scholarly journals Long-Term Disaster Resilience: A Research Gap

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (s1) ◽  
pp. s21-s21
Author(s):  
Caroline Spencer ◽  
Saadia Majeed ◽  
Dudley McArdle ◽  
Deb Parkinson ◽  
Frank Archer
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Sociological Studies

Introduction:This research identified a gap in understanding the lived experience of long-term disaster resilience (LTDR). Increasing disasters could influence more people. Therefore, understanding LTDR becomes imperative. Little research documents men and women’s reflections following disasters. Current research highlights survivors’ mental health, particularly clinical diagnoses like PTSD. Research remains limited on the social impacts long after disasters.Aim:Research aimed to identify a gendered perspective of the lived experience about what contributes to LTDR three years after Ash Wednesday in 1983, the Victorian floods in 1993 and 2010-11, and the 2009 Black Saturday fires.Methods:A comprehensive, systematized search was conducted of peer-reviewed, grey, and secondary literature for a narrative review and thematic analysis.Results:106 references were identified. After removing duplicates and papers not fitting the inclusion criteria, two papers met the criteria. However, two borderline papers were included due to the closeness of the timeframe and brevity of research available.Discussion:Most research is related to the immediate aftermath or short-term resilience. Papers provided no specific attributes to enhance the lived experience of LTDR as it related to gender. However, factors that could enhance the lived experience of LTDR were drawn from six themes in sociological studies. Presumptive interpretations were made about what factors may provide insight into the social and contextual issues of LTDR. The literature dearth identified the need for long-term disaster resilience research. The most striking conclusion drawn from themes tells how people perceived the way a disaster and the ensuing period affected their personal relationships and circumstances. Overall, positive experiences strengthened their resilience while negative experiences hindered their resilience. While the review resulted in a disappointing outcome, the dearth of LTDR research lacked any reference to gender but confirmed research opportunities for innovative research that could influence policy and practice.

Privacy Awareness and the Networking Generation

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Odella
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Privacy Rights ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
The Social ◽  
Epochal Change ◽  
Ethical Design ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
Privacy Issues

The article discusses the social and privacy implications of children's access to the internet and to information technologies of communication (ITCS) services. The growing rate of children online represents an epochal change for issues related to their personal safety and protection, as well as for their privacy rights and chances of improved life. In order to better understand the long term privacy implications of these phenomena the discussion reviews sociological studies that have investigated the structure of friendships networks among adolescents, and describes theoretical frames adopted in analysing social practices concerning the private sphere. Results of these studies provide clues on how interpersonal online relations are structured and how attitudes and practices circulate across and inside different social settings. Finally, implications for privacy issues related to the upcoming Internet of Things (IoT) are debated using the case of ethical design in engineering as an alternative option to the control option exercised by governments and companies.

scholarly journals Experiences Influencing Walking Football Initiation in 55- to 75-Year-Old Adults: A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Cholerton ◽  
Jeff Breckon ◽  
Joanne Butt ◽  
Helen Quirk
Keyword(s):  
Higher Order ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Sport Policy ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Adapted Sports

Adults aged 55 and older are least likely to play sport. Despite research suggesting this population experiences physical and psychological benefits when doing so, limited research focuses on older adult sport initiation, especially in “adapted sports” such as walking football. The aim of this study was to explore initiation experiences of walking football players between 55 and 75 years old. Semistructured interviews took place with 17 older adults playing walking football for 6 months minimum (Mage = 64). Inductive analysis revealed six higher order themes representing preinitiation influences. Eight further higher order themes were found, relating to positive and negative experiences during initiation. Fundamental influences preinitiation included previous sporting experiences and values and perceptions. Emergent positive experiences during initiation included mental development and social connections. Findings highlight important individual and social influences when initiating walking football, which should be considered when encouraging 55- to 75-year-old adults to play adapted sport. Policy and practice recommendations are discussed.

scholarly journals Inclusive Social Lettings Practice: Opportunities to Enhance Independent Living for Disabled People

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-65
Author(s):  
Isobel Anderson ◽  
Dianne-Dominique Theakstone ◽  
Julia Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Explicit Recognition ◽  
Housing Needs

