An evaluation of a group-based cognitive behavioural therapy intervention for low self-esteem

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Samantha Swartzman ◽  
Jenny Kerr ◽  
Rowena McElhinney
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

Abstract Background: Self-esteem is a common factor in many mental health problems, including anxiety and depression. A cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)-based protocol called ‘Overcoming Low Self-Esteem’ is available; the use of this protocol in a group format has been associated with improvements in self-esteem. However, it is unclear whether improvements persist after the end of a group-based version of this programme. Aims: We aimed to assess whether changes in self-esteem, anxiety and depression persist 3 months after the end of a group version of the Overcoming Low Self-Esteem programme. Method: Using data from the National Health Service in Fife, Scotland, we analysed whether there were improvements on self-report measures of self-esteem, anxiety and depression from the beginning of the group to the end of the group and at a follow-up session 3 months later. Results: Significant improvements in self-esteem, anxiety and depression are maintained at 3 months follow-up. Conclusions: The Overcoming Low Self-Esteem group seems to be associated with improved self-esteem, anxiety and depression. However, further research from randomised controlled trials is needed to establish a causal link between the programme and improved psychological outcomes.

Group Therapy for Self-Esteem, Using Creative Approaches and Metaphor as Clinical Tools

2006 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz Rigby ◽  
Sandy Waite
Keyword(s):  
Group Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Learning Evaluation ◽  
Qualitative Feedback ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Clinical Tools ◽  
Increasing Demand

This was a cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) group for formulation and treatment of low self-esteem, with emphasis on the use of creative approaches (stories, metaphors and experiential exercises) to enhance memory and learning. Evaluation of outcome for 72 clients attending these groups indicates that this is a successful intervention in terms of self-esteem, anxiety and depression. Qualitative feedback has been very positive and there has been a steady and increasing demand in terms of referrals.

scholarly journals One-day cognitive–behavioural therapy self-confidence workshops for people with depression: randomised controlled trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 204 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Horrell ◽  
Kimberley A. Goldsmith ◽  
André T. Tylee ◽  
Ulrike H. Schmidt ◽  
Caroline L. Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Randomised Controlled

BackgroundDespite its high prevalence, help-seeking for depression is low.AimsTo assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of 1-day cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) self-confidence workshops in reducing depression. Anxiety, self-esteem, prognostic indicators as well as access were also assessed.MethodAn open randomised controlled trial (RCT) waiting list control design with 12-week follow-up was used (trial registration: ISRCTN26634837). A total of 459 adult participants with depression (Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores of 14) self-referred and 382 participants (83%) were followed up.ResultsAt follow-up, experimental and control participants differed significantly on the BDI, with an effect size of 0.55. Anxiety and self-esteem also differed. Of those who participated, 25% were GP non-consulters and 32% were from Black and minority ethnic groups. Women benefited more than men on depression scores. The intervention has a 90% chance of being considered cost-effective if a depression-free day is valued at £14.ConclusionsSelf-confidence workshops appear promising in terms of clinical effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and access by difficult-to-engage groups.

Depression, Anxiety and Self-esteem: A Clinical Field Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise A. Nisbet Wallis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Central Coast ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour

AbstractThe Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Group Program at Central Coast Mental Health Specialty Clinics includes treatments for generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder and depression. This study provides empirical validation for hypotheses developed in clinical controlled studies; that is, that cognitive-behaviour therapy provided benefits in the treatment of anxiety and depression in a service setting. This would be reflected in decreases in the symptoms of anxiety and depression and increased self-esteem. Participants (N = 139) were referred to Specialty Clinics, Central Coast Mental Health Services for treatment for depression and/or anxiety in CBT groups. They were tested on the BDI, STAI and the SERS at three time points, prior to entering the group, at termination of the group and at 3-month follow-up. Depression and anxiety symptoms decreased and self-esteem increased between pre- and post-group and the trends continued to 3-month follow-up.

scholarly journals Treating anxiety and depression in older adults: randomised controlled trial comparing guided V. self-guided internet-delivered cognitive–behavioural therapy

BJPsych Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nickolai Titov ◽  
Vincent J. Fogliati ◽  
Lauren G. Staples ◽  
Milena Gandy ◽  
Luke Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Randomised Controlled

BackgroundSymptoms of anxiety and depression are prevalent in older adults.AimsTo compare clinician-guided and self-guided versions of a transdiagnostic internet-delivered cognitive–behavioural therapy (iCBT) intervention for adults aged 60 years and above.MethodAdults (n=433) with symptoms of anxiety and depression were randomly allocated to: (1) clinician-guided treatment (n=153); (2) initial clinician interview followed by self-guided treatment (n=140); or (3) self-guided treatment without interview (n=140).ResultsLarge reductions (d ≥1.00) in symptoms of depression and anxiety were observed across groups, and sustained at follow-up. No differences were observed in clinical outcomes or satisfaction ratings. Age did not affect outcomes.ConclusionsCarefully developed iCBT interventions may significantly reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression in older adults when delivered in either clinician-guided or self-guided formats.

