scholarly journals Validation and extension of a simple questionnaire to assess physical activity in pre-school children

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1611-1619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otmar Bayer ◽  
Marc Jarczok ◽  
Joachim Fischer ◽  
Rüdiger von Kries ◽  
Freia De Bock
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
School Children ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Intensity

AbstractObjectiveTo (i) validate a recently proposed questionnaire tool for the simple assessment of physical activity (PA) in pre-school children by comparison with accelerometry and heart-rate recordings; and (ii) extend the tool by adding more questions to improve validity and to refine the classification from two to three categories (PA low, medium, high).SettingBaseline data of an intervention evaluation study.SubjectsPre-school children.DesignChildren were categorized as either physically active or non-active, based on their parents’ answers to the five-item questionnaire. Activity and heart rate were recorded for 6 d (Actiheart device; CamNtech, Cambridge, UK). Nightly sleeping periods were removed and mean accelerometry counts (MACT), time spent in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and time spent in sedentary behaviour (SB) were computed. In a second step, additional questions that improved validity were added, resulting in an extended seven-item questionnaire.ResultsFor 748 (90·4 %) of the participating children aged 2·3–6·7 years, the questionnaires were filled out sufficiently for classification. Children classified as physically active showed 9·6 % higher MACT (P < 0·0003), spent more time in MVPA and insignificantly less time in SB. Using the extended questionnaire, children with PA classified as medium (reference: low) showed 11·0 % more MACT, spent 11·8 % more time in MVPA and 4·8 % less time in SB. Children with PA classified as high showed 16·9 % more MACT, spent 20·2 % more time in MVPA and 7·2 % less time in SB.ConclusionsWith validated PA questionnaires for pre-school children lacking, the proposed questionnaire might be a reasonable option to include for PA assessment in epidemiological studies where more elaborate measurements are unavailable.

Abstract P063: The Association Between Physical Activity and Fasting and 2-Hour Glucose in US Adults: NHANES 2013-2014

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua R Sparks ◽  
Xuewen F Wang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

Background: Glucose concentrations in a fasted and during a glucose challenged state rely on different mechanisms for regulation. In a fasted state, hepatic regulation of glucose is important; while in a glucose challenged state, muscle glucose disposal becomes more important. Evidence suggests that physical activity of moderate or higher intensities can increase muscle glucose disposal during an insulin-stimulated state, but has less effect on hepatic insulin sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between glucose concentrations (fasting and after an oral glucose ingestion) and minutes of physical activity at moderate- and vigorous-intensity in a large population. Methods: The sample included 2,807 adults (47.4% male and 52.6% female) aged 18-80 years who participated in the National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys (NHANES) from 2013-2014 and who did not take any diabetic medications. Minutes being physically active at moderate- and vigorous-intensities during work, and recreationally, were collected using the Physical Activity Questionnaire, which was based on the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Moderate-intensity physical activity was defined as any activity that caused a small increase in breathing or heart rate, while vigorous-intensity physical activity was defined as large increases in breathing or heart rate. Both intensities had to be performed for a minimum of 10 continuous minutes. Plasma glucose concentrations at fasting and 2 hours after consumption of a drink containing 75g glucose (2-hour glucose) were determined. Pearson product correlations were performed for analysis. Results: The population had 141±133 (mean±SD) minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity during work and 63±56 minutes recreationally, as well as 174±156 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity during work and 77±56 minutes recreationally. Minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity performed during work was associated with 2-hour plasma glucose concentrations (r=0.15; p=0.045); this association was not affected after adjusting for age, race, and sex (p=0.049), but was no longer significant after BMI was also adjusted (p=0.059). Recreational or total minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity, and moderate-intensity physical activity was not associated with 2-hour glucose (p>0.20). Additionally, none of the physical activity minutes was associated with fasting glucose (p>0.27). Conclusion: Self-reported vigorous-intensity physical activity during work was positively associated with 2-hour glucose, but not fasting glucose. The results are surprising. Further studies with objective physical activity measures are needed to examine the associations with fasting and 2-hour glucose.

