scholarly journals Nutritional status and related factors of schoolchildren in Çorum, Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atakan Comba ◽  
Emre Demir ◽  
Nadiye Barış Eren
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Normal Height ◽  
Feeding Duration

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to determine nutritional status and related factors among schoolchildren in Çorum, Central Anatolia, Turkey.DesignSchoolchildren’s height and weight were measured to calculate BMI and BMI Z-scores. Height, weight and BMI Z-scores were analysed and nutritional status classified according to the WHO.SettingCentral Anatolia, Turkey.ParticipantsSchoolchildren aged 5–17 years (n 1684) participated in study.ResultsOf children, 4·2% were stunted, 6·9% thin, 13·8% overweight and 6·6% were obese. Proportions of stunting, thinness and overweight/obesity were significantly higher in children aged >10 years (78·6, 75·0 and 64·9%, respectively) than in those aged ≤10 years (21·4, 25·0 and 35·1%, respectively; all P <0·001). Median (range) birth weight and breast-feeