The effects of dietary protein and energy levels of diets offered during lactation on the lactational and subsequent reproductive performance of first-litter sows

1996 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Tritton ◽  
R. H. King ◽  
R. G. Campbell ◽  
A. C. Edwards ◽  
P. E. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Dietary Level ◽  
Dietary Amino Acids ◽  
Voluntary Food Intake

AbstractA total of 315 first parity sows were used in two experiments to establish the lactational and subsequent reproductive performance of first-litter sows in response to varying levels of dietary amino acids and digestible energy (DE) offered during lactation. In the first experiment, sows were offered five diets ranging in lysine content from 6·2 to 15·1 g/kg. In the second experiment sows were offered five diets with a similar lysine: DE ratio (0·88 to 0·85 g/MJ) but ranging in DE content from 12·6 to 15·1 MJ/kg. Voluntary food intake during lactation was unaffected by lysine or DE content of the diets. Piglet pre-weaning growth was similarly unaffected by dietary DE content but responded in a curvilinear manner with increasing dietary lysine. Sow body-weight loss during lactation was unaffected by dietary lysine but declined with increasing DE content up to 13·8 MJ/kg. Backfat loss was lowest for sows offered the lowest lysine diet and tended to reach a plateau at a dietary level of 10·6 g lysine per kg. In response to dietary DE content, backfat loss tended to be highest for sows offered the diet of lowest DE content and declined with increasing DE content up to 15·1 MJ DE per kg. The subsequent weaning to remating interval was unaffected by dietary DE content. Subsequent litter size was similarly unaffected by dietary DE content but was significantly higher for sows offered the two higher, compared with the two lower, lysine diets (10·7 v. 9·6 born alive, s.e.d. 0·5, P < 0·05). The results suggest that current amino acid recommendations for lactating first-litter sows are inappropriate and may be constraining both milk production and subsequent reproductive performance.

scholarly journals Oxidation of an indicator amino acid by young pigs receiving diets with varying levels of lysine or threonine, and an assessment of amino acid requirements

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyu-Il Kim ◽  
James I. Elliott ◽  
Henry S. Bayley
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Dietary Level ◽  
Dietary Amino Acids ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements

1. The catabolism of [14C]phenylalanine was used to indicate the effects of varying the dietary level of lysine and threonine on the retention of dietary amino acids by 2-week-old pigs receiving diets containing skim milk and a mixture of free amino acids.2. Reducing the dietary level of lysine from 16 to 12 g/kg had no influence on phenylalanine oxidation, reducing the lysine level from 12 to 11 then to 10 g/kg caused an almost linear increase in phenylalanine oxidation whereas further reduction to 9 or 8 g/kg resulted in a less-marked increase in phenylalanine oxidation. This showed that 12 g lysine/kg was required to maximize amino acid retention and indicated that lysine was conserved more effectively at low dietary concentrations than at dietary concentrations approaching the requirement.3. Reducing the dietary level of threonine from 8 to 6 g/kg had no influence on phenylalanine oxidation, whereas further reduction to 4 g/kg caused a linear increase in phenylalanine catabolism showing that 6 g threonine/kg was required to maximize amino acid retention.4. Reduction of the levels of lysine, threonine and methionine from the generous levels characteristic of a diet containing 240 g protein from skim milk/kg, to the requirement levels determined separately in the presence of the generous levels of all the other amino acids, resulted in a twofold increase in phenylalanine catabolism. This shows that the pig seems able to conserve limiting intakes of a single amino acid, but not if the intakes of two or three amino acids are limiting.

scholarly journals Body Weight Loss and Tissue Wasting in Late Middle-Aged Mice on Slightly Imbalanced Essential/Non-essential Amino Acids Diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Corsetti ◽  
Evasio Pasini ◽  
Claudia Romano ◽  
Riccardo Calvani ◽  
Anna Picca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aged Mice

scholarly journals Effect of Body Weight Loss During a Molt on Second Cycle Reproductive Performance of Turkey Hens ,

1986 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 1886-1890 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.T. CLEAVER ◽  
V.L. CHRISTENSEN ◽  
J.F. ORT
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Body Weight Loss

The effect of different proportions of protein and antibiotic in the diet on reproductive performance of indigenous pigs in Nigeria

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Ilori
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Dietary Level ◽  
Protein Levels

SummaryOne hundred and twelve indigenous gilts and sows were used in two trials to study the effects of strepcillin (a mixture of streptomycin and penicillin) at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 g/t feed in a basal 15% protein diet and strepcillin at 0, 25, and 50g/t feed in rations containing 12, 15 and 18% protein, on the reproductive performance of pigs.Reproductive performance in terms of sow net gain in weight through the reproductive cycle, average birth weight of live pigs per litter and number of pigs weaned per litter were significantly affected by antibiotic levels. The dietary level of 50 g antibiotic/t feed gave the highest reproductive performance though at higher levels no adverse effects on reproductive performance were obtained.Reproductive performance of pigs was significantly influenced by protein and antibiotic levels. A significant interaction between antibiotic and protein levels was obtained for weight loss in sows at parturition and lactation, net gain in weight through the reproductive cycle, total and live pigs farrowed per litter.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF DIETARY PROTEIN AND ENERGY LEVELS ON PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF LACTATING BUFFALOES

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 243-252
Author(s):  
H. Gaafar ◽  
K. El-Riedy ◽  
E. Abdel-Raouf ◽  
M. Bendary ◽  
G. Ghanem
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Lactating Buffaloes

scholarly journals The role of elevated branched chain amino acids in the potent effects of vertical sleeve gastrectomy to reduce weight and improve glucose regulation in mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadejda Bozadjieva Kramer ◽  
Simon S. Evers ◽  
Jae Hoon Shin ◽  
Sierra Silverwood ◽  
Yibin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Circulating Levels

AbstractObesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) are growing epidemics resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. An emerging body of evidence has shown that elevated levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and their metabolites are strongly positively associated with obesity, insulin-resistance and T2D. Bariatric surgery is among the best treatments for weight loss and the alleviation of T2D. Additionally, clinical studies have reported that bariatric surgery decreases the circulating levels of BCAA. The objective of these studies was to test the hypothesis that reduced BCAA levels contribute to the metabolic improvements after VSG. We find that, as in humans, circulating BCAA levels are significantly lower in VSG rats and mice compared to Sham controls. In order to increase circulating BCAA levels, we tested mice with either increased dietary intake of BCAA or impaired BCAA catabolism by total body deletion of mitochondrial phosphatase 2C, Pp2cm, a key enzyme in the rate-limiting step in BCAA catabolism. Our results show that a decrease in circulating BCAA levels is not necessary for sustained body weight loss and improved glucose tolerance after VSG. While it is clear that circulating levels of BCAAs are excellent biomarkers for metabolic status, the current data do not support a causal role in determining metabolic regulation and the response to VSG.

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