scholarly journals Consumer Willingness to Pay for “Second-Generation” Genetically Engineered Products and the Role of Marketing Information

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Rousu ◽  
Daniel C. Monchuk ◽  
Jason F. Shogren ◽  
Katherine M. Kosa
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
Marketing Information ◽  
The Right ◽  
The U.S

Environmental and consumer groups have called for mandatory labeling of genetically engineered (GE) food products in the United States, stating that consumers have the “right to know.” Herein, we use a nonhypothetical field experiment to examine the willingness to pay for GE-labeled products, using the only second-generation GE product currently on the U.S. market—GE cigarettes. Our results suggest consumers pay less for GE-labeled cigarettes when marketing information is absent. But, when presented with marketing information on the attributes of the cigarette, we find no evidence that consumers pay less for GE-labeled cigarettes.

Legislative Proposals for Reversing the Cancer Epidemic and Controlling Run-Away Industrial Technologies

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel S. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
Legislative Proposals ◽  
Democratic Rights ◽  
Genetically Engineered Food ◽  
The Right

An interlocking legislative complex is proposed for the control of carcinogenic and other adverse impacts of established run-away petrochemical and radionuclear technologies, with particular reference to winning the losing war against cancer. These proposals are also applicable to the poorly recognized, potentially adverse public health and environmental hazards of emerging technologies, particularly genetically engineered food production. The proposals embody fundamental democratic rights—the right to know and balanced and transparent decision making—the “Precautionary Principle,” reduction in the use of toxics, incentives for the development of safe industrial technologies, and criminal sanctions for suppression or manipulation of information.

The Right to Know, The Right to be Counted, The Right to Resist: Cancer, AIDS, and the Politics of Privacy and Surveillance in Post-War America

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-64
Author(s):  
Amy L. Fairchild
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
National Security ◽  
The United States ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
The Face ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Right

The practice of public health begins with surveillance, the identification of individuals with disease. But while not all efforts to monitor morbidity and mortality entail formal notification of individual cases, the name-based reporting of individuals always involves a breach of privacy. The pitched battles over surveillance that marked the first two decades of the AIDS epidemic and, indeed, more recent global debates over the reach of the surveillance state in the name of national security might suggest a kind of timeless, furious battle on the part of those who would be subject to surveillance to defend a 'right to be left alone.' But just as often, indeed, perhaps more often, citizens have claimed a right to be counted, demanding surveillance in the face of unknown health threats. In either case, however, in the United States, regardless of whether communities pushed for or against disease reporting, marked citizen engagement has shaped the politics of surveillance since the 1970s. To be sure, privacy was always at stake. But so, too, were what activists conceived of as the right to be counted and the right to know.

Part II The Right to Know, A General Principles, Principle 3 The Duty to Preserve Memory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viebach Julia
Keyword(s):  
Case Law ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Truth Commissions ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
History Of ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
Transitional Processes ◽  
The Right

Principle 3 is concerned with the duty to preserve memory, which falls under the rubric of ‘the right to know’. This principle recognizes the role of collective memory in transitional processes, attests to a people’s right to know ‘the history of its oppression’ as part of its heritage, and calls upon the state’s duty to preserve archives and other evidence. This chapter first provides a historical background and an overview of the contemporary context in which Principle 3 is applied before outlining its normative framework, focusing on case law and truth commissions. It also analyzes the applications of the Principle in practice and argues that the duty to preserve memory has only implicitly been addressed under either symbolic reparations in truth-seeking processes or under satisfaction in jurisprudence. It contends that this approach over-simplifies the collective and societal level and neglects the dangers and complexity of memorialization in transitional contexts.

The Right to Know in Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, and the United States

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
The United States ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
Freedom Of Information Act ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
The Right

It was acknowledged in the 1997 White Paper Your Right To Know that the United Kingdom could learn much from the experience of other countries with established FOI regimes. The draftsman of the Freedom of Information Act 2000 had regard to the statutory schemes of five such countries whose jurisprudence has precedent value in our courts: Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, and the United States. Chapter 25 looks at their different approaches to the fundamental elements of any FOI regime, and gives examples of how their courts have interpreted and applied the respective statutes. The chapter notes common themes and recurrent sources of controversy, notably delays in responding to requests, charges for access, and the position of affected third parties. It traces how the legislation in each country has been adapted over the years, and where there is pressure for yet further reforms.

