Influence of maternal pre-pregnancy nutritional status on offspring anthropometric measurements and body composition in three Brazilian Birth Cohorts

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Mariane da Silva Dias ◽  
Alicia Matijasevich ◽  
Aluísio JD Barros ◽  
Ana Maria B. Menezes ◽  
Bruna Celestino Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Association Pattern ◽  
Maternity Hospitals

Abstract Objective: We aimed at evaluating the association of maternal pre-pregnancy nutritional status with offspring anthropometry and body composition. We also evaluated whether these associations were modified by gender, diet and physical activity and mediated by birth weight. Design: Birth cohort study. Setting: Waist circumference was measured with an inextensible tape, and fat and lean mass were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Multiple linear regression was used to adjust for possible confounders and allele score of BMI. We carried out mediation analysis using G-formula. Participants: In 1982, 1993 and 2004, all maternity hospitals in Pelotas (South Brazil) were visited daily and all live births whose families lived in the urban area of the city were evaluated. These subjects have been followed up at different ages. Results: Offspring of obese mothers had on average higher BMI, waist circumference and fat mass index than those of normal weight mothers, and these differences were higher among daughters. The magnitudes of the association were similar in the cohorts, except for height, where the association pattern was not clear. In the 1982 cohort, further adjustment for a BMI allele score had no material influence on the magnitude of the associations. Mediation analyses showed that birth weight captured part of this association. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that maternal pre-pregnancy nutritional status is positively associated with offspring BMI and adiposity in offspring. And this association is higher among daughters whose mother was overweight or obese and, birth weight explains part of this association.

scholarly journals Birth weight influence and maternal nutritional status in student’s body composition

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e100963403
Author(s):  
Francisca Vanessa Rocha Borges ◽  
Mônica Carvalho Gomes ◽  
Eliakim Aureliano da Silva ◽  
Leidinar Cardoso Nascimento ◽  
Rivaldo da Costa Macedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Maternal Nutritional Status ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
The City ◽  
Transversal Study ◽  
Current Weight

Objective: This paper aims to evaluate birth weight and maternal nutritional status in children’s body composition aging from 7 to 9 years old. Methods: Transversal study composed of collecting interviewee’s socio economic and anthropometrical variables in which 41 children and their mothers were evaluated in the city of Picos in Piaui state. The following mother’s anthropometrical parameters were investigated: weight, height, and waist circumference. In addition, the following student’s anthropometrical variables were collected: born and current weight, height, waist circumference (WC), arm circumference (AC), subscapular skinfold (SS), and triceps skinfold (TS). Results: Birth weight relates positively and significantly with some anthropometrical variables of children, such as: waist circumference (WC; p=0.02), arm circumference (AC; p=0.03), subscapular skinfold (SS; p=0.02), and percentage of body fat (%BF; p=0.05).  A statistically positive correlation between children’s current weight and mother’s current weight (p=0,04) was observed. Besides, a lower, but more significant inverse correlation between mother’s height and variables referring to children’s body composition was found. Conclusion: The following paper suggests that born weight correlates with children’s current bodily composition and that, no matter what the born weight is, mother’s weight is relevant to the children’s current weight, demonstrating the importance of continuous screening of nutritional status between mother and children.

scholarly journals Associations of AD Biomarkers and Cognitive Performance with Nutritional Status: The NUDAD Project

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid S. Doorduijn ◽  
Marjolein Visser ◽  
Ondine van de Rest ◽  
Maartje I. Kester ◽  
Francisca A. de Leeuw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Gender And Education

As malnutrition is common in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), we evaluated nutritional status and body composition of patients with AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and controls, and studied associations of AD biomarkers and cognitive performance with nutritional status and body composition. We included 552 participants, of which 198 patients had AD, 135 patients had MCI and 219 controls. We assessed nutritional status (mini nutritional assessment (MNA)) and body composition (body mass index (BMI), fat-free mass (FFM) and waist circumference). Linear regression analyses (adjusted for age, gender and education where appropriate) were applied to test associations of AD biomarkers and cognitive performance on five domains with nutritional parameters (dependent). Patients with MCI and AD had a lower BMI and MNA score than controls. Worse performance in all cognitive domains was associated with lower MNA score, but not with body composition. AD biomarkers were associated with MNA score, BMI and waist circumference, and associations with MNA score remained after adjustment for cognitive performance. Both AD biomarkers and cognitive performance were associated with nutritional status, associations with AD biomarkers remained after adjustment for cognition. Our data suggest that malnutrition is not only related to impaired cognition but also to AD pathology.

