Diet-dependent acid load and the risk of colorectal cancer and adenoma: a case–control study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Saeede Jafari Nasab ◽  
Pegah Rafiee ◽  
Alireza Bahrami ◽  
Nasim Rezaeimanesh ◽  
Bahram Rashidkhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Colorectal Adenomas ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Load ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third and second most prevalent cancer in men and women, respectively. Various epidemiological studies indicated that dietary factors are implicated in the aetiology of CRC and its precursor, colorectal adenomas (CRA). Recently, much attention has been given to the role of acid–base balance in the development of chronic diseases including cancers. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to examine the association of diet-dependent acid load and the risk of CRC and CRA. Design: In this case–control study, potential renal acid load (PRAL) was computed based on dietary intake of participants assessed via a validated FFQ. Negative PRAL values indicated a base-forming potential, while positive values of PRAL implied acid-forming potential of diet. Logistic regression was used to derive OR and 95 % CI after adjusting for confounders. Setting: Tehran, Iran. Participants: A total of 499 participants aged 30–70 years were included in the study (240 hospital controls, 129 newly diagnosed CRC and 130 newly diagnosed CRA). The current study was conducted between December 2016 and September 2018. Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, a higher PRAL was associated with increased odds of CRC and CRA. The highest v. the lowest tertile of PRAL for CRC and CRA was OR 4·82 (95 % CI 2·51–9·25) and OR 2·47 (95 % CI 1·38–4·42), respectively. Conclusions: The findings of the current study suggested that higher diet-dependent acid load is associated with higher risk of CRC and CRA.

scholarly journals Dietary Inflammatory Index and Odds of Colorectal Cancer and Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps in a Case-Control Study from Iran

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pegah Rafiee ◽  
Nitin Shivappa ◽  
James R. Hébert ◽  
Saeede Jaafari Nasab ◽  
Alireza Bahrami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Adenomatous Polyps ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Inflammatory Score ◽  
Control Study

Background: Chronic inflammation is implicated in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its precursor; colorectal adenomatous polyps (CAP). Some dietary factors are important triggers for systemic inflammation. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and the risk of CRC and CAP in an Iranian case-control study. Methods: 134 newly diagnosed CRC patients, 130 newly diagnosed CAP patients, and 240 hospitalized controls were recruited using convenience sampling. Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) scores were computed based on dietary intake assessed using a reproducible and valid 148-item food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) after adjusting for confounders. Results: The E-DII score ranged between −4.23 (the most anti-inflammatory score) to +3.89 (the most pro-inflammatory score). The multivariable-adjusted ORs for participants in the 3rd tertile compared to the 1st tertile was 5.08 (95%CI: 2.70–9.56; P-trend < 0.0001) for CRC and 2.33 (95% CI: 1.30–4.02; P-trend = 0.005) for CAP. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that more pro-inflammatory diets, indicated by higher E-DII scores, might increase the risk of both CRC and CAP. Future steps should include testing these associations in a prospective setting in Iran.

Alcohol, cigarette smoking, dietary factors and the risk of colorectal adenomas and hyperplastic polyps – a case control study

2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juergen Georg Erhardt ◽  
Heinz Peter Kreichgauer ◽  
Christoph Meisner ◽  
Johann Christian Bode ◽  
Christiane Bode
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Colorectal Adenomas ◽  
Hyperplastic Polyps ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Dietary Pattern in Relation With CRC Risk Among Moroccan Population; A Multicenter Case-Control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 11s-11s
Author(s):  
H.A. Boudouaya ◽  
K. Elkinany ◽  
M. Sidi Deoula ◽  
Z. Hatime ◽  
A. Elasri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Control Study

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global public health problem, an estimated of 1.4 million cases were diagnosed worldwide in 2012. Studies in health and nutrition confirmed that dietary factors were strongly associated with CRC risk. Aim: The objective of this empirically study was to reveal unobserved dietary profiles that were associated favorably or unfavorably with CRC risk in Moroccan study population. Methods: This case-control study included a total of 2906 participants in five centers, 1453 cases and 1453 controls, and was gender, age and center matched. Statistical exploratory data reduction methods were performed in this study population based on a specific scientific hypothesis linking dietary behavior and colorectal cancer risk. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied separately in cases and in controls as individuals and with FFQ nutritional group's heads items as variables. The correlation matrix of food variables was examined to explain most of the variation in the data, reducing a large number of food variables to a smaller set that captures the major dietary factors differences in Moroccan population. Results: Three alimentary profiles were identified for controls based on three principal component analysis, which the first one was highly positive with high cereals, fruits and nuts, legumes, fish, olive oil, dairy products and legumes consumption, and was highly negative with an increasing consumption of poultry and red meat. This component explained 26.5% of the variance in initial data and described a healthy pattern characterized with high fiber intake. In opposite, five principal components were identified for cases that indicated five nutritional profiles with a predominance of dairy products, nuts, fish consumption and low legumes, olive oil and fruits intake: its explained 15.37% of total variance. Conclusion: PCA analysis is a multidimensional factor analysis method that was used in this epidemiologic study to describe the variance in our big database in relation with CRC risk among Moroccan people. This method needs a supervised analysis such as linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to give interpretation and prediction models of CRC risk related to nutritional behavior among this study population.

