm of everyday activities that are used to evaluate implant longevity must also evolve. Although physiological boundary conditions during pre-clinical implant evaluations have been used for simulating the life span of a new device, only a small number of everyday activities used for deriving those forces have been widely characterized. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how musculoskeletal simulation can be used for providing the boundary conditions of a finite element model used to evaluate the design space of an implant subject to specific activities of daily living (Figure 1).

The Closing-In Phenomenon in an Ecological Walking Task

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-444
Author(s):  
Natascia De Lucia ◽  
Dario Grossi ◽  
Graziella Milan ◽  
Luigi Trojano
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Stroop Test ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Neuropsychological Battery ◽  
Daily Living Activities ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Dementia Severity ◽  
Copying Task ◽  
Executive Abilities

AbstractObjectives: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients may show the Closing-in (CI), a tendency to reproduce figures close to or superimposed on the model. AD patients with CI might manifest reduced functional independence compared to AD patients without CI, but no study directly assessed if CI can hamper common daily living activities. To address this issue here we investigated whether AD patients with CI veer their walking trajectory toward irrelevant objects more often than AD patients without CI. Methods: Fifty AD individuals, and 20 age- and education-matched healthy adults, underwent a graphic copying task to detect CI and a newly developed walking task to assess the tendency to veer toward irrelevant objects and to bump into them. All participants also completed a comprehensive neuropsychological battery to assess dementia severity; impairments in frontal/executive, visuo-spatial, visuo-constructional, and memory domains; and functional independence in daily living activities. Results: Graphic CI occurred in 34/50 (68%) AD patients (AD-CI group) who achieved significantly lower scores on frontal/executive abilities, and daily living functioning than AD individuals not showing CI. Most AD-CI patients (20/34; 58.8%) also showed at least one veering error in the walking task. Participants with CI and veering errors showed significantly poorer performance on Stroop test, and lower level of functional independence than AD individuals with CI in isolation. Conclusions: CI on graphic tasks can identify difficulties in walking and in complying with everyday activities in AD patients. These observations demonstrate the value of assessing CI in copying tasks. (JINS, 2018, 24, 437–444)

scholarly journals Script Generation of Activities of Daily Living in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 740-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Cobb Scott ◽  
Steven Paul Woods ◽  
Ofilio Vigil ◽  
Robert K. Heaton ◽  
Igor Grant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Mental Representations ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorders ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Associated Neurocognitive Disorders

AbstractScript generation describes one's ability to produce complex, sequential action plans derived from mental representations of everyday activities. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on script generation performance. Sixty HIV+ individuals (48% of whom had HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders [HAND]) and 26 demographically comparable HIV- participants were administered a novel, standardized test of script generation, which required participants to verbally generate and organize the necessary steps for completing six daily activities. HAND participants evidenced significantly more total errors, intrusions, and script boundary errors compared to the HIV- sample, indicating difficulties inhibiting irrelevant actions and staying within the prescribed boundaries of scripts, but had adequate knowledge of the relevant actions required for each script. These findings are generally consistent with the executive dysfunction and slowing common in HAND and suggest that script generation may play a role in everyday functioning problems in HIV. (JINS, 2011, 17, 740–745)

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