scholarly journals Development of a diet quality index to assess adherence to Canadian dietary recommendations in 3-year-old children

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Jarman ◽  
Nisha Vashi ◽  
Amy Angus ◽  
Rhonda C Bell ◽  
Gerald F Giesbrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Diet Quality Index ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Canadian Context ◽  
Grain Products ◽  
Dietary Data

AbstractObjective:Little is known about the diet quality of preschool children in Canada. We adapted an established diet quality index for European preschool children to align with the Canadian context and applied the index to dietary data of 3-year-old children to assess patterns of diet quality.Design:Our diet quality index (DQI-C) consists of four components that align with Canada’s Food Guide (Vegetables and Fruit, Grain Products, Milk and Alternatives and Meat and Alternatives) and two components that account for less healthy intakes (Candy/Snacks, and Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSB)). The ratio between consumption v. recommended intakes is calculated for each component and summed to give a total score from 0 to 6.Setting:Alberta, Canada.Participants:The DQI-C was applied to FFQ data from 1260 3-year-old children.Results:Mean DQI-C was 3·69 (sd 0·6). Most children met recommendations for Vegetables and Fruit (73 %) and Meat and Alternatives (70 %); however, fewer met recommendations for Milk and Alternatives (38 %) and Grain Products (13 %). Children in the lowest quartile for DQI-C score consumed a mean of 82 g of Candy/Snacks and 193 g of SSB daily, whereas those in the highest quartile consumed 45 g/d and 17 g/d of Candy and Snacks and SSB, respectively.Conclusion:This DQI-C score is useful for ranking Canadian preschool children according to their overall diet quality. There is room for improvement for consumptions of Grain Products, Meat and Alternatives, Candy/Snacks and SSB, which could be a target for initiatives to improve diet quality of preschool children in Canada.

scholarly journals Scoring models of a diet quality index and the predictive capability of mortality in a population-based cohort of Swedish men and women

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Drake ◽  
Bo Gullberg ◽  
Emily Sonestedt ◽  
Peter Wallström ◽  
Margaretha Persson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Predictive Capability ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Scoring Model ◽  
Diet Quality Index ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Dietary Indices

AbstractObjectiveTo examine how different scoring models for a diet quality index influence associations with mortality outcomes.DesignA study within the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort. Food and nutrient intakes were estimated using a diet history method. The index included six components: SFA, PUFA, fish and shellfish, fibre, fruit and vegetables, and sucrose. Component scores were assigned using predefined (based on dietary recommendations) and population-based cut-offs (based on median or quintile intakes). Multivariate Cox regression was used to model associations between index scores (low, medium, high) and all-cause and cause-specific mortality by sex.SettingMalmö, the third largest city in Sweden.SubjectsMen (n 6940) and women (n 10 186) aged 44–73 years. During a mean follow-up of 14·2 years, 2450 deaths occurred, 1221 from cancer and 709 from CVD.ResultsThe predictive capability of the index for mortality outcomes varied with type of scoring model and by sex. Stronger associations were seen among men using predefined cut-offs. In contrast, the quintile-based scoring model showed greater predictability for mortality outcomes among women. The scoring model using median-based cut-offs showed low predictability for mortality among both men and women.ConclusionsThe scoring model used for dietary indices may have a significant impact on observed associations with disease outcomes. The rationale for selection of scoring model should be included in studies investigating the association between dietary indices and disease. Adherence to the current dietary recommendations was in the present study associated with decreased risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality, particularly among men.

scholarly journals Reproducibility and validity of a diet quality index for children assessed using a FFQ

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inge Huybrechts ◽  
Carine Vereecken ◽  
Dirk De Bacquer ◽  
Stefanie Vandevijvere ◽  
Herman Van Oyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Diet Quality Index ◽  
Diet Records ◽  
Repeated Administrations ◽  
Cross Classification

