Associations between cognitive errors and mental health status in New Zealand adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-290
Author(s):  
Tatiana Tairi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Cognitive Errors ◽  
Cognitive Error

AbstractBackground:Cognitive models of psychopathology suggest that negatively biased thinking styles are involved in the development and maintenance of emotional disturbances.Aims:The present study examined the relationships between negative cognitive errors and indices of mental health status (i.e. anxiety and depression) in New Zealand adolescents.Method:A community sample of 490 youth aged 16–18 years completed an anonymous online survey consisting of the Children’s Negative Cognitive Error Questionnaire (CNCEQ), the Trait subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).Results:Negative cognitive errors correlated positively with greater levels of anxious and depressive symptoms. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that overall cognitive error score was a strong predictor of adolescents’ self-reported anxious symptoms and, to a lesser extent, depressive symptoms. Moreover, cognitive errors significantly differentiated between adolescents with high scores from adolescents with low scores on both the anxiety (STAI-T) and the depression (CES-D) scales.Conclusions:These findings lend support to the generalizability of Beck’s cognitive theory to a New Zealand adolescent population and highlight the importance of focusing on prevention and early intervention programmes that directly target these faulty or biased ways of thinking in adolescents with anxious and/or depressive symptoms before meeting diagnostic criteria.

scholarly journals Immediate psychological responses during the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic among Bangladeshi medical students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Tasdik Hasan ◽  
Sahadat Hossain ◽  
Farhana Safa
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Potential Contribution

Background: The most recent global pandemic of COVID-19 has been creating multidimensional damages, including a detrimental impact on the mental health status of individuals. Medical students, a vulnerable cross-section of the population, may have perceived a myriad of psychological stressors during this crisis in the background of their prevailing stressful academic pressure and preexisting higher psychological and mental health issue.Objective: To determine the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms and to elucidate the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on Bangladeshi medical students.Method: A cross-sectional study design was utilized to conduct this survey. The online survey including demographic questions, COVID-19 related questions, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS; higher scores on the subscales indicate higher levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms), was completed by 425 Bangladeshi medical students. Collected data were statistically analyzed by using SPSS (version 25.0) software.Result: The HADS anxiety subscale revealed that 65.9% of the medical students had different levels of anxiety, ranging from mild (27.3%), moderate (26.8%), and severe (11.8%). As per HADS depression subscale, 49.9% of the medical students had varying degrees of depressive symptoms, with 3.3% of the participants had suffered from severely severe depressive symptoms. Female students had a relatively more anxiety and depressive symptoms, when compared with males. The students, who were severely tensed of getting infected by the virus, were at higher risk of suffering from anxiety (3.5-fold) and depressive (2.7-fold) symptoms, when compared with no/minimally stressed students. Besides, fear of getting assaulted or humiliated on the way to hospital or home, not to be able to give maximum concentration on study after COVID-19 pandemic, students’ present emotional status (agitation), had statistically significant higher risk of anxiety.Conclusion: A substantial proportion of Bangladeshi medical students are experiencing pandemic-related adverse psychological impact. The poor mental health conditions of these vulnerable medical students pose important threat to their potential contribution in future health care. Thus, medical colleges and health authorities should focus on addressing their psychological needs and formulate effective strategies to ameliorate medical students’ mental health status, particularly during any infectious disease outbreak.

scholarly journals Mediation effect of depressive symptoms in the relationship between perceived control and wellbeing in patients with heart failure and their partners

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 527-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Liljeroos ◽  
Anna Strömberg ◽  
Kristofer Årestedt ◽  
Misook L Chung
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
The Relationship

Background: As treatment has improved, patients with heart failure live longer, and the care mostly takes place at home with partners providing the main assistance. Perceived control over heart failure is important in managing self-care activities to maintain health in patients and their family. Depressive symptoms are associated with impaired health status in patients with heart failure and their family. However, there is limited knowledge about how depressive symptoms affect the relationship between health status and perceived control over heart failure in patients with heart failure and their cohabiting partners. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine whether the relationship between perceived control and health status (i.e. mental and physical) was mediated by depressive symptoms in patients with heart failure and their partners. Methods: In this secondary data analysis, we included 132 heart failure patients and 132 partners who completed measures of depressive symptoms (the Beck depression inventory II), perceived control (the control attitude scale), and physical and mental health status (the short form-36) instruments. The mediation effect of depression was examined using a series of multiple regression in patients and their family caregivers separately. Results: We found a mediator effect of depressive symptoms in the relationship between perceived control and mental health status in both patients and partners. The relationship between perceived control and physical health status was mediated by depressive symptoms in the patients, not in the partners. Conclusion: Efforts to improve self-care management and maintenance by targeting perceived control may be more effective if depressive symptoms are also effectively managed.

scholarly journals 2313

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 73-73
Author(s):  
Nikhil Satchidanand ◽  
Jeffrey Fine ◽  
Gregory S. Cherr
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Physical And Mental Health