scholarly journals Assessment and comparison of nutritional status in children aged 0-5 years based on WHO and IAP growth charts

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1955
Author(s):  
Perumalpillai Santhakumaran ◽  
Srinivasan Govindaraj ◽  
Sivaraman Thirumalaikumarasamy
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Growth Chart ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Who Standards ◽  
Breast Fed

Background: The problems of malnutrition among under five children can be used to conclude the necessity for nutritional care, surveillance, or appropriate intervention of nutritional programmes in a community. The objective of the present study was to assess the nutritional status in under 5 children and to compare the nutritional status with WHO and IAP Growth curves and to evaluate the relationship of same with variables like literacy, income of parents, order of birth, sex of the child, birth weight and breast feeding.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study was carried out in 1052 children aged under 0-5 years hailing from middle and low socio-economic class of an urban population attended to out-patient department and ward in Government Royapettah Hospital and Anaganwadi centres in and around Royapettah during the period of November 2006 to October 2007. Anthropometric measurements such as weight, height/length, middle arm circumference (MAC) were taken for all the children and all the measurements were plotted in the IAP growth chart, WHO growth chart (Z score - 2006), BMI - WHO standards and compared.Results: Out of 1052 children, majority of the subjects were male children 535 (50.9%). As per IAP guidelines, majority of the children 513 (48.8%) were under normal weight, 5 (0.5%) of them were with very severe malnutrition. According to WHO standards most of the children 623 (59.2%) were under weight and 135 (12.8%) were under severe malnutrition. Positive correlation was observed between the nutritional status of the children with educational and employment status of parents, increasing birth weight and family income. Increasing birth order has a negative influence on nutritional status of the child. Optimally breast fed babies (Exclusively breast fed for 6 months with appropriate complementary feeds thereafter) have better nutritional status.Conclusion: The study concludes that utmost care and attention must be focused on child’s nutrition by giving priority to education for poor community especially for women, creating awareness regarding benefits of early initiation of breastfeeding and limiting family size.

scholarly journals Pentraxin 3 Levels in Young Women with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in relation to the Nutritional Status and Systemic Inflammation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Wyskida ◽  
Grzegorz Franik ◽  
Piotr Choręza ◽  
Natalia Pohl ◽  
Leszek Markuszewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Pentraxin 3 ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Pcos Group ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Estradiol Levels

Objective. The aim of the study was to assess PTX3 levels in PCOS and non-PCOS women in relation to nutritional status and circulating markers of inflammation. Methods. The study enrolled 99 stable body mass PCOS women (17 normal weight, 21 overweight, and 61 obese) and 61 non-PCOS women (24 normal weight, 19 overweight, and 18 obese). Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance, and plasma levels of pentraxin 3 (PTX3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) were measured. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was made. Results. Plasma PTX3, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels and HOMA-IR were higher in PCOS than in non-PCOS group p<0.001. There were positive correlations between log10 (PTX3) and log10 (BMI), waist circumference and fat percentage, as well as log10 (HOMA-IR) and free androgen index but negative between log10 (estradiol) levels in PCOS. While in the non-PCOS group, the correlations between log10 (PTX3) and log10 (BMI), waist circumference and fat percentage, as well as log10 (HOMA-IR) were negative. The positive correlations between PTX3 and MPC-1 and log10 (IL-6) were shown in the PCOS group only. In multivariate regression analyses, variability in PTX3 levels in the PCOS group was proportional to log10 (BMI), waist circumference, and fat percentage, but inversely proportional to log10 (estradiol) levels. While in the non-PCOS group, PTX3 levels were inversely proportional to all anthropometric parameters. Conclusions. Our results show that the decrease in PTX3 levels observed in obese is distorted in PCOS by microinflammation, and possibly, dysfunction of stroma adipose tissue and liver steatosis is reflected by enhanced insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Birth weight, biological maturation and obesity in adolescents: a mediation analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Werneck ◽  
D. R. P. Silva ◽  
P. J. Collings ◽  
R. A. Fernandes ◽  
E. R. V. Ronque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
School Based ◽  
Biological Maturation

This study was aimed to investigate associations between birth weight and multiple adiposity indicators in youth, and to examine potential mediating effects by biological maturation. This was a school-based study involving 981 Brazilian adolescents aged between 10 and 17 years. Birth weight was reported retrospectively by mothers. Maturation was estimated by age of peak height velocity. Adiposity indicators included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and percent body fat estimated from triceps and subscapular skinfolds. Multilevel mediation analyses were performed using the Sobel test, adjusted for chronological age, gestational age, cardiorespiratory fitness and socio-economic status. Except for body fat in girls, biological maturation partly or fully mediated (P<0.05) positive relationships between birth weight with all other obesity indicators in both sexes with their respective values of indirect effects with 95% confidence intervals: BMI [boys: 0.44 (0.06–0.82); girls: 0.38 (0.13–0.64)], waist circumference [boys: 1.14 (0.22–2.05); girls: 0.87 (0.26–1.48)] and body fat [boys: 0.60 (0.13–1.07)]. To conclude, birth weight is associated with elevated obesity risk in adolescence and biological maturation seems to at least partly mediate this relationship.

scholarly journals Nutritional status and related factors of schoolchildren in Çorum, Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atakan Comba ◽  
Emre Demir ◽  
Nadiye Barış Eren
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Normal Height ◽  
Feeding Duration

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to determine nutritional status and related factors among schoolchildren in Çorum, Central Anatolia, Turkey.DesignSchoolchildren’s height and weight were measured to calculate BMI and BMI Z-scores. Height, weight and BMI Z-scores were analysed and nutritional status classified according to the WHO.SettingCentral Anatolia, Turkey.ParticipantsSchoolchildren aged 5–17 years (n 1684) participated in study.ResultsOf children, 4·2% were stunted, 6·9% thin, 13·8% overweight and 6·6% were obese. Proportions of stunting, thinness and overweight/obesity were significantly higher in children aged >10 years (78·6, 75·0 and 64·9%, respectively) than in those aged ≤10 years (21·4, 25·0 and 35·1%, respectively; all P <0·001). Median (range) birth weight and breast-feeding duration in children with stunting (2750 (1400–3600)g; 10 (0–36) months) were significantly lower and shorter, respectively, than those of normal height (3200 (750–5500)g; 15 (0–72) months) and tall children (3500 (2500–4900)g; 18 (0–36) months; P <0·001, <0·001, 0·011 and 0·016, respectively). The same relationship was observed in thin children (3000 (1000–4500)g; 12 (0–36) months) compared with normal-weight (3200 (750–5500)g; 15 (0–72) months) and overweight/obese children (3300 (1200–5500)g; 16 (0–48) months; P=0·026, <0·001, 0·045 and 0·011, respectively).ConclusionsOverweight and obesity are health problems that must be addressed in schoolchildren. Adolescents also have a risk of double malnutrition. Promoting normal birth weight and encouraging long duration of breast-feeding are important to support normal growth in children.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic status, remoteness and tracking of nutritional status from childhood to adulthood in an Australian Aboriginal Birth Cohort: the ABC study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e033631
Author(s):  
Pauline Sjöholm ◽  
Katja Pahkala ◽  
Belinda Davison ◽  
Markus Juonala ◽  
Gurmeet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Maternal Bmi

ObjectivesTo determine prevalences of underweight and overweight as well as low and high waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in three prospective follow-ups and to explore tracking of these measures of nutritional status from childhood to adolescence and adulthood. The influence of socioeconomic status, remoteness, maternal body mass index (BMI) and birth weight on weight status was assessed.DesignLongitudinal birth cohort study of Indigenous Australians.SettingData derived from three follow-ups of the Aboriginal Birth Cohort study with mean ages of 11.4, 18.2 and 25.4 years for the participants.ParticipantsOf the 686 Indigenous babies recruited to the study between 1987 and 1990, 315 had anthropometric measurements for all three follow-ups and were included in this study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresBMI categories (underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity),WHtR categories (low and high), sex, areal socioeconomic disadvantage as defined by the Indigenous Relative Socioeconomic Outcomes index, urban/remote residence, maternal BMI and birth weight. Logistic regression was used to calculate ORs for belonging to a certain BMI category in adolescence and adulthood according to BMI category in childhood and adolescence.ResultsUnderweight was common (38% in childhood and 24% in adulthood) and the prevalence of overweight/obesity increased with age (12% in childhood and 35% in adulthood). Both extremes of weight status as well as low and high WHtR tracked from childhood to adulthood. Underweight was more common and overweight was less common in remote and more disadvantaged areas. Birth weight and maternal BMI were associated with later weight status. There were significant sex differences for prevalences and tracking of WHtR but not for BMI.ConclusionsSocioeconomic factors, remoteness and gender must be addressed when assessing nutrition-related issues in the Indigenous communities due to the variation in nutritional status and its behaviour over time within the Indigenous population.