The diet quality index (DQI) for preschool children is a new index developed to reflect compliance with four main food-based dietary guidelines for preschool children in Flanders. The present study investigates: (1) the validity of this index by comparing DQI scores for preschool children with nutrient intakes, both of which were derived from 3 d estimated diet records; (2) the reproducibility of the DQI for preschoolers based on a parentally reported forty-seven-item FFQ DQI, which was repeated after 5 weeks; (3) the relative validity of the FFQ DQI with 3 d record DQI scores as reference. The study sample included 510 and 58 preschoolers (2·5–6·5 years) for validity and reproducibility analyses, respectively. Increasing 3 d record DQI scores were associated with decreasing consumption of added sugars, and increasing intakes of fibre, water, Ca and many micronutrients. Mean FFQ DQI test–retest scores were not significantly different: 72 (sd 11) v. 71 (sd 10) (P = 0·218) out of a maximum of 100. Mean 3 d record DQI score (66 (sd 10)) was significantly lower than mean FFQ DQI (71 (sd 10); P < 0·001). The reproducibility correlation was 0·88. Pearsons correlation (adjusted for within-person variability) between FFQ and 3 d record DQI scores was 0·82. Cross-classification analysis of the FFQ and 3 d record DQI classified 60 % of the subjects in the same category and 3 % in extreme tertiles. Cross-classification of repeated administrations classified 62 % of the subjects in the same category and 3 % in extreme categories. The FFQ-based DQI approach compared well with the 3 d record approach, and it can be used to determine diet quality among preschoolers.

scholarly journals Diet Quality Index associated with Digital Food Guide: update and validation

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Caivano ◽  
Fernando Antonio Basile Colugnati ◽  
Semíramis Martins Álvares Domene
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
Group Score ◽  
Diet Quality Index ◽  
Index Components ◽  
Serving Sizes ◽  
The Relationship

Monitoring and assessing dietary intake may favor the promotion of healthy choices and the indexes that assess the quality of the diet contribute to this purpose. The Diet Quality Index associated with the Digital Food Guide (DQI-DFG) was developed from guidelines of the School of Public Health at Harvard University, adjusted for the Brazilian food habits. Based on new studies on prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases, the objective of this study was to improve and validate the DQI-DFG for a second version. The following psychometric properties were used: (a) content validation: consensus on healthy eating and DQI among experts; (b) construct validation: enhancement of a reference diet to determine recommended serving sizes and consumption ranges; correlation between each group score and energy value; comparative analyses between menu assessment by experts and DQI-DGF results to confirm the score criterion; (c) reliability: agreement between the result shown by the evaluators and the result presented by DQI-DFG; correlation between each food group score and total DQI score to understand the relationship between these variables. The energetic values do not influence the DQI score. There is a high correlation between the score attributed by experts and the result of DQI-DFG (r = 0.78 until r = 0.97). The Index components have a balanced score of influence in its final result (r = 0.49 until r = 0.10). Consensus result performed among experts legitimates the concepts that justify DQI-DFG. There was an agreement between menu quality evaluation by experts and the results shown by DQI-DFG.

scholarly journals Diet quality index adjusted for energy requirements in adults

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 2121-2128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Constante Jaime ◽  
Daniel Henrique Bandoni ◽  
Ana Clara da Fonseca Leitão Duran ◽  
Regina Mara Fisberg
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Diet Quality Index

This study aimed to develop a diet quality index (DQI-a) adjusted for energy requirement. Dietary intake of adults was assessed using 24-hour food recall. The DQI was developed for scores evenly distributed across ten items characterizing different aspects of diet: food groups, nutrients, and variety. The components categorized under the food groups from the Dietary Guide for Brazilians were adjusted according to the estimated energy requirements of the population studied. Index consistency and correlation with nutrients of the diet was analyzed by Cronbach's alpha. A total of 737 individuals were assessed and energy requirements ranged from 1,800 to 2,500kcal among women and 2,500 to 3,400kcal in men. The food group with greatest variation in total portions was cereals and tubers. Cronbach's alpha of the DQI-a was 0.643 and the index correlated with most of the nutrients. The DQI-a can be considered a valuable instrument for assessing diet quality of the Brazilian population.

scholarly journals A Diet Quality Index for Pregnancy detects variation in diet and differences by sociodemographic factors