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: To explore associations among bio-psychosocial factors predictive of overall physical and mental health status as assessed using the SF-12 Health Survey. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Community-dwelling, male and female elders with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) were administered an assessment battery to identify factors associated with self-assessed physical and mental health status using the SF-12 Health Survey. The battery included an assessment of pain, depressive symptoms, perceived social support, perceived psychological stress, physical function, as well as selected demographic variables. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Preliminary linear regression analyses have identified several factors predictive of physical and mental health status including depressive symptoms, pain, perceived stress, and physical function. A more in-depth examination using path analysis is anticipated to reveal important mediational associations, wherein physical function is a strong mediator between bio-psychosocial factors and overall physical and mental health status. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Aging is often associated with a reduction in physical and mental well-being, frequently exacerbated by the development and progression of chronic disease. PAD is a common chronic condition that places significant burden on the older patient and their family. Identifying and developing a more in-depth understanding of the factors that impact health status in PAD is an important and timely objective. We anticipate that our findings will inform development of more targeted and effective intervention strategies we can employ to improve the quality of life among elders struggling to manage PAD.

The Relationship between Sexual Assault, Religiosity, and Mental Health among Male Veterans

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bei-Hung Chang ◽  
Katherine M Skinner ◽  
Chunmei Zhou ◽  
Lewis E. Kazis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Stressful Life Event ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Religious Service ◽  
Religious Service Attendance ◽  
Male Veterans

Objectives: We examine the association between sexual assault, religion and mental health among male veterans. Methods: We used longitudinal data collected from 2,427 male veterans who received VA outpatient care. Sexual assault was self-reported in the questionnaire. Two dimensions of religiosity were used: organizational (frequency of religious service attendance) and subjective religiosity (the extent that religious beliefs are a source of strength or comfort). Mental health was measured by the mental component summary from the Veterans SF-36 and depression was measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale. A regression model that uses the generalized estimating equation approach for longitudinal repeated data analysis was used. Results: Based on the baseline data, 96 (4%) patients reported ever experiencing sexual assault. These patients have significantly lower levels of mental health status and higher levels of depression ( p < .001). The regression results show that this decrement in mental health and increment in depression associated with sexual assault are in lesser degrees for patients who attended religious service more frequently compared to those who never did ( p < .05). Similarly, there is a smaller magnitude of increment in depression associated with sexual assault for those who have a higher level of subjective religiosity ( p < .05). Conclusions: Although the prevalence of self reported sexual assault is low among male veterans, those who reported sexual assault experiences had lower levels of mental health status and higher levels of depression. Further, religion attenuates this association which highlights the important role religion might have in coping with this stressful life event.

scholarly journals Does service timing matter for psychological outcomes in cardiac rehabilitation? Insights from the National Audit of Cardiac Rehabilitation

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Sumner ◽  
Jan R Böhnke ◽  
Patrick Doherty
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Wait Time ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
National Audit

Background The presence of mental health conditions in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) patients such as anxiety and depression can lead to reduced programme adherence, increased mortality and increased re-occurrence of cardiovascular events undermining the aims and benefit of CR. Earlier research has identified a relationship between delayed commencement of CR and poorer physical activity outcomes. This study wished to explore whether a similar relationship between CR wait time and mental health outcomes can be found and to what degree participation in CR varies by mental health status. Methods Data from the UK National Audit of Cardiac Rehabilitation, a dataset that captures information on routine CR practice and patient outcomes, was extracted between 2012 and 2016. Logistic and multinomial regression models were used to explore the relationship between timing of CR and mental health outcomes measured on the hospital anxiety and depression scale. Results The results of this study showed participation in CR varied by mental health status, particularly in relation to completion of CR, with a higher proportion of non-completers with symptoms of anxiety (5% higher) and symptoms of depression (8% higher). Regression analyses also revealed that delays to CR commencement significantly impact mental health outcomes post-CR. Conclusion In these analyses CR wait time has been shown to predict the outcome of anxiety and depression status to the extent that delays in starting CR are detrimental. Programmes falling outside the 4-week window for commencement of CR following referral must strive to reduce wait times to avoid negative impacts to patient outcome.

Association between Bullying and Mental Health Status in New Zealand Adolescents

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Coggan ◽  
Sara Bennett ◽  
Rhonda Hooper ◽  
Pauline Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Mental Health Status

scholarly journals Childhood familial environment and adulthood depression: evidence from a Chinese population-based study

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-316
Author(s):  
Qin Zhou ◽  
Zhichao Yin ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Ning Li
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Familial Environment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Mental disorders have become an important public health issue and evidence is lacking on the impact of childhood experience on adulthood mental health in regions of low and middle income. Using national representative data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, we aimed to explore the impact of childhood familial environment on adulthood depression. Methods A total of 19 485 subjects were interviewed. The survey collected information on demographic variables, variables of childhood familial environment and potential pathway variables, including childhood health status, adulthood physical health status, adulthood social support and adulthood socio-economic status (SES). Depressive symptoms were measured by the 10-item version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Results Parents’ physical and mental health during the subjects’ childhood were significantly associated with adulthood mental health. Mothers’ smoking, unfair treatment and low family SES were associated with higher depressive symptoms in adulthood. Childhood physical and mental health status, adulthood physical health and adulthood SES might be important mediators in the pathways of childhood familial environment affecting adulthood depressive symptoms. Conclusions This study is the first to explore the relationship of childhood familial environment and adulthood depression in China. The results indicate that parents’ physical and mental health, health behaviour and treatment equity among children a important predictors for adult depression.

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