Group cognitive behavioural therapy for children with anxiety disorder – an evaluation of the ‘Friends for Youth’ programme

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finian O'Brien ◽  
Nollaig Olden ◽  
Maria Migone ◽  
Barbara Dooley ◽  
Louise Atkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Parental Anxiety ◽  
Group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Manifest Anxiety

AbstractObjectives: This study evaluated the effectiveness of group cognitive behavioural therapy (GCBT) for the treatment of anxiety disorders in children over an initial period of 12 weeks and to one-month follow-up. Parents of the children receiving GCBT participated in adjunctive psycho-education sessions and the effect of these sessions on parental anxiety was also evaluated.Methods: Participants were 12 children, six male and six female, aged between 11 and 15 years who were attending a child mental health service. Participants were interviewed with their parents and anxiety symptoms assessed, using the following measures: Anxiety Disorder Interview Schedule – revised, the Children's Depression Inventory, the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale, the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory and the Child Behaviour Checklist. Parental anxiety levels were assessed using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. The 12 children were randomly assigned into two age- and sex-matched groups. While the first group received therapy, the second group acted as a treatment-as-usual control (TAU) group. The second group began group cognitive behavioural therapy after the 10-week waiting period. All participants and their parents provided structured feedback on the intervention.Results: Group cognitive behavioural therapy was significantly effective in reducing both child-reported depressive symptoms, and anxiety on the physiological, worry and total anxiety subscales of the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale. There were associated significant increases in the childrens' subjective levels of general and total self-esteem, that relating to their self-confidence with peers and when engaging in social and academic pursuits. Diagnosis of anxiety disorder reduced by an average of 67% immediately post-treatment, and by 72% by the onemonth follow-up period. Parents reported significant reductions in their children's levels of internalising symptoms, thought and attention problems. However, parents reported no significantly positive changes in their own levels of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms.Conclusions: Group cognitive-behavioural therapy is a useful and clinically effective intervention for the treatment of anxiety disorder in children.

scholarly journals Hydrocortisone as an adjunct to brief cognitive-behavioural therapy for specific fear: Endocrine and cognitive biomarkers as predictors of symptom improvement

2021 ◽  
pp. 026988112110010
Author(s):  
Susann Steudte-Schmiedgen ◽  
Emily Fay ◽  
Liliana Capitao ◽  
Clemens Kirschbaum ◽  
Andrea Reinecke
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Threat Bias ◽  
Spider Fear ◽  
Threat Processing ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Specific Fear

Background: Glucocorticoid (GC) administration prior to exposure-based cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) has emerged as a promising approach to facilitate treatment outcome in anxiety disorders. Further components relevant for improved CBT efficacy include raised endogenous GCs and reductions in information-processing biases to threat. Aims: To investigate hydrocortisone as an adjunct to CBT for spider fear and the modulating role of threat bias change and endogenous short-term and long-term GCs for treatment response. Methods: Spider-fearful individuals were randomized to receiving either 20 mg of hydrocortisone ( n = 17) or placebo ( n = 16) one hour prior to single-session predominantly computerised exposure-based CBT. Spider fear was assessed using self-report and behavioural approach measures at baseline, 1-day and 1-month follow-up. Threat processing was assessed at baseline and 1-day follow-up. Cortisol and cortisone were analysed from hair and saliva samples at baseline. Results/outcomes: Self-report, behavioural and threat processing indices improved following CBT. Hydrocortisone augmentation resulted in greater improvement of self-report spider fear and stronger increase in speed when approaching a spider, but not on threat bias. Neither threat bias nor endogenous GCs predicted symptom change, and no interactive effects with hydrocortisone emerged. Preliminary evidence indicated higher hair cortisone as predictor of a stronger threat bias reduction. Conclusions/interpretation: Our data extend earlier findings by suggesting that GC administration boosts the success of exposure therapy for specific fear even with a low-level therapist involvement. Future studies corroborating our result of a predictive hair GC relationship with threat bias change in larger clinical samples are needed.

scholarly journals Treatment of compulsive buying disorder: comparing the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy with person-centred experiential counselling

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Stephen Kellett ◽  
Pippa Oxborough ◽  
Chris Gaskell
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Compulsive Buying ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Experiential Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Compulsive Buying Disorder

Abstract Background: Outcome studies of the treatment of compulsive buying disorder (CBD) have rarely compared the effectiveness of differing active treatments. Aims: This study sought to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and person-centred experiential therapy (PCE) in a cross-over design. Method: This was an ABC single case experimental design with extended follow-up with a female patient meeting diagnostic criteria for CBD. Ideographic CBD outcomes were intensively measured over a continuous 350-day time series. Following a 1-month baseline assessment phase (A; 28 days; three sessions), CBT was delivered via 13 out-patient sessions (B: 160 days) and then PCE was delivered via six out-patient sessions (C: 63 days). There was a 99-day follow-up period. Results: Frequency and duration of compulsive buying episodes decreased during active treatment. CBT and PCE were both highly effective compared with baseline for reducing shopping obsessions, excitement about shopping, compulsion to shop and improving self-esteem. When the PCE and CBT treatment phases were compared against each other, few differences were apparent in terms of outcome. There was no evidence of any relapse over the follow-up period. A reliable and clinically significant change on the primary nomothetic measure (i.e. Compulsive Buying Scale) was retained over time. Conclusions: The study suggests that both CBT and PCE can be effective for CBD. Methodological limitations and suggestions for future CBD outcome research are discussed.

Manualised Cognitive–Behavioural Therapy in the Intensive Treatment of Adolescent Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danay Savva ◽  
Clare Rees
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Global Functioning ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

AbstractThis article offers a preliminary investigation of the delivery of an intensive version of manualised cognitive–behavioural therapy for adolescent obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). The aim was to address issues of treatment accessibility within the area, including a shortage of therapists who feel competent and possess the expertise to successfully deliver these protocols. Two male adolescents, with a principal diagnosis of OCD, participated in eight weekly 150-minute sessions. A series of diagnostic, symptom severity, global functioning, and self-report measures were completed at pretreatment, across treatment weeks, at posttreatment, and at 6-week follow-up. Further, monitoring of multiple baselines across behaviours for each adolescent across treatment weeks served to extend results beyond mere end points. Process issues specific to each adolescent, his family, and the therapeutic relationship were considered. Along with the overall outcome results, such information aimed to provide useful data for clinicians interested in implementing the program. Reductions in OCD symptomology and symptom severity for both participants at posttreatment and at 6-week follow-up suggest that an intensive format of treatment delivery might benefit some adolescents.

Cognitive behavioural therapy for co-morbid anxiety and depression in heart failure: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Slaughter ◽  
Chris Allen
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Clinical Services ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

Abstract Heart failure increases the likelihood of an individual experiencing co-morbid anxiety and depression, which can affect their physical as well as mental health. There is a need to develop non-pharmacological interventions for the psychological consequences of heart failure. Evidence shows that cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) can be helpful, but there is less clarity about CBT’s effectiveness for people with heart failure who have complex multi-morbid difficulties. This paper presents a case report of a man with heart failure. He was part of a research trial for cardiac resynchronisation therapy with defibrillation (CRT-D), after other physical procedures had been unsuccessful, and was experiencing severe anxiety and moderately severe depression. The intervention used was based on transdiagnostic CBT, provided at home over six sessions. Self-report measures were completed at each session and at 3-month follow-up. A measure of his use of clinical services was also carried out at pre-, post- and 3-month follow up. Post-intervention, the client showed non-clinical levels of depression and anxiety and these improvements were maintained at 3 months. Use of clinical services also reduced, with fewer admissions to hospital and fewer visits by specialist nurses and GPs. This case suggests that CBT, and particularly transdiagnostic CBT, can be helpful in reducing anxiety and depression in people with heart failure. Further work evaluating the impact on quality of life and the utility of this approach with a wider group of people with heart failure and psychological distress would be advantageous. Key learning aims (1) Depression and anxiety are prevalent in people with heart failure. (2) Cognitive behavioural therapy can be an effective intervention for reducing depression and anxiety in people living with heart failure. (3) There are benefits to integrating care with this population because they present with interlinked physical and psychological needs.

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