Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning-Based Advanced Depression Detection System

Depression can be called a health issue that majorly affects the stability of the mind. Depression can also be called a mood disorder or mental illness that affects our mental state. Depression can affect a person mentally and physically. According to WHO, 264 million people in the world are affected because of depression. At its worst, depression can lead to suicide. About 8 million people commit suicide every year because of depression. It is not possible for one to live with depression, but if they get proper treatment at a right time, depression can be controlled and cured to help the person to live a quality life. To identify the level of depression of a person, we have to first identify the type of depression the patient is going through. The type of depression plays a very important role in determining the kind of treatment or help a depressed person needs by providing them various treatments. The authors propose a solution for detection of depression type and depression levels using advanced machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms.

A Review on Analytical Method for Determination of Venlafaxine HCl in Bulk and Pharmaceutical dosage form

Venlafaxine HCl is one of the antidepressant agent which comes under the category of serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor i.e SNRI. This medication is usually used to treat major depressive disorder in adult. It may help to improve the mood and energy level and also to regain the interest in daily activities in the depressed person. The present review focus on various approaches for the analysis on Venlafaxine in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. The review represents the various analytical method like the RP-HPLC, HPTLC, UV Spectroscopy and Stability Indicating Methods which were used for the investigation of Venlafaxine in bulk and different dosage formulations.

The depressed text

North American writer David Foster Wallace wrote two short stories - The Planet Trillaphon As It Stands In Relation To The Bad Thing and The Depressed Person - that depict depression, in each one taking different yet complementary perspectives on this subject. Our aim is to analyze these texts and to discuss the role literature can have in regard to the apprehension of subjective experiences of others. Whereas the first text attempts to describe depression objectively, the second one describes the impossibility of doing so, focusing on literary techniques that create distressing subjective experiences in the reader, possibly resembling those felt by depressed persons. We suggest that literature might be helpful to comprehend some aspects of the experience of being depressed and that such an understanding may enrich psychiatric practice.

الاكتئاب في علم النفس المعاصر ودراسته في ضوء الإسلام

Immense sadness is called depression which is a common and serious mood disorder affecting 121 million people worldwide. It affects thoughts, feelings, behaviors, physical health and social life of a person. Depressed person overwhelms with sadness, loses interest in life and feels difficulty in making decisions. Brain chemistry, genetics, social and environmental factors may cause depression. Antidepressants and talking therapies are major treatment of depression. Islam is a true religion on the earth, which covers all aspects of life, bridges gap between spirit and matter, balances between individualism and collectivism. Fundamentals of Islam help in prevention and treatment of depression. A true Muslim believes in oneness of Allah almighty, he believes that Allah almighty alone runs all affairs of universe, considers life as a place of trials and tribulations, remains patient in difficulties of life, his heart is peaceful with the remembrance of Allah, he puts trust in Allah almighty, whenever he commits sin repents, seeks forgiveness from Allah almighty for his sin.

A Novel Combined Treatment for Relapse Prevention of Depression: A Case Report

Introduction: There is plenty of evidence concerning novel treatments for major depression, as a prevalent disorder of the era. Acceptance commitment therapy (ACT), group therapy (GT), and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are the most widely used interventions, particularly for the amelioration of depressive symptoms. However, for those who receive these interventions, the risk of depression relapse is high. In this article, we have reported a depressed patient who was treated by a novel triangular systematic protocol with the advantage of relapse prevention. Case Presentation: The triangular protocol contained three stages of tDCS, ACT, and GT, which were conducted in succession. Initially, after administering tDCS, improvements were observed concerning dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) activation. After increasing prefrontal activity, however, the patient was complaining of remaining symptoms. Hence, we supposed it was time to work on mental reconstruction using ACT techniques. Because for most major depressive disorder (MDD) relapse following acute treatment is common, we hypothesized that administering GT after combined use of tDCS and ACT can prevent recurrence and relapse of the disease and that there will also be differences in electroencephalogram (EEG) oscillations of a depressed person after combining these methods. Conclusions: Detailed brain map of the patient and low-resolution electromagnetic tomographic analysis exhibited a marked correction of previously elevated frontal Alpha activity. According to the Beck Depression inventory-short form (BDI-SF) and Acceptance and Action questionnaire (AAQ-II), the levels of depression symptoms and psychological inflexibility were decreased, respectively. The decreasing trend was maintained after ACT and GT (stages 2 and 3). Among different times (baseline, tDCS, ACT, and GT), AAQ dramatically decreased following ACT. Similarly, the observation was maintained after the third edge of the triangle protocol. Based on the positive results of the study, it might be important for future studies with larger samples to consider the proposed protocol and might provide further evidence about the effectiveness of this method and its long-lasting effects.

