Dietary Pattern in Relation With CRC Risk Among Moroccan Population; A Multicenter Case-Control Study

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global public health problem, an estimated of 1.4 million cases were diagnosed worldwide in 2012. Studies in health and nutrition confirmed that dietary factors were strongly associated with CRC risk. Aim: The objective of this empirically study was to reveal unobserved dietary profiles that were associated favorably or unfavorably with CRC risk in Moroccan study population. Methods: This case-control study included a total of 2906 participants in five centers, 1453 cases and 1453 controls, and was gender, age and center matched. Statistical exploratory data reduction methods were performed in this study population based on a specific scientific hypothesis linking dietary behavior and colorectal cancer risk. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied separately in cases and in controls as individuals and with FFQ nutritional group's heads items as variables. The correlation matrix of food variables was examined to explain most of the variation in the data, reducing a large number of food variables to a smaller set that captures the major dietary factors differences in Moroccan population. Results: Three alimentary profiles were identified for controls based on three principal component analysis, which the first one was highly positive with high cereals, fruits and nuts, legumes, fish, olive oil, dairy products and legumes consumption, and was highly negative with an increasing consumption of poultry and red meat. This component explained 26.5% of the variance in initial data and described a healthy pattern characterized with high fiber intake. In opposite, five principal components were identified for cases that indicated five nutritional profiles with a predominance of dairy products, nuts, fish consumption and low legumes, olive oil and fruits intake: its explained 15.37% of total variance. Conclusion: PCA analysis is a multidimensional factor analysis method that was used in this epidemiologic study to describe the variance in our big database in relation with CRC risk among Moroccan people. This method needs a supervised analysis such as linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to give interpretation and prediction models of CRC risk related to nutritional behavior among this study population.

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A dietary pattern rich in fruits and dairy products is inversely associated to gestational diabetes: a case-control study in Iran

BMC Endocrine Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12902-021-00707-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Abazar Roustazadeh ◽

Hamed Mir ◽

Sima Jafarirad ◽

Farideh Mogharab ◽

Seyed Ahmad Hosseini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Principal Component ◽

Case Control ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) causes many problems for mother and her neonate. A healthy diet plays an important role in preventing GDM. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between major dietary patterns and the GDM. Methods 386 healthy and 306 GDM pregnant women (total 693) completed this case-control study. Basic information and anthropometric indices were recorded, and a food frequency questionnaire was completed. For extracting major dietary patterns, the principal component analysis was performed. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine whether specific dietary patterns are associated to the GDM. Results Four dietary patterns were identified: “fruits and dairy products”, “red meat and plant-based foods”, “snacks and high-fat foods” and “carbohydrate-rich foods”. Among these major extracted dietary patterns, “fruits and dairy products” showed an inverse association to the GDM (odds ratio adjusted for confounders: 0.50, confidence interval: 0.284–0.882, p-trend = 0.019, for highest vs. lowest quartile). Conclusions It seems using a healthy dietary pattern such as “fruits and dairy products” may decrease GDM risk. Graphical abstract

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Diet-dependent acid load and the risk of colorectal cancer and adenoma: a case–control study

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980020003420 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Saeede Jafari Nasab ◽

Pegah Rafiee ◽

Alireza Bahrami ◽

Nasim Rezaeimanesh ◽

Bahram Rashidkhani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Case Control ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Colorectal Adenomas ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Acid Base Balance ◽

Acid Load ◽

Control Study

Abstract Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third and second most prevalent cancer in men and women, respectively. Various epidemiological studies indicated that dietary factors are implicated in the aetiology of CRC and its precursor, colorectal adenomas (CRA). Recently, much attention has been given to the role of acid–base balance in the development of chronic diseases including cancers. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to examine the association of diet-dependent acid load and the risk of CRC and CRA. Design: In this case–control study, potential renal acid load (PRAL) was computed based on dietary intake of participants assessed via a validated FFQ. Negative PRAL values indicated a base-forming potential, while positive values of PRAL implied acid-forming potential of diet. Logistic regression was used to derive OR and 95 % CI after adjusting for confounders. Setting: Tehran, Iran. Participants: A total of 499 participants aged 30–70 years were included in the study (240 hospital controls, 129 newly diagnosed CRC and 130 newly diagnosed CRA). The current study was conducted between December 2016 and September 2018. Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, a higher PRAL was associated with increased odds of CRC and CRA. The highest v. the lowest tertile of PRAL for CRC and CRA was OR 4·82 (95 % CI 2·51–9·25) and OR 2·47 (95 % CI 1·38–4·42), respectively. Conclusions: The findings of the current study suggested that higher diet-dependent acid load is associated with higher risk of CRC and CRA.