Influence of Movement Intensity and Physical Activity on Adiposity in Youth

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy E. Mark ◽  
Ian Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Physical Activity Intensity ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Percentile Scores

Background:Despite the plethora of research examining the physical activity-adiposity relation in youth, questions remain regarding the ideal intensity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the independent effects of physical activity intensity and incidental movement on total and trunk adiposity.Methods:The sample consisted of 1165 youth aged 8 to 17 years from the 2003−04 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Physical activity (low, moderate, vigorous intensity) and incidental movement (activity level when not physically active) were measured using Actigraph accelerometers over 7 days. Total body and trunk fat were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; age- and sex-specific percentile scores were calculated.Results:Bivariate analyses revealed an inverse relation between total, low, moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity with total body and trunk fat. After consideration of the total volume of physical activity in the multivariate analyses, moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity remained significantly related to total and trunk fat. Participants with the highest (top 12.5%) moderate-to-vigorous intensity activity values had total fat percentile scores that were 34 points lower than participants with the lowest (bottom 25%) values.Conclusion:These results are consistent with public health guidelines which recommend that children and youth participate in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity.

Predictivity of International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form for 5-Year Incident Disability Among Japanese Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Satoshi Kurita ◽  
Takehiko Doi ◽  
Kota Tsutsumimoto ◽  
Sho Nakakubo ◽  
Hideaki Ishii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Japanese Older Adults ◽  
Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Physically Inactive

Background: This study aimed to examine whether physical activity measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) can predict incident disability in Japanese older adults. Methods: Community-dwelling older adults participated in a prospective cohort survey. The time spent in moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity was assessed at the survey baseline using the IPAQ-SF. The participants were categorized into those who spent ≥150 minutes per week (physically active) or <150 minutes per week (physically inactive) in moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity. Incident disability was monitored through Long-Term Care Insurance certification during a follow-up lasting 5 years. Results: Among the 4387 analyzable participants (mean age = 75.8 y, 53.5% female), the IPAQ-SF grouped 1577 (35.9%) and 2810 (64.1%) participants as those who were physically active and inactive, respectively. A log-rank test showed a significantly higher incidence of disability among the inactive group of participants (P < .001). The Cox proportional hazards model showed that physically inactive participants had a higher risk of incident disability than the physically active ones did, even after adjusting for covariates (hazard ratio, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.07–1.45, P < .001). Conclusions: Older adults identified as physically inactive using the IPAQ-SF had a greater risk of developing disabilities than those identified as physically active. The IPAQ-SF seems to be appropriate to estimate the incidence risk of disability.

scholarly journals Comparison of Physical Activity in Small-Sided Basketball Games versus Full-Sided Games

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian T. McCormick ◽  
James C. Hannon ◽  
Maria Newton ◽  
Barry Shultz ◽  
Nicole Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Youth Sports ◽  
Average Heart Rate ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Initial Exposure ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Sports Leagues ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Quality Learning

Organized youth sports leagues attempt to meet many goals. Three primary needs for a youth sports league are to meet the participants' desires, provide quality learning experiences, and develop the competencies needed for continued participation. Possessing the ball, shooting more, and being more involved with a team's offense lead to more enjoyment and feelings of competence. Therefore, increasing the involvement of each player through more ball contacts should be a goal of youth sports leagues. Twelve male basketball players (age=15) from one high-school basketball team participated in this study. This study used paired t-tests to examine the differences between three-on-three basketball games and five-on-five basketball games that lasted for eight minutes in terms of average heart rate, moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity, vigorous intensity activity, and ball contacts. There were no significant differences between average heart rate, moderate-to-vigorous intensity activity, or vigorous intensity activity in the two conditions, but there were significantly more ball contacts on average in the three-on-three games. These results suggest that three-on-three leagues may be an appropriate sport for the initial exposure to basketball for youth players.

scholarly journals Objective Measurement of Habitual Sedentary Behavior in Pre-School Children: Comparison of Activpal With Actigraph Monitors

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Martin ◽  
Mhairi McNeill ◽  
Victoria Penpraze ◽  
Philippa Dall ◽  
Malcolm Granat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
School Children ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Living Children