Dietary nutrient patterns and the risk of colorectal cancer and colorectal adenomas: a case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Saeede Jafari Nasab ◽  
Matin Ghanavati ◽  
Alireza Bahrami ◽  
Pegah Rafiee ◽  
Amir Sadeghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Colorectal Adenomas ◽  
Dietary Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Patterns ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Risk factors for early-onset colorectal cancer: a population-based case–control study in Ontario, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicky C. Chang ◽  
Michelle Cotterchio ◽  
Prithwish De ◽  
Jill Tinmouth
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Purpose There has been an alarming increase in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence among young adults aged < 50 years, and factors driving this upward trend are unknown. This study investigated associations between various medical, lifestyle, and dietary factors and risk of early-onset CRC (EO-CRC). Methods A population-based case–control study was conducted in Ontario, Canada during 2018–2019. EO-CRC cases aged 20–49 years (n = 175) were identified from the Ontario Cancer Registry; sex- and age group-matched controls (n = 253) were recruited through random digit dialing. Data on potential a priori risk factors were collected using a web-based self-reported questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression. Results Family history of CRC in a first- or second-degree relative (OR 2.37; 95% CI 1.47–3.84), longer sedentary time (≥ 10 vs. < 5 h/day, OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.02–3.65), greater consumption of sugary drinks (≥ 7 vs. < 1 drinks/week, OR 2.99; 95% CI 1.57–5.68), and a more Westernized dietary pattern (quartile 4 vs. 1, OR 1.92; 95% CI 1.01–3.66) were each associated with an increased risk of EO-CRC. Conversely, calcium supplement use (OR 0.53; 95% CI 0.31–0.92), history of allergy or asthma (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.39–0.98), and greater parity in females (≥ 3 vs. nulliparity, OR 0.29; 95% CI 0.11–0.76) were each associated with a reduced risk. Conclusion Modifiable factors, particularly sedentary behavior and unhealthy diet including sugary drink consumption, may be associated with EO-CRC risk. Our findings, if replicated, may help inform prevention strategies targeted at younger persons.

A population-based case-control study of colorectal cancer in majorca. I. Dietary factors

1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Benito ◽  
A. Obrador ◽  
A. Stiggelbout ◽  
F. X. Bosch ◽  
M. Mulet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Solanaceous Vegetables and Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Hospital-Based Matched Case-Control Study in Northeast China

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Simin Li ◽  
Liqing Jiang ◽  
Yuchong Zhang ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Control Study

Background: Dietary factors are regarded as an essential influence in changing colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. However, there is no clear conclusion of the relationship between solanaceous vegetables and colorectal cancer at present. The study aimed to evaluate the intake of solanaceous vegetables in relation to colorectal cancer risk among the Northeast Chinese population.Methods: We carried out a hospital-based case-control study in three hospitals in Northeast China from 2009 to 2011. The study finally included 833 patients with CRC and 833 controls matched separately according to age, gender, and city of residence. We applied a structural questionnaire to collect demographic characteristics and dietary information by face-to-face interview and adopted conditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Stratified analyses were conducted by sex and subsites.Results: There was no obvious correlation between total intake of solanaceous plants and CRC risk. The adjusted OR for the highest quartile and the lowest quartile was 1 (95% CI: 0.68–1.5). Certain types of solanaceous vegetables were negatively associated with the risk of CRC, such as eggplant (OR = 0.42; 95% CI:0.29–0.62) and sweet pepper (OR = 0.48; 95%CI: 0.33–0.7). Potato was found to have a positive correlation with CRC (OR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.26–2.47). In the stratified analyses by gender, total solanaceous vegetables intake was inversely associated with CRC risk only in men. In the stratified analyses of cancer subsites, no significant association between total solanaceous vegetables intake and CRC risk was found.Conclusion: No findings showed that the intake of total solanaceous vegetables was related to the reduction of CRC risk. However, specific types of solanaceous vegetables indicated an inverse association with CRC risk.

scholarly journals A case-control study of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets, colorectal cancer and adenomas among Iranian population

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeede Jafari Nasab ◽  
Matin Ghanavati ◽  
Pegah Rafiee ◽  
Alireza Bahrami ◽  
Nazanin Majidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Colorectal Adenomas ◽  
Dash Score ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background and aims Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, worldwide. Recently, much attention has been given to the association between Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and CRC, however, data on colorectal adenomas (CRAs) as its precursor are scarce. Thus, the purpose of this case-control study was to investigate the association of DASH score with the risk of CRC and CRA in Iranian adults. Method A total of 499 participants, including 129 CRC and 130 CRA cases, along with 240 controls, were asked about their dietary intake via a validated questionnaire. The DASH score was then calculated based on a priori methods and categorized in quartiles. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess the association of DASH score and the risk of CRC and CRA. Results After adjusting for confounding variables, adherence to the DASH diet was associated with a reduction in the risk of CRC and CRA, respectively (OR of 4th versus 1st quartile = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.01–0.11, OR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.04–0.22). Also, subgroup analysis based on gender showed that women and men with a higher DASH score had a significantly lower risk of CRC and CRAs. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrated that adherence to a DASH dietary pattern could reduce the risk of CRC and CRA in men and women. Promoting a DASH eating plan can be helpful in reducing the risk of CRC.

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