scholarly journals Mortality at Music Festivals: Academic and Grey Literature for Case Finding

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila A. Turris ◽  
Adam Lund
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Music Festivals ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Gray Literature ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Environmental Causes

AbstractObjectiveDeaths at music festivals are not infrequently reported in the media; however, the true mortality burden is difficult to determine as the deaths are not yet systematically documented in the academic literature.MethodsThis was a literature search for case examples using academic and gray literature sources, employing both retrospective and prospective searches of media sources from 1999-2014.ResultsThe gray literature documents a total of 722 deaths, including traumatic (594/722; 82%) and non-traumatic (128/722; 18%) causes. Fatalities were caused by trampling (n=479), motor-vehicle-related (n=39), structural collapses (n=28), acts of terror (n=26), drowning (n=8), assaults (n=6), falls (n=5), hanging (n=2), and thermal injury (n=2). Non-traumatic deaths included overdoses (n=96/722; 13%), environmental causes (n=8/722; 1%), natural causes (n=10/722; 1%), and unknown/not reported (n=14/722; 2%). The majority of non-trauma-related deaths were related to overdose (75%).The academic literature documents trauma-related deaths (n=368) and overdose-related deaths (n=12). One hundred percent of the trauma-related deaths reported in the academic literature also were reported in the gray literature (n=368). Mortality rates cannot be reported as the total attendance at events is not known.ConclusionsThe methodology presented in this manuscript confirms that deaths occur not uncommonly at music festivals, and it represents a starting point in the documentation and surveillance of mortality.TurrisSA, LundA. Mortality at music festivals: academic and grey literature for case finding. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2017;32(1):58–63.

scholarly journals Mortality at Music Festivals

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (s1) ◽  
pp. s151-s151
Author(s):  
Tracie Jones
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Music Festivals ◽  
Music Festival ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Mass Gatherings ◽  
Mortality Burden ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Media Reports

Introduction:Fatalities at music festivals are seldom reported in the academic literature, making it difficult to understand the full scope of the issue. This gap in our knowledge makes it challenging to develop strategies that might reduce the mortality burden. It is hypothesized that the number of fatalities is rising. Building on earlier research, two further years of data on mortality at music festivals was analyzed.Methods:Synthesis of grey/academic literature.Results:The grey literature for 2016-2017 documented a total of 201 deaths, including both traumatic (105; 52%) and non-traumatic (96; 48%) causes. Deaths resulted from acts of terror (n = 60), trampling (n = 13), motor-vehicle-related (n = 10), thermal injury (n = 6), shootings (n = 5), falls (n = 4), structural collapses (n = 3), miscellaneous trauma (n = 2), and assaults (n = 2). Non-traumatic deaths included overdoses/poisonings (n = 41), miscellaneous causes (n = 36), unknown/not reported (n = 18), and natural causes (n = 1). The majority of non-trauma-related deaths were related to overdose (44%). No academic literature documented fatalities that occurred while attending a music festival during 2016 or 2017.Discussion:Reports of fatalities at music festivals are increasingly common. However, the data for this manuscript were drawn primarily from media reports, a data source that is problematic. Currently no rigorous reporting system for fatalities exists. In the context of safety planning for mass gatherings, a standardized method of reporting fatalities would inform future planning and safety measures for festival attendees. The hypothesis that mortality rate reporting increased was substantiated. However, the proliferation of music festivals, the increase in attendance at these events, and the overall increase in internet usage may have influenced this outcome.

Mortality at Music Festivals: An Update for 2016-2017 – Academic and Grey Literature for Case Finding

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila A. Turris ◽  
Tracie Jones ◽  
Adam Lund
Keyword(s):  
Grey Literature ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Reporting Standard ◽  
Music Festivals ◽  
Music Festival ◽  
Special Events ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
The New Period

AbstractIn 2016, the authors published a paper on music festival fatalities between the years 1999 and 2014 (n=722). In this Special Report, they provide an update on fatalities reported at music festivals globally for the period 2016-2017 (n=201). Using a search strategy designed to capture grey literature and media reports of music festival fatalities, reports of the overall frequency and cause-of-death breakdown for publicly reported, festival-related deaths are recorded. This update shows an increase in the frequency of festival-related fatality reports during the new period, together with an increase in the number of deaths attributable to terror (n=60) and overdose/poisoning (n=41). Drawing conclusions about the cause of this increase is challenging given the growth in Internet use, online media reports, and number of music festivals occurring annually when compared with the previous reporting period. The authors re-emphasize the need for a uniform reporting standard and reliable epidemiological data for fatalities related to music festivals, mass gatherings, and special events.TurrisSA, JonesT, LundA. Mortality at music festivals: an update for 2016-2017 – academic and grey literature for case finding. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(5):553–557.

scholarly journals Toward an Understanding of Public Health Entrepreneurship and Intrapreneurship