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Risk factors for early-onset colorectal cancer: a population-based case–control study in Ontario, Canada

Cancer Causes & Control ◽

10.1007/s10552-021-01456-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vicky C. Chang ◽

Michelle Cotterchio ◽

Prithwish De ◽

Jill Tinmouth

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Early Onset ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Supplement Use ◽

History Of ◽

Control Study

Abstract Purpose There has been an alarming increase in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence among young adults aged < 50 years, and factors driving this upward trend are unknown. This study investigated associations between various medical, lifestyle, and dietary factors and risk of early-onset CRC (EO-CRC). Methods A population-based case–control study was conducted in Ontario, Canada during 2018–2019. EO-CRC cases aged 20–49 years (n = 175) were identified from the Ontario Cancer Registry; sex- and age group-matched controls (n = 253) were recruited through random digit dialing. Data on potential a priori risk factors were collected using a web-based self-reported questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression. Results Family history of CRC in a first- or second-degree relative (OR 2.37; 95% CI 1.47–3.84), longer sedentary time (≥ 10 vs. < 5 h/day, OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.02–3.65), greater consumption of sugary drinks (≥ 7 vs. < 1 drinks/week, OR 2.99; 95% CI 1.57–5.68), and a more Westernized dietary pattern (quartile 4 vs. 1, OR 1.92; 95% CI 1.01–3.66) were each associated with an increased risk of EO-CRC. Conversely, calcium supplement use (OR 0.53; 95% CI 0.31–0.92), history of allergy or asthma (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.39–0.98), and greater parity in females (≥ 3 vs. nulliparity, OR 0.29; 95% CI 0.11–0.76) were each associated with a reduced risk. Conclusion Modifiable factors, particularly sedentary behavior and unhealthy diet including sugary drink consumption, may be associated with EO-CRC risk. Our findings, if replicated, may help inform prevention strategies targeted at younger persons.

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A population-based case-control study of colorectal cancer in majorca. I. Dietary factors

International Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1002/ijc.2910450114 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 69-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 172

Author(s):

E. Benito ◽

A. Obrador ◽

A. Stiggelbout ◽

F. X. Bosch ◽

M. Mulet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Control Study

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Interaction Between Retinol Intake and ISX rs5755368 Polymorphism in Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Case-control Study Among the Korean Population

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1191974/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anh Quynh Bui ◽

Madhawa Gunathilake ◽

Jeonghee Lee ◽

Jae Hwan Oh ◽

Hee Jin Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Regression Models ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Protective Role ◽

Case Control ◽

Total Study Population ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Study Population ◽

Control Study

Abstract There is limited evidence about the interaction between retinol intake and the intestine-specific homeobox (ISX) rs5755368 polymorphism in colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study to examine whether the ISX rs5755368 genotypes are associated with the effect of dietary retinol consumption on CRC risk. First, to identify the association between dietary retinol and CRC risk, we recruited 923 CRC patients and 1846 controls. Dietary retinol intake was assessed using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. For genetic analysis, genotype data were available for 1419 patients (600 cases and 819 controls) out of the total study population. ISX rs5755368 genotyping was performed using an Illumina MEGA-Expanded Array. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using unconditional logistic regression models. Retinol intake was inversely associated with the development of CRC (OR = 0.49; 95% CI = 0.37–0.63) after adjusting for confounders. Patients with homozygous AA genotype of the ISX rs5755368 polymorphism were less likely to have CRC risk than subjects carrying the G allele (AG+GG) (OR = 0.76; 95% CI = 0.58–0.99). Additionally, a 68% reduced risk of CRC was related to the highest retinol intake among those carrying the rs5755368 AA genotype compared to the risk of participants carrying the G allele consumed the lowest retinol intake (OR = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.20–0.53; P interaction=0.026). In conclusion, our study confirmed a protective role of retinol intake in CRC risk reduction. Moreover, this association was strengthened significantly among individuals carrying the homozygous AA genotype of the ISX rs5755368 polymorphism.

