Re-evaluation of the vitamin E requirements of juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus ✕ O. aureus)

2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Y. Shiau ◽  
L. F. Shiau
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Protein Deposition

AbstractA 10-week feeding trial was conducted to re-evaluate the level of dietary vitamin E (DL- α-tocopheryl acetate) that was adequate for juvenile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus ✕ O. aureus given diets containing two dietary lipid concentrations. Purified diets with eight levels of vitamin E (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 400 mg/kg diet) at either 50 or 120 g lipid per kg were each given to three replicate groups of tilapia (mean weight: 0·69 (s.e.0·02) g) reared in a closed, recirculating system. Food efficiency and protein deposition were significantly (P < 0·05) higher in fish given 50 mg vitamin E per kg diet and 75 mg/kg diet in the 50 and 120 g lipid per kg groups respectively, compared with fish given the unsupplemented control diet. Mortality of fish was not affected by dietary treatment. Weight gain and liver microsomal ascorbic acid-stimulated lipid peroxidation data analysed by broken-line regression indicated that the optimum dietary vitamin E requirements in juvenile tilapia are 42 to 44 mg vitamin E per kg and 60 to 66 mg vitamin E per kg in 50 and 120 g lipid per kg diets, respectively.

scholarly journals Effects of concomitant selenium and vitamin E administration on thyroid hormone metabolism in broilers

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 355
Author(s):  
A. C. PAPPAS ◽  
B. M. KOTSAMPASI ◽  
K. KALAMARAS ◽  
K. FEGEROS ◽  
G. ZERVAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Type I ◽  
Hormone Metabolism ◽  
Iodothyronine Deiodinase ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Metabolism ◽  
Diet Control

A total of 400, as hatched, broilers were used to investigate the effect of selenium (Se) and vitamin E supplementation on thyroid hormones metabolism. There were 5 replicates of 4 dietary treatments namely: control (C), a soybean meal maize basal diet with adequate Se and vitamin E (0.3 mg Se per kg diet and 80 mg vitamin E per kg diet), control diet with Se added (Se+, with an additional 1 mg of Se per kg of diet), control diet with vitamin E added (E+, with an additional 350 mg of vitamin E per kg of diet) and Se+E+ (with additional 1 mg of Se and 350 mg of vitamin E per kg of diet). Diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric. Zinc L-selenomethionine complex was used to increase Se content and dl-α-tocopheryl acetate to increase vitamin E content. The experiment lasted 42 days. Plasma Se concentration increased in Se+ groups, while whole blood glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity increased in Se+, E+ and Se+E+ groups compared to control. Hepatic type I iodothyronine deiodinase (ID-I) and thyroid hormone concentrations were unaffected by any dietary treatment. It is concluded that supplementation with Se or vitamin Ε alone or in combination above animal’s requirements does not affect thyroid hormone metabolism and liver ID-I activity under the conditions examined.

scholarly journals Lipid peroxidation status as an index to evaluate the influence of dietary fats on vitamin E requirements of young pigs

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao H. Wang ◽  
J. Leibholz ◽  
W. L. Bryden ◽  
D. R. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Dietary Pufa ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Suitable Index

The aims of the present study were to establish a suitable criterion for estimating the vitamin E requirement for young pigs, and to investigate the influence of dietary fats on the requirement of this nutrient. In Expt 1 weaned pigs were given a semi-purified diet supplemented with 0,20, or 100 mg DL- α-tocopheryl acetate/kg. Pigs in Expt 2 were fed on diets containing 10 g sunflower oil (SO) stripped of vitamin E/kg in diets 1 and 2, 100 g SO/kg in diets 3 and 4, and 100 g tallow/kg in diet 5. Diets 2, 4 and 5 were supplemented with DL-α-tocopheryl acetate at 20 mg/kg for 0·28 d and 50 mg/kg for 29–56 d of the experiment respectively. Results showed that vitamin E concentrations in plasma and tissues reflected dietary levels of vitamin E. No apparent clinical signs of vitamin 'E deficiency were observed, but pigs fed on diets without vitamin E supplementation showed a higher (P < 0·05) lipid peroxidation status as indicated by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in erythrocytes, and ethane and pentane levels in exhaled gases than those fed on supplemental diets. This indicated that the former was deficient in vitamin E. Data in Expt 1 suggested that supplementation with 20 mg DL-α-tocopheryl acetate/kg is adequate for young pigs when the diet contains 30 g lard/kg. However, results in Expt 2 showed that this level was inadequate when the diet contains 100 g SO/kg or its equivalent to 70 mg polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)/g. Vitamin E and lipid peroxidation status of pigs were affected by both dietary vitamin E and dietary PUFA. This demonstrates that the requirement for vitamin E in young pigs increases as PUFA levels in the diet increase. The present study shows that lipid peroxidation response of pigs is a suitable index to evaluate vitamin E requirements.

scholarly journals Quantifying the dietary potassium requirement of juvenile hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus×O. aureus)

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Yen Shiau ◽  
Jia-Fen Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Dietary Potassium ◽  
K Concentration