Mental Disorder Detection via Social Media Mining using Deep Learning

Due to the imperceptible nature of mental disorders, diagnosing a patient with a mental disorder is a challenging task. Therefore, detection in people with mental disorders can be done by looking at the symptoms they experience. One symptom in patients with mental disorders is solitude. Patients with mental disorders feel indifferent to their environment and mainly focus on their own thoughts and emotions. Therefore, the patient looks for a place that can accommodate his feelings. Twitter is one of the most widely used media in measuring one's personality through everyday statements. The symptoms as suggested by psychologists can be explored more broadly using Natural Languages Processing. The process involves taking a lexicon containing keywords that could indicate symptoms of depression. This study uses five criteria as a measure of mental health in a statement: sentiment, basic emotions, the use of personal pronouns, absolutist words, and negative words. The results show that the use of sentiments, emotions, and negative words in a statement is very influential in determining the level of depression. A depressed person more often uses negative words that indicate his self-despair, prolonged sadness, even suicidal thoughts (e.g. "sadly”, “scared”, “die”, “suicide”). In the classification process, LSTM Deep Learning generates an accuracy of 70.89%; precision of 50.24%; recall 70.89%.

Antidepressants In General Practice And Psychiatry

Depression can be compared to a fire that occurs in our head. Gradually, it burns what used to be pleasurable, leaving only the feeling of emptiness and sadness. It influences thoughts, emotions, thinking and affects the everyday activities. Depression is a disorder characterized by a constant state of sadness and hopelessness. Depressed person loses interest in any activity that is usually brings pleasure, as well as the inability to perform daily living activities. These symptoms should be permanent (at least two weeks). Bad mood once a month, with or without a reason, cannot immediately be called depression. This insidious disorder destroys relationships, impedes normal functioning and can even lead to job loss. Accumulation of problems, the lack of support from family members and the lack of skilled help can lead to even more devastating behaviour and even suicide. This review article discusses the problems associated with the treatment of depression and the impact of this problem on the lives of Nations. The value of antidepressants in the treatment process discussed in details.

LINGUISTIC MARKERS OF DEPRESSION IN UKRAINIAN-LANGUAGE POSTS ON THE FACEBOOK SOCIAL NETWORK

Depression is a complex mental illness that alters a person's mental and physical condition and is thus the subject of many sciences that study anthropological phenomena, including linguistics. In our research, we investigate depression through extralinguistic and linguistic factors. We aimed to prove the hypothesis that: a) a depressed person has a special linguistic expression different from a healthy person - for example, through certain markers; b) markers of depression may vary depending on the language culture of the depressed person. We built our work on the research and theories of such scientists as O. Karpina, S. Kuranova, D. Barekat, N. Farouk, R. Goeb, D. Evans, D. Coppersmith, M. Dredze, A. Jezard, and others.

Difficult and urgent situations

Covering difficult and emergency situations encountered in psychiatric practice, this chapter informs the reader how to deal with crisis situations. It includes suggestions for dealing with patients responding to paranoid delusions, antisocial or borderline traits, the depressed person, and those experiencing acute stress. A multidisciplinary approach to suicide attempts in hospital is detailed. Severe behavioural disturbance and guidelines for rapid tranquillization (RT) are also covered. Issues of child protection and how to deal with patients who are manipulative or act against medical advice, and common clinical scenarios are all discussed.