Appropriate housing is a key element of independent living for disabled people, yet research evidence confirms the continuing, often negative, impact of unsuitable housing on their lives. This article examines access to social rented housing as a route to independent living, through a study of lettings practice for accessible and adapted homes. Drawing on the social and social-relational models of disability, the study adopted a disabled-led, co-production approach. Qualitative research methods were used to compare social landlord practice and track home seeker/tenant experiences. While housing providers were proactive in reviewing policy and practice to better meet the housing needs of disabled people, there remained some ‘distance’ between landlord goals and applicant experiences. Disabled people’s extended lived experience of inappropriate housing, while waiting for a more accessible home, impacted negatively on their quality of life and physical and mental health. Social lettings policies and practice were necessarily complex, but often difficult for applicants to understand. The complexity of disabled people’s housing needs meant that the matching process for suitable housing was also complex, often requiring individualised solutions. Recommendations to improve practice include making better use of technology to improve data on accessible/adapted properties and applicant needs; flexibility in lettings practice to facilitate effective matches; and flexibility in fully recognising disabled people’s housing and independent living needs. Social rented housing remains an important mechanism for achieving disabled people’s independence. Explicit recognition of the social-relational interpretation of disability could deliver more inclusive lettings practice and achieve more sustainable tenancies.

scholarly journals The Social and Cultural Adaptation of Immigrants Within the Context of Integration into Russian Society

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 128-135
Author(s):  
Asya V. Voropaeva
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
The Social ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants ◽  
The Government ◽  
Sociological Studies

The paper covers the issue of the social and cultural adaptation and integration of immigrants into Russian society. It is based on sociological studies that were conducted in Moscow, Penza, and Tambov. The analysis of immigrants’ responses to the study reveals difference between social and cultural adaptation in the metropolis and in cities that are located in other Russian regions. These differences relate to the immigrants’ employment, financial status, attitudes towards the culture and traditions of the host community, as well as their outlook regarding society and the future. We believe that it is important to introduce a long-term targeted program in the areas of education and culture for the purpose of facilitating the further adjustment of the second generation of immigrants. We also emphasize the necessity of involving the government in addressing the issue of integrating immigrants’ cultural values in everyday life into Russian society and culture.

Privacy Awareness and the Networking Generation

2019 ◽  
pp. 1309-1332
Author(s):  
Francesca Odella
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Privacy Rights ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
The Social ◽  
Epochal Change ◽  
Ethical Design ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
Privacy Issues

The article discusses the social and privacy implications of children's access to the internet and to information technologies of communication (ITCS) services. The growing rate of children online represents an epochal change for issues related to their personal safety and protection, as well as for their privacy rights and chances of improved life. In order to better understand the long term privacy implications of these phenomena the discussion reviews sociological studies that have investigated the structure of friendships networks among adolescents, and describes theoretical frames adopted in analysing social practices concerning the private sphere. Results of these studies provide clues on how interpersonal online relations are structured and how attitudes and practices circulate across and inside different social settings. Finally, implications for privacy issues related to the upcoming Internet of Things (IoT) are debated using the case of ethical design in engineering as an alternative option to the control option exercised by governments and companies.

Physical Education Students

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Physical Education Students ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Positive Experiences

Physical education (PE) is a potentially major site for delivering physical activity (PA) and sporting opportunities to children with disabilities. Most children with disabilities are officially enrolled in inclusive PE classes with mostly able-bodied children. The purpose of this chapter is to review the psychological-oriented research done in adapted PE that speaks to the PE experiences of children with disabilities. Children with disabilities have a wide range of experiences in PE. On the negative end are reports indicating that many children with disabilities are inactive and culled off to the side of the gym or playing field because teachers are unable and unwilling to adapt the activity to include children with various disabilities. Other negative experiences include being teased; children with disabilities are seen as different. In other cases, children with disabilities are simply ignored. On a more encouraging note, children with disabilities have positive experiences and develop sport and PA skills and enjoy the social interactions of other children. Researchers have also investigated the experiences of able-bodied children that occur from interacting with children with impairments.

scholarly journals Polska gościnność w świetle zapisów autobiograficznych

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-82
Author(s):  
Dorota Rancew-Sikora
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Social ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
The One ◽  
Conditions Of Stability