The Right To Know In The Workplace

1982 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 177-210
Author(s):  
Ruth R. Faden ◽  
Tom L. Beauchamp
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Federal Agencies ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
Hazardous Chemical ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
The Right ◽  
The U.S

In recent years, the right of employees to know about health hazards in the workplace has emerged as a major issue in occupational health policy. A general consensus has gradually evolved that there is a right to know, and correlatively that there is a moral obligation to disclose relevant information to workers. For example, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), and several other U.S. federal agencies, informed the U.S. Senate as early as July 1977 that ‘workers have the right to know whether or not they are exposed to hazardous chemical and physical agents regulated by the Federal Government.’ In 1980, the Occupational Safety and Health Adminstration (OSHA) promulgated regulations guaranteeing workers access to medical and exposure records.

scholarly journals Role of ombudsman institution in forming a culture of human rights

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-104
Author(s):  
E. M. Pavlenko
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
High Commissioner ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Right

The article considers the formation of a culture of human rights as a guarantee of constitutional norm on the highest value of a person, his/ her rights and freedoms. Considerable attention is paid to the activities of the High Commissioner for Human Rights in the Russian Federation in this direction, including those directed to ensuring the right to know one's rights. A number of proposals for the Commissioner's further work in this area have been formulated.

Part II The Right to Know, B Commissions of Inquiry, Principle 6 The Establishment and Role of Truth Commissions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuzov Ilya ◽  
Freeman Mark
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Truth Commissions ◽  
Truth Commission ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
Commissions Of Inquiry ◽  
The Right

Principle 6 is concerned with the establishment and role of truth commissions, outlined in two paragraphs. The Principle recommends criteria that can be applied ‘to the greatest extent possible’. The first paragraph encompasses three different aspects of the issue: the preliminary ‘decision to establish a truth commission’, the subsequent creation of its ‘terms of reference’, and the related determination of its ‘composition’. In the second paragraph, the term ‘role’ refers to the functional end-goal that a commission is expected to serve: ‘securing recognition of such parts of the truth as were formerly denied’. After providing a historical and contextual background on Principle 6, this chapter discusses its theoretical framework and the ways in which the Principle is exercised in practice.

scholarly journals Informed Consent Position in Doctor and Patient Relationship

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Inensa Khoirul Harap
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Is Research ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
Consent Document ◽  
The Right

Awareness of risks may be interpreted as a patient's approval in the context of submitting the doctor's schedule with the necessary details for making an appointment or an informed refuse. Prior to signing the consent document, the agreement, the prospective student already confirmed that she understood the terms and conditions. to let the patient understand anything before doing it, and when making the judgment, the patient should make the most of any of an exhaustive information (informed decision). The kinds of studies found in this paper are what lawyers refer to as "normative" studies. The nature of this analysis is informative, and is research that outlines, discusses, illustrates, and analyzes legal rules pertaining to the role of consent in the doctor and patient's relationship. Patients are given the right to know regarding the medical activities, outlined in Regulation Minister of Health (Per) No. 290 on Approval of Medical Actions, prior to accessing treatment. As seen from the standpoint of the idea of unauthorized consent (considered given), the patient-doctor partnership becomes complicated. This issue revolves around the concept of informed consent, which is essentially an assumption that the patient has already agreed to carry out medical procedures with the doctor prior to seeking medical treatment.

“I’m Schizophrenic!”

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Luhrmann
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social World ◽  
Individual Rights ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
Erving Goffman ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
Diagnostic Label ◽  
The Right

One of the challenges of living with schizophrenia in the United States is the clear identity conferred by the diagnostic label itself. In a society so acutely aware of individual rights, care involves explicit diagnosis. After all, a patient has the right to know. But the label “schizophrenia” is often toxic for those who acquire it. It creates not only what Erving Goffman called a “spoiled identity” but also an identity framed in opposition to the broader social world. This chapter illustrates this challenge through the life of a man who struggles with this illness.

Environmental Protection Agency

2014 ◽  
pp. 363-377
Author(s):  
Amanda Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Library Network ◽  
The Right

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provides access to information on a variety of topics related to the environment and strives to inform citizens of health risks. The EPA also has an extensive library network that consists of 26 libraries throughout the United States, which provide access to a plethora of information to EPA employees, scientists, and researchers. The EPA implemented a reorganization project to digitize their materials so they would be more accessible to a wider range of users, but this plan was drastically accelerated when the EPA was threatened with a budget cut. It chose to close and reduce the hours and services of some of their libraries. As a result, the agency was accused of denying users the “right to know” by making information unavailable, not providing an adequate strategic plan, and discarding vital materials. This case study explores the background of the digitization project, the practices implemented, and the critiques of the project.

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