The Actigraph is well established for measurement of both physical activity and sedentary behavior in children. The activPAL is being used increasingly in children, though with no published evidence on its use in free-living children to date. The present study compared the two monitors in preschool children. Children (n 23) wore both monitors simultaneously during waking hours for 5.6d and 10h/d. Daily mean percentage of time sedentary (nontranslocation of the trunk) was 74.6 (SD for the Actigraph and 78.9 (SD 4.3) for activPAL. Daily mean percentage of time physically active (light intensity physical activity plus MVPA) was 25.4 (SD for the Actigraph and 21.1 (SD 4.3) for the activPAL. Bland-Altman tests and paired t tests suggested small but statistically significant differences between the two monitors. Actigraph and activPAL estimates of sedentary behavior and physical activity in young children are similar at a group level.

scholarly journals Relative Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity Predicts Brain Microstructural Changes in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 445-445
Author(s):  
Jennifer Schrack ◽  
Bennett Landman ◽  
Amal Wanigatunga ◽  
Susan Resnick ◽  
Luigi Ferrucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Heart Rate Reserve ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Microstructural Changes ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Intensity

Abstract Physical activity especially at moderate-to-vigorous intensity may preserve brain structure in old age. However, current findings are cross-sectional and rely on absolute intensity. This study aimed to examine whether relative or absolute vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA) predicts brain microstructural changes. We analyzed 260 initially cognitively normal and well-functioning participants(age=70.5yrs) who had VPA data via ActiHeart and longitudinal brain microstructure by DTI(follow-up=3.7yrs). Associations of VPA with microstructural changes were examined using linear mixed-effects models, adjusted for demographics. Each SD higher relative VPA defined by heart rate reserve (i.e. 21 min/day) was significantly associated with less decline in memory-related microstructural integrity, including mean diffusivity of entorhinal cortex and parahippocampal gyrus and fractional anisotropy of uncinate fasciculus and cingulum-hippocampal part, and not executive/motor-related microstructure. Absolute VPA was not associated with microstructural markers. Among well-functioning older adults, participating in VPA defined by heart rate reserve may predict less brain microstructural decline in memory-related areas.

scholarly journals Efectos de un programa de actividad física vigorosa en la tensión arterial y frecuencia cardiaca de escolares de 8-9 años

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
G. F. López Sánchez ◽  
E. J. Ibáñez Ortega ◽  
A. Díaz Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
School Children ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Physical Activity Program ◽  
Activity Program ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity

En la actualidad, las investigaciones encaminadas a mejorar la salud cardiovascular de las personas son de suma importancia. Objetivo: Este artículo se centra en estudiar los efectos de un programa de actividad física sobre la tensión arterial (TA) y frecuencia cardiaca (FC) de un grupo de escolares. Métodos: Participaron 41 escolares (19 niños y 22 niñas), entre los 8 y los 9 años de edad (media de edad 8,49 y DE 0,51). Las variables estudiadas fueron: tensión arterial (sistólica y diastólica) y frecuencia cardiaca en reposo. La tensión arterial y la frecuencia cardiaca se midieron con el tensiómetro de brazo Visomat Comfort 20/40. El procedimiento ha sido: pre-test, intervención y pos-test. La intervención ha consistido en 3 días a la semana de actividad física de alta intensidad, 15 minutos al día, durante 12 semanas. Resultados: Se ha realizado un análisis de datos por medio del SPSS 22 y se han obtenido mejoras significativas en la tensión arterial sistólica y la frecuencia cardiaca (Sig. p < 0.05). Conclusiones: El programa de actividad física empleado en este estudio puede ser de utilidad para mejorar la tensión arterial sistólica y la frecuencia cardiaca de escolares de 8-9 años. Nowadays, research aimed at improving the cardiovascular health of people is of the utmost importance. Objective: This paper focuses on studying the effects of a vigorous-intensity physical activity program on the blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) of a group of school children. Methods: This investigation involved 41 children (19 boys and 22 girls), aged between 8 and 9 years (average age=8.49 and standard deviation=0.51). The variables considered were: blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and resting heart rate. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured by arm sphygmomanometer Visomat Comfort 20/40. The procedure was as follows: pre-test, intervention and post-test. The intervention consisted of 3 days per week of high-intensity physical activity, 15 minutes per day, during 12 weeks. Results: Data analysis was performed through SPSS 22 and significant improvements were obtained in systolic blood pressure and heart rate (Sig p < 0.05). Conclusions: The physical activity program implemented in this study may be useful to improve systolic blood pressure and heart rate in 8- and 9-year-old school children.