The research material included about 300 episodes from 30 published sources. A targeted selection was made according to a combination of three criteria: a diversity of social positions among the authors, the biographies of the authors, and the detail of description. An analysis of the material was conducted in order to contribute to a better understanding of the social significance of hospitality. Theoretical assumptions about hospitality in conditions of stability and social crisis were advanced. The analysis showed that in times of relative stability, hospitality was biographically important when it allowed a person to transition between positions in the social structure (usually between close levels) and involved some form of promotion. On the other hand, in conditions of intensified change and crises, the order was disturbed: on the one hand, visits to the homes of persons occupying more distant positions in the hierarchy (both up and down the social ladder) became more common, but on the other hand, there could be a challenge to or rejection of traditional requirements of hospitality. The first situation occurs especially at the beginning of a crisis, and with the depletion of resources, the increase in the number of negative experiences, and socialization to a long-term threat, a survival strategy begins to take shape in which only the closest circles prevail. Such findings suggest that a more cautious look should be taken at both the theoretical concepts in which hospitality is considered a useful social invention especially in times of increased need and at the Polish self-stereotype as a nation with a culture based on hospitality, invariable generosity, and an inclination to selflessness.

Prison Visitation and the Likelihood of Post-Release Employment

2021 ◽  
pp. 001112872110226
Author(s):  
Chantal Fahmy ◽  
Matthew Gricius ◽  
Alyssa W. Chamberlain ◽  
Danielle Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Violent Offender ◽  
Social Connections ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Formerly Incarcerated ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
The Social ◽  
Stable Employment

Formerly incarcerated people have a difficult time finding employment upon release. Research has suggested the effectiveness in utilizing one’s social capital and social networks, particularly through family, as a means of securing stable employment post-prison. However, the social connections necessary—maintained via prison visitation—are often weakened due to long-term incarceration and multiple prison stints. Data from the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) are used to investigate whether individuals were able to find employment within 3 months after release. Results suggest that individuals who have committed serious crimes likely have more strained family relationships; making family members’ willingness to vouch for employment on their behalf, less likely. Implications regarding policy and practice for corrections and reentry are discussed.

scholarly journals Infant domestic adoptions followed up to adulthood: considerations with reference to British birth cohort data

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-348
Author(s):  
Alan Rushton ◽  
Barbara Maughan ◽  
Margaret Grant ◽  
Rukmen Sehmi
Keyword(s):  
Home Environment ◽  
Adopted Children ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
World War ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Internalising Problems

Studies of adult outcomes of infant domestic adoptions are considered: the range of psychological and behavioural outcomes recorded, the current state of knowledge summarised and the importance of the chosen comparison groups discussed. The social context of infant adoptions is described. Findings from our follow-ups of British infant adoptions in the post-World War 11 period are then briefly reported and set alongside the previous studies. In these follow-ups, infant adopted children were tracked up to mid-life and compared with others born in similar circumstances and with those raised in two-parent families. We summarise findings on the long-term influence of factors in the prenatal period and in the adoptive home environment. We discuss how rearing in adoptive homes may provide protective effects in relation to internalising problems, but may not be as protective in relation to externalising outcomes. Implications for adoption policy and practice are drawn out.

Positive everyday experiences interact with social support to predict depression in multiple sclerosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1039-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
GRAY A. VARGAS ◽  
PETER A. ARNETT
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Memory Bias ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
Bias Score ◽  
The Social ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBoth social support and stress predict depression in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Little work has been done on the relationship between positive life experiences and depression in this group. Ninety MS patients completed the Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ), the Hassles and Uplifts Scale (HUS), the Chicago Multiscale Depression Inventory (CMDI), and the Affective Reading Span Task (ARST). The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was also used. Separate regression analyses were conducted with the EDSS entered at step 1, ARST memory bias score at step 2, SSQ at step 3, either Hassles or Uplifts at step 4, and the interaction term at step 5 to predict depression. Uplifts interacted significantly with social support to predict depression, but hassles did not. After considering disability level, memory bias, and social support and uplifts main effects, the interaction of uplifts and social support accounted for nearly 5% independent variance in depression (p < .05). These results suggest that the absence of uplifts, combined with low levels of social support, is related to depression in MS patients. More generally, these data indicate that it is important to study the absence of positive experiences along with stress and negative experiences in this population. (JINS, 2010, 16, 1039–1046.)

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