An 8 week feeding trial was conducted to determine the dietary K requirement for juvenile hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. aureus). Purified diets with eight levels (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10 g/kg diet) of supplemental K were fed to tilapia. Each diet was fed to three replicate groups of fish initially weighing a mean value of 0.77 (SE 0.01) g/fish in a closed, recirculating rearing system. Weight gain was higher (P<0.05) in fish fed the diets supplemented with 2, 3 and 4 g K/kg diet than in fish fed diet with 10 g K/kg diet and the unsupplemented control diet. Gill Na+-K+ ATPase activity was highest in fish fed the diets supplemented with 1–3 g K/kg diet, followed by fish fed the diet with 5 g K/kg diet and lowest in fish fed the diet with 10 g K/kg diet. Whole-body K content in fish were generally increased as the dietary K supplementation level increased. Analysis by polynomial regression of weight gain and gill Na+-K+ ATPase activity and by linear regression of whole-body K retention of the fish indicated that the adequate dietary K concentration for tilapia is about 2–3 g/kg diet.

scholarly journals Dietary sodium requirement determined for juvenile hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. aureus) reared in fresh water and seawater

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Yen Shiau ◽  
Li-Shan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Whole Body

Two 8-week feeding trials were conducted to determine the dietary Na requirement for juvenile hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. aureus) reared in fresh water and seawater. In each experiment, NaCl was added to the basal diet at 0, 0·5, 1, 2, 3, 5, or 7g Na/kg diet (fresh water) and at 0, 0·2, 0·5, 0·8, 1·2, 1·5, 2, or 3g Na/kg diet (seawater). Each diet was fed to three replicate groups of fish, individual fish initially weighing 0·69 (se 0·01) g, in a closed, recirculating rearing system. In fresh water, the tilapia fed the diet supplemented with 2g Na/kg diet had significantly (P<0·05) greater weight gain than the fish fed the diets supplemented with ≥3 and ≤0·5g Na/kg diet. Feed efficiency (FE) in fish generally followed the weight-gain pattern. Gill Na+–K+ ATPase activity was highest in the fish fed the diets supplemented with 1–3g Na/kg diet, followed by the fish fed the diet with 7g Na/kg diet and lowest in the fish fed the unsupplemented control diet. In seawater, the weight gain, FE and gill Na+–K+ ATPase activity in fish were not affected by the dietary treatment. Analysis by polynomial regression of weight gain, by broken-line regression of gill Na+–K+ ATPase activity and by linear regression of whole-body Na retention of the fish reared in fresh water, indicated that the adequate dietary Na concentration for tilapia is about 1·5g/kg diet. The present study also suggests that no dietary Na is required for tilapia reared in seawater.

Feeding performance of juvenile marble goby (Oxyeleotris marmorata Bleeker, 1852) fed acidified diets

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-216
Author(s):  
Leong-Seng Lim ◽  
Chui-Fen Teoh ◽  
Gunzo Kawamura ◽  
Annita Seok-Kian Yong ◽  
Rossita Shapawi
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Feeding Performance ◽  
Daily Ingestion ◽  
Ph Level ◽  
Ingestion Ratio ◽  
And Control

Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the feeding performance of juvenile marble goby (Oxyeleotris marmorata) on acidified diets. Five fish meal-based diets at various pH levels (2.5, 3.2, 4.3, 5.3, and 6.0 (control)) were prepared, and each of them was fed to 10 wild-caught O. marmorata juveniles (body length 7.7–9.3 cm; each fish was placed in an aquarium, hence each dietary treatment was in 10 replicates) for 20 days. Throughout the feeding trial, O. marmorata juveniles showed clear increments in the daily ingestion ratio (IR) values of AD 2.5, AD 3.2, and AD 4.3. The control diet and AD 5.3 were almost totally rejected by the fish. On day 20, the IR of AD 2.5 (0.46) and AD 3.2 (0.36) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of AD 5.3 (0.1) and the control diet (0.02). In addition, 70% of fish fed AD 2.5 achieved a high IR value (0.6 – 1.0), and this was the best result among all the treatments (AD 3.2, 60%; AD 4.3 50%; AD 5.3 and control, 10%). These results suggested that acidified diets can be used to wean O. marmorata juveniles, and the recommended pH level was 2.5.

scholarly journals Effect of replacing maize with cassava/brewers dried yeast blend (Cassayeast) on performance of broiler chicks and feed cost in southern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178
Author(s):  
B. M. Oruwari ◽  
A. O. Anibo ◽  
D. M. Nkanta
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Total Replacement ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
The Cost

A feeding trial using 240, day old Anak broiler chicks was conducted in which cassava meal (CM) completely replaced maize in the control diet (A) to formulate five isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets. Dried CM blended with brewers dried yeast (BDY) formed cassayeast with 2.704 parts of CM to 1 part of BDY. The (Cassayeast) CM and BDY blend in the dietary treatments, (B,C,D and E) were 30 CM + 11.1% BDY, 35 CM +12.94% BDY, 40 CM + 14.79% BDY, and 45 CM + 16.64% BDY, respectively, and these treatments had no maize. Dietary treatment A, containing maize, which served as the control had no cassayeast inclusion, thus demonstrating the total replacement of maize by cassayeast in the other dietary treatments. Results showed that significant of maize difference (P<0.5) were observed in the control and at in one cassayeast treatment in feed intake (4.43 as against 4.22kg), body weight (1.94 as against 1.65kg), efficiency of feed utilization (feed: gain ratio 2.19 as against 2.51; gain: feed ratio 0.49 as against 0.43), respectively. However, gizzard weights were not significant. Economic analysis showed that the cost of producing a bird with the maize based diet (A) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that with the cassayeast diets but there was not difference among the cassayeast diets (B-E). The maize based diet was most expensive (₦ 29.68 per kg diet) while diet C was the cheapest (₦ 25.57 per kg). The study demonstrated that the use of cassaveast has a place in the broiler industry, thus indicating that with proper protein balancing, cassava can completely replace maize in broiler diets.

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