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M Bodnar ◽  
Anna Maria Siega-Riz
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Diet Quality Index ◽  
Nulliparous Women

AbstractObjective:Methods currently used to assess nutritional status during pregnancy have limitations if one wishes to examine the overall quality of the diet. A Diet Quality Index for Pregnancy (DQI-P) was developed to reflect current nutritional recommendations for pregnancy and national dietary guidelines.Design:Dietary intake was assessed during the second trimester using a food-frequency questionnaire. The DQI-P includes eight components: % recommended servings of grains, vegetables and fruits, % recommendations for folate, iron and calcium, % energy from fat, and meal/snack patterning score. Scores can range from 0 to 80; each component contributed 10 points.Setting:Two public prenatal clinics in central North Carolina.Subjects:N = 2063 pregnant women who participated in the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition (PIN) Study.Results:The DQI-P quantitatively differentiated diets. The mean score for the population was 56.0 (standard deviation 12.0). Women who were <30 years old, <350% of poverty, nulliparous and high school graduates had significantly higher overall DQI-P scores. Higher percentages of recommended vegetable servings were consumed by higher-income, older and better-educated women. Greater percentages of recommended intakes of folate and iron were seen among black, low-income and nulliparous women. Higher iron intakes were also seen among women who graduated high school and were less than 30 years old. Other differences were observed for intake of fat and meal/snack pattern. Because this index was based on national recommendations, the DQI-P may be a useful tool for research and public health settings to evaluating overall diet quality of pregnant women.

scholarly journals Development of a Diet Quality Index Adapted for Pregnant Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia Castro Crivellenti ◽  
Daniela Cristina Candelas Zuccolotto ◽  
Daniela Saes Sartorelli
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Maximum Score ◽  
Diet Quality Index

OBJECTIVE: To develop a Diet Quality Index Adapted for Pregnant Women (IQDAG) and to evaluate its relation with the characteristics of women treated at the Brazilian Unified Health System. METHODS: The data on food intake come from a cross-sectional study carried out with 785 adult pregnant women in the city of Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo, Brazil, between 2011 and 2012. The index was based on the recommendations of the Brazilian Ministry of Health, previous national dietary indexes, and the new Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population. We used the ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and chi-square tests to describe the quality of the diet according to the characteristics of the mother. RESULTS: The IQDAG has nine components, and it is represented by three food groups (in servings/1,000 kcal), five nutrients, and a moderator component. A high proportion of pregnant women reached the maximum score for the components of legumes and vegetables. However, few women reached the maximum score for consumption of fresh fruits, fiber, omega-3, calcium, folate, iron, and ultra-processed foods. We verified a better quality of diet among older and eutrophic pregnant women who reported practicing more physical activity and taking dietary supplements. We also observed the highest index score among women with higher intake of carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins C, E, and A, and minerals calcium, folate, and iron, as well as among those with lower intake of total fats and saturated fats. CONCLUSIONS: This dietary index is unprecedented in incorporating the recommendation of the new Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population regarding the moderation of the consumption of ultra-processed foods. It was useful in evaluating the quality of the diet of pregnant women and we verified a higher score among older and eutrophic women who reported a healthy lifestyle. Strategies are needed to promote a higher consumption of fresh fruits, foods high in fiber, omega-3, calcium, folate, iron, and minimally processed foods in pregnant women.

scholarly journals The Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I): is it a useful tool to evaluate the quality of the Mediterranean diet?

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep A. Tur ◽  
Dora Romaguera ◽  
Antoni Pons
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Mediterranean Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet Quality Index ◽  
Quality Diet ◽  
The Mediterranean