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Chahine
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Resource Mobilization ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Search Results ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Discourse Teaching

This paper describes a framework used to understand public health entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship for the purpose of pedagogy and practice. To ground this framework in the academic literature, a scoping review of the literature was conducted with application of a snowball method to identify further articles from the bibliographies of the search results. Recurring themes were identified to characterize common patterns of public health entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship. These themes were design thinking, resource mobilization, financial viability, cross-disciplinary collaboration, and systems strengthening. Case examples are provided to illustrate key themes in both intrapreneurship and entrepreneurship. This framework is a starting point to further the discourse, teaching, and practice of entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship in public health. More research is needed to understand implications for power and privilege, capacity building, financing, scaling, and policy making related to entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship in public health.

scholarly journals National monitoring and evaluation of eHealth: a scoping review

JAMIA Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-140
Author(s):  
Sidsel Villumsen ◽  
Julia Adler-Milstein ◽  
Christian Nøhr
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Electronic Record ◽  
World Health ◽  
Evaluation Methodology ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Regional Monitoring ◽  
National Monitoring ◽  
Starting Point

Abstract Objective There has been substantial growth in eHealth over the past decade, driven by expectations of improved healthcare system performance. Despite substantial eHealth investment, little is known about the monitoring and evaluation strategies for gauging progress in eHealth availability and use. This scoping review aims to map the existing literature and depict the predominant approaches and methodological recommendations to national and regional monitoring and evaluation of eHealth availability and use, to advance national strategies for monitoring and evaluating eHealth. Methods Peer-reviewed and grey literature on monitoring and evaluation of eHealth availability and use published between January 1, 2009, and March 11, 2019, were eligible for inclusion. A total of 2354 publications were identified and 36 publications were included after full-text review. Data on publication type (eg, empirical research), country, level (national or regional), publication year, method (eg, survey), and domain (eg, provider-centric electronic record) were charted. Results The majority of publications monitored availability alone or applied a combination of availability and use measures. Surveys were the most common data collection method (used in 86% of the publications). Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Commission, Canada Health Infoway, and World Health Organization (WHO) have developed comprehensive eHealth monitoring and evaluation methodology recommendations. Discussion Establishing continuous national eHealth monitoring and evaluation, based on international approaches and recommendations, could improve the ability for cross-country benchmarking and learning. This scoping review provides an overview of the predominant approaches to and recommendations for national and regional monitoring and evaluation of eHealth. It thereby provides a starting point for developing national eHealth monitoring strategies.

scholarly journals Cryptocurrencies and future financial crime

Crime Science ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Trozze ◽  
Josh Kamps ◽  
Eray Arda Akartuna ◽  
Florian J. Hetzel ◽  
Bennett Kleinberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Expert Consensus ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Future

Abstract Background Cryptocurrency fraud has become a growing global concern, with various governments reporting an increase in the frequency of and losses from cryptocurrency scams. Despite increasing fraudulent activity involving cryptocurrencies, research on the potential of cryptocurrencies for fraud has not been examined in a systematic study. This review examines the current state of knowledge about what kinds of cryptocurrency fraud currently exist, or are expected to exist in the future, and provides comprehensive definitions of the frauds identified. Methods The study involved a scoping review of academic research and grey literature on cryptocurrency fraud and a 1.5-day expert consensus exercise. The review followed the PRISMA-ScR protocol, with eligibility criteria based on language, publication type, relevance to cryptocurrency fraud, and evidence provided. Researchers screened 391 academic records, 106 of which went on to the eligibility phase, and 63 of which were ultimately analysed. We screened 394 grey literature sources, 128 of which passed on to the eligibility phase, and 53 of which were included in our review. The expert consensus exercise was attended by high-profile participants from the private sector, government, and academia. It involved problem planning and analysis activities and discussion about the future of cryptocurrency crime. Results The academic literature identified 29 different types of cryptocurrency fraud; the grey literature discussed 32 types, 14 of which were not identified in the academic literature (i.e., 47 unique types in total). Ponzi schemes and (synonymous) high yield investment programmes were most discussed across all literature. Participants in the expert consensus exercise ranked pump-and-dump schemes and ransomware as the most profitable and feasible threats, though pump-and-dumps were, notably, perceived as the least harmful type of fraud. Conclusions The findings of this scoping review suggest cryptocurrency fraud research is rapidly developing in volume and breadth, though we remain at an early stage of thinking about future problems and scenarios involving cryptocurrencies. The findings of this work emphasise the need for better collaboration across sectors and consensus on definitions surrounding cryptocurrency fraud to address the problems identified.