Correlates of Using Neighborhood Recreational Destinations in Physically Active Respondents

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin R. McCormack ◽  
Billie Giles-Corti ◽  
Max Bulsara
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Generalized Estimating Equations ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Estimating Equations ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Generalized Estimating

Background:This study examines the relationships between the availability and use of recreational destinations and physical activity.Methods:Analysis included n = 1355 respondents. Associations between the density of free and pay-for-use recreational destinations, demographics, and use of free and pay-for-use recreational destinations within the neighborhood were examined, followed by associations with sufficient moderate and vigorous physical activity using generalized estimating equations.Results:The likelihood of using a local pay recreational destination increased for each additional local pay facility (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.32 to 1.73) and was lower for those with motor vehicle access (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.99). The likelihood of using a local free destination increased for each additional local free facility (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.20) and was higher among women (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.44). Destination use was associated with both moderate and vigorous-intensity physical activity.Conclusions:Increasing the density of neighborhood recreational destinations is associated with the use of facilities and participation in sufficient levels of physical activity.

scholarly journals Health-enhancing physical activity among Saudi adults using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazzaa M Al-Hazzaa
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Health Enhancing Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

AbstractObjectivesTo describe the physical activity profile of Saudi adults living in Riyadh, using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short-version telephone format.MethodsPhysical activity was assessed using the official Arabic short form of IPAQ, intended for use in telephone interview. The instrument asks for times spent in walking, moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity of at least 10 min duration. The sample consisted of 1616 Saudis, between 15 and 78 years of age, living in Riyadh. Participants were drawn from a list of names in the telephone book using a simple random method. Telephone interviews were administered during the spring of 2003 by trained male interviewers.ResultsThe final sample size was 1064 Saudi males and females (response rate of 66%), with males comprising about 66% of the respondents. Over 43% of Saudis did not participate in any type of moderate-intensity physical activity lasting for at least 10 min. More than 72% of the sample did not engage in any type of vigorous-intensity physical activity lasting for at least 10 min. The proportion of Saudis who walked for 150 min or more per week was 33.3%. Females were engaged more in moderate physical activity than males, whereas males participated more in vigorous activity compared with females. Activity levels did not show significant relationships with education level or job hours per week. Based on the three activity categories established by IPAQ, 40.6% of Saudis were inactive, 34.3% were minimally active and 25.1% were physically active. Physical inactivity increased with advancing age.ConclusionThe data suggest that the prevalence of physical inactivity among Saudis adults is relatively high. Efforts are needed to encourage Saudis to be more physically active, with the goal of increasing the proportion of Saudis engaging in health-enhancing physical activity.

Energy Expenditure in Playground Games in Primary School Children Measured by Accelerometer and Heart Rate Monitors

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Cañete García-Prieto ◽  
Vicente Martinez-Vizcaino ◽  
Antonio García-Hermoso ◽  
Mairena Sánchez-López ◽  
Natalia Arias-Palencia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
School Children ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Heart Rate Monitors

The aim of this study was to examine the energy expenditure (EE) measured using indirect calorimetry (IC) during playground games and to assess the validity of heart rate (HR) and accelerometry counts as indirect indicators of EE in children´s physical activity games. 32 primary school children (9.9 ± 0.6 years old, 19.8 ± 4.9 kg · m-2 BMI and 37.6 ± 7.2 ml · kg-1 · min-1 VO2max). Indirect calorimetry (IC), accelerometry and HR data were simultaneously collected for each child during a 90 min session of 30 playground games. Thirty-eight sessions were recorded in 32 different children. Each game was recorded at least in three occasions in other three children. The intersubject coefficient of variation within a game was 27% for IC, 37% for accelerometry and 13% for HR. The overall mean EE in the games was 4.2 ± 1.4 kcals · min-1 per game, totaling to 375 ± 122 kcals/per 90 min/session. The correlation coefficient between indirect calorimetry and accelerometer counts was 0.48 (p = .026) for endurance games and 0.21 (p = .574) for strength games. The correlation coefficient between indirect calorimetry and HR was 0.71 (p = .032) for endurance games and 0.48 (p = .026) for strength games. Our data indicate that both accelerometer and HR monitors are useful devices for estimating EE during endurance games, but only HR monitors estimates are accurate for endurance games.

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