scholarly journals Early marriage as a risk factor for undernutrition among children aged under three years old in Gangga Subdistrict, North Lombok District

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Suhartiningsih Suhartiningsih ◽  
Ni Luh Putu Suariyani ◽  
Mangku Karmaya
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Public Health Centre ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Mother’S Age

Background and purpose: The prevalence of severe and mild undernutrition among children aged under five years in North Lombok District is ranked second in West Nusa Tenggara Province after Bima City. The number of reported cases of early marriages in West Nusa Tenggara is higher than the national average. This study aims to examine the association between early marriages and undernutrition among children aged under three years in Gangga Subdistrict, North Lombok District.Methods: A case-control study was conducted with a total of 49 cases (severe undernourished children) and 98 controls (normal-weight children). A systematic random sampling was used to select all cases and controls from the health post register based on the weight/age indicator in Gangga Public Health Centre. Variables of sex and residency were matched between cases and controls. Data were collected from October to November 2016 through interviews with the mother at their house. Logistic regression using a software STATA SE 12.1 was employed to identify the association between early marriages and nutritional status of the children.Results: Cases and controls were comparable based on children’s gender, mother’s age, area of residency, employment status of mother, and family income. There were significant differences on children’s age and mother’s education. Multivariate analysis showed an association between the nutritional status and early marriages with adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=5.21 (95%CI: 1.36-19.95), the frequency of sickness over the last three months (AOR=1.93; 95%CI: 1.26-2.97) and low birth weight (AOR=14.12; 95%CI: 3.37-59.05).Conclusions: Early marriages, frequency of sickness over the last three months, and low birth weight are associated with undernutrition among children aged under three years. Preventative measures to prevent early marriages, child infections and low birth weight need to be enhanced.

scholarly journals Changes in Sugar Sweetened Beverage Intake Related to Changes in Body Composition in Mexican Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1029-1029
Author(s):  
Lindsey English ◽  
Karen Peterson ◽  
Erica Jansen ◽  
Yanelli Rodríguez-Carmona ◽  
Martha Maria Téllez-Rojo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Mexican Adolescents

Abstract Objectives To examine the relationship between changes in sugar sweetened beverage (SSB) intake and changes in adiposity over a two-year period during adolescence in a Mexico City cohort. Methods The analytic sample comprised 511 Mexican adolescents enrolled in a birth cohort study with complete information on sugar sweetened beverage intake and body composition for two time points. In 2015 and 2017, a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) from the 2006 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey was administered to participants ages 9 to 20. Seven variables from the FFQ were summed to use as daily servings of SSBs as a predictor: regular soda, coffee with sugar, tea with sugar, sweetened fruit water, chocolate milk, corn atole, and Yakult (sweetened probiotic milk beverage). Adiposity measurements included body mass index (BMI), body fat % estimated by bioelectrical impedance, and waist circumference, measured by trained research assistants using standard techniques. We used linear regression models with changes in adiposity measures as the continuous outcome and quartiles of change in sugar sweetened beverage intake as the predictor adjusting for age, sex, household socioeconomic status, screen time, and physical activity. Results At baseline (2015), mean age was 14.5 ± 2.1 years with 48% male. The median intake of SSBs was 341 mL/day (IQR = 463 mL) for males and 257 mL/day (IQR = 391 mL) for females. The median SSB intake change over the 2-year period was a 51 mL decrease (IQR = 441 mL) for males and no change (IQR = 360 mL) for females. In adjusted analyses, adolescents with the highest change in SSB intake (Quartile 4,274.3 mL median (IQR = 297.1) increase in SSB intake) had a 0.30 increase kg/m2 in BMI (95% CI −0.15, 0.75), a 1.14% increase in body fat (95% CI −0.02, 2.31), and a 1.64 cm increase in waist circumference (95% CI 0.27, 3.00), compared to those with decreases or no change in SSB intake. Conclusions Increased intake of sugar sweetened beverages was associated with higher changes in body fat percentage, waist circumference, and BMI over a two-year period among Mexican adolescents. Funding Sources This project was supported by a P01 research grant through the NIH/NIEHS.

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