The aim of this study was to assess whether the recently developed Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) could be used to evaluate diet quality of a Mediterranean population. A cross-sectional nutritional survey was carried out in the Balearic Islands (Spain) between 1999 and 2000. Dietary information (replicated 24 h recall and a food frequency questionnaire), and socio-demographic and lifestyle data were collected from a representative sample of the population (n 1200: 498 males and 702 females) aged 16–65 years (response rate 77·22 %). The DQI-I was developed according to the method defined by Kim et al. (2003), and focused on four major aspects of a high-quality diet (variety, adequacy, moderation and overall balance). The percentage of adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) was also calculated and correlation analysis was carried out between the DQI-I score and the percentage of adherence to the MDP. The total score of the DQI-I reached 43 % of the possible score, indicating that the Balearic diet was a poor-quality diet. Correlation analysis between the DQI-I scores and adherence to the MDP showed that the DQI-I subcategories protein, iron and calcium adequacy were negatively correlated with the MDP. Furthermore, moderation in empty calorie food consumption and overall balance subcategories were not significantly correlated with the MDP. Due to some methodological factors and cultural biases, the proposed DQI-I scoring system is not useful to evaluate the quality of this Mediterranean-type diet. Further research is needed to develop a new diet quality index adapted to the MDP.

scholarly journals Plant- and animal-based diet quality and mortality among US adults: a cohort study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Laura Keaver ◽  
Mengyuan Ruan ◽  
Fan Chen ◽  
Mengxi Du ◽  
Chenyueyi Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Diet Quality Index ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Not all plant-based and animal foods exert the same health effects due to their various nutrient compositions. We aimed to assess the quality of plant-based v. animal foods in relation to mortality in a prospective cohort study. Using data collected from a nationally representative sample of 36 825 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2014, we developed a de novo Comprehensive Diet Quality Index (cDQI) that assesses the quality of seventeen foods based on the healthfulness and separately scored the quality of eleven plant-based foods in a plant-based Diet Quality Index (pDQI) and six animal foods in an animal-based Diet Quality Index (aDQI). Mortality from all causes, heart disease and cancer were obtained from linkage to the National Death Index up to 31 December 2015. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI after multivariable adjustments. During a median follow-up of 8·3 years, 4669 all-cause deaths occurred, including 798 deaths due to heart disease and 1021 due to cancer. Compared with individuals in the lowest quartile, those in the highest quartile of cDQI had a lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR 0·75, 95 % CI 0·65, 0·86; Ptrend < 0·001), which largely reflected the inverse relationship between quality of plant-based foods (pDQI) and all-cause mortality (HR 0·66, 95 % CI 0·58, 0·74; Ptrend < 0·001). No independent association was found for the quality of animal foods (aDQI) and mortality. Our results suggest that consuming healthy plant-based foods is associated with lower all-cause mortality among US adults.

scholarly journals Development of a diet quality index assessing adherence to the Swedish nutrition recommendations and dietary guidelines in the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 835-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Drake ◽  
Bo Gullberg ◽  
Ulrika Ericson ◽  
Emily Sonestedt ◽  
Jan Nilsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Diet Quality Index ◽  
Diet And Cancer ◽  
Fish And Shellfish

AbstractObjectiveTo develop a diet quality index (DQI) that assesses adherence to the Swedish nutrition recommendations (SNR) and the Swedish dietary guidelines (SDG).DesignA cross-sectional study within the Malmö Diet and Cancer (MDC) cohort. A diet history method collected dietary data, a structured questionnaire lifestyle and socio-economic information, and anthropometric data were collected by direct measurements. The index (DQI-SNR) included six components: SFA, PUFA, fish and shellfish, dietary fibre, fruit and vegetables, and sucrose.SettingMalmö, Sweden.SubjectsMen (n 4525) and women (n 8491) of the MDC cohort enrolled from September 1994 to October 1996.ResultsFor participants with high DQI-SNR scores, nutrient and food intakes were close to recommendations. However, most of the study population exceeded the recommended intake for SFA (98 %) and few reached recommended intakes for dietary fibre (24 %), fruit and vegetables (32 %), vitamin D (18 %) and folate (2 %). A high DQI-SNR score was positively associated with age, physical activity, not smoking, past food habit change, education and socio-economic status. Individuals with high scores were more likely to have a diabetes diagnosis or experienced a cardiovascular event.ConclusionsResults suggest that the DQI-SNR is a useful tool for assessing adherence to the SNR 2005 and the SDG in the MDC cohort. No index has previously been developed with the aim of evaluating adherence to the current dietary recommendations in Sweden. Further validation of the DQI-SNR, and evaluation of its utility, is needed.

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