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Solanaceous Vegetables and Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Hospital-Based Matched Case-Control Study in Northeast China

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.688897 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Yang Liu ◽

Simin Li ◽

Liqing Jiang ◽

Yuchong Zhang ◽

Zhi Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Northeast China ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Conditional Logistic Regression ◽

Case Control ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Control Study

Background: Dietary factors are regarded as an essential influence in changing colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. However, there is no clear conclusion of the relationship between solanaceous vegetables and colorectal cancer at present. The study aimed to evaluate the intake of solanaceous vegetables in relation to colorectal cancer risk among the Northeast Chinese population.Methods: We carried out a hospital-based case-control study in three hospitals in Northeast China from 2009 to 2011. The study finally included 833 patients with CRC and 833 controls matched separately according to age, gender, and city of residence. We applied a structural questionnaire to collect demographic characteristics and dietary information by face-to-face interview and adopted conditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Stratified analyses were conducted by sex and subsites.Results: There was no obvious correlation between total intake of solanaceous plants and CRC risk. The adjusted OR for the highest quartile and the lowest quartile was 1 (95% CI: 0.68–1.5). Certain types of solanaceous vegetables were negatively associated with the risk of CRC, such as eggplant (OR = 0.42; 95% CI:0.29–0.62) and sweet pepper (OR = 0.48; 95%CI: 0.33–0.7). Potato was found to have a positive correlation with CRC (OR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.26–2.47). In the stratified analyses by gender, total solanaceous vegetables intake was inversely associated with CRC risk only in men. In the stratified analyses of cancer subsites, no significant association between total solanaceous vegetables intake and CRC risk was found.Conclusion: No findings showed that the intake of total solanaceous vegetables was related to the reduction of CRC risk. However, specific types of solanaceous vegetables indicated an inverse association with CRC risk.

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Consumption of modern and traditional Moroccan dairy products and colorectal cancer risk: a large case control study

European Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1007/s00394-019-01954-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

pp. 953-963 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Khaoula El Kinany ◽

Meimouna Mint Sidi Deoula ◽

Zineb Hatime ◽

Hanae Abir Boudouaya ◽

Inge Huybrechts ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽

Control Study ◽

Large Case

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Principal component analysis of routine blood test results with Parkinson's disease: A case-control study

Experimental Gerontology ◽

10.1016/j.exger.2020.111188 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 144 ◽

pp. 111188

Author(s):

Yuling Wang ◽

Hua Gao ◽

Sen Jiang ◽

Qin Luo ◽

Xuejie Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Principal Component Analysis ◽

Blood Test ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Principal Component ◽

Component Analysis ◽

Case Control ◽

Test Results ◽

Routine Blood ◽

Routine Blood Test ◽

Control Study

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Dietary Inflammatory Index and Odds of Colorectal Cancer and Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps in a Case-Control Study from Iran

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11061213 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1213 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Pegah Rafiee ◽

Nitin Shivappa ◽

James R. Hébert ◽

Saeede Jaafari Nasab ◽

Alireza Bahrami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Adenomatous Polyps ◽

Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Inflammatory Index ◽

Inflammatory Score ◽

Control Study

Background: Chronic inflammation is implicated in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its precursor; colorectal adenomatous polyps (CAP). Some dietary factors are important triggers for systemic inflammation. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and the risk of CRC and CAP in an Iranian case-control study. Methods: 134 newly diagnosed CRC patients, 130 newly diagnosed CAP patients, and 240 hospitalized controls were recruited using convenience sampling. Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) scores were computed based on dietary intake assessed using a reproducible and valid 148-item food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) after adjusting for confounders. Results: The E-DII score ranged between −4.23 (the most anti-inflammatory score) to +3.89 (the most pro-inflammatory score). The multivariable-adjusted ORs for participants in the 3rd tertile compared to the 1st tertile was 5.08 (95%CI: 2.70–9.56; P-trend < 0.0001) for CRC and 2.33 (95% CI: 1.30–4.02; P-trend = 0.005) for CAP. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that more pro-inflammatory diets, indicated by higher E-DII scores, might increase the risk of both CRC and CAP. Future steps should include testing these associations in a prospective setting in Iran.

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