Juvenile Killers: Case Examples and Academic Literature

1991 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 748-749
Author(s):  
William L. Wilbanks
Keyword(s):  
Case Examples ◽  
Academic Literature

scholarly journals Disaster Metrics: A Comprehensive Framework for Disaster Evaluation Typologies

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana F. Wong ◽  
Caroline Spencer ◽  
Lee Boyd ◽  
Frederick M. Burkle ◽  
Frank Archer
Keyword(s):  
Grey Literature ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
International Level ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Constructive Dialogue ◽  
Complex Events ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

AbstractIntroductionThe frequency of disasters is increasing around the world with more people being at risk. There is a moral imperative to improve the way in which disaster evaluations are undertaken and reported with the aim of reducing preventable mortality and morbidity in future events. Disasters are complex events and undertaking disaster evaluations is a specialized area of study at an international level.Hypothesis/ProblemWhile some frameworks have been developed to support consistent disaster research and evaluation, they lack validation, consistent terminology, and standards for reporting across the different phases of a disaster. There is yet to be an agreed, comprehensive framework to structure disaster evaluation typologies.The aim of this paper is to outline an evolving comprehensive framework for disaster evaluation typologies. It is anticipated that this new framework will facilitate an agreement on identifying, structuring, and relating the various evaluations found in the disaster setting with a view to better understand the process, outcomes, and impacts of the effectiveness and efficiency of interventions.MethodsResearch was undertaken in two phases: (1) a scoping literature review (peer-reviewed and “grey literature”) was undertaken to identify current evaluation frameworks and typologies used in the disaster setting; and (2) a structure was developed that included the range of typologies identified in Phase One and suggests possible relationships in the disaster setting.ResultsNo core, unifying framework to structure disaster evaluation and research was identified in the literature. The authors propose a “Comprehensive Framework for Disaster Evaluation Typologies” that identifies, structures, and suggests relationships for the various typologies detected.ConclusionThe proposed Comprehensive Framework for Disaster Evaluation Typologies outlines the different typologies of disaster evaluations that were identified in this study and brings them together into a single framework. This unique, unifying framework has relevance at an international level and is expected to benefit the disaster, humanitarian, and development sectors. The next step is to undertake a validation process that will include international leaders with experience in evaluation, in general, and disasters specifically. This work promotes an environment for constructive dialogue on evaluations in the disaster setting to strengthen the evidence base for interventions across the disaster spectrum. It remains a work in progress.WongDF,SpencerC,BoydL,BurkleFMJr.,ArcherF.Disaster metrics: a comprehensive framework for disaster evaluation typologies.Prehosp Disaster Med.2017;32(5):501–514.

scholarly journals Towards a Scientific Definition of App Marketing – A Practice-Oriented Approach Using Scientific and Grey Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Atilla Wohllebe ◽  
Mario Hillmers
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Gray Literature ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Job Ads ◽  
Oriented Approach

The relevance of smartphones and mobile apps has increased significantly in recent years. Increasingly, companies are trying to use mobile apps for their business purposes. Accordingly, the role of app marketing has become more important. Nevertheless, there is no uniform understanding of the term "app marketing". Based on scientific and gray literature, two definitions of "app marketing" are developed. In the narrower sense, app marketing refers to measures aimed at making a mobile app better known and acquiring users i. e. generating app downloads. In the broader sense, app marketing refers to all activities that are used to acquire users for a mobile app, contact them, and encourage them to reach a specified goal. Additionally, based on job ads, an overview of activities in app marketing is provided from a practical point of view. Here, the focus is primarily on paid app install campaigns as well as on monitoring, reporting and analytics.

scholarly journals Managing Borders During Public Health Emergencies of International Concern: A Proposed Typology of Cross-border Health Measures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelley Lee ◽  
Karen A Grépin ◽  
Catherine Worsnop ◽  
Summer Marion ◽  
Julianne Piper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
World Health ◽  
Border Health ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Public Health Emergencies ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Starting Point

Abstract BackgroundThe near universal adoption of cross-border health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide has prompted significant debate about their effectiveness and compliance with international law. The number of measures used, and the range of measures applied, have far exceeded previous public health emergencies of international concern. However, efforts to advance research, policy and practice to support their effective use has been hindered by a lack of clear and consistent definition. ResultsBased on a review of existing datasets for cross-border health measures, such as the Oxford Coronavirus Government Response Tracker and World Health Organization Public Health and Social Measures, along with analysis of secondary and grey literature, we propose six categories to define measures more clearly and consistently – type of movement (travel and trade), policy goal, level of jurisdiction, use by public versus private sector, stage of journey, and degree of restrictiveness. These categories are then be brought together into a proposed typology that can support research with generalizable findings and comparative analyses across jurisdictions. The typology facilitates evidence-informed decision-making which takes account of policy complexity including trade-offs and externalities. Finally, the typology can support efforts to strengthen coordinated global responses to outbreaks and inform future efforts to revise the WHO International Health Regulations (2005). ConclusionsThe widespread use of cross-border health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic has prompted significant reflection on available evidence, previous practice and existing legal frameworks. The typology put forth in this paper aims to provide a starting point for strengthening research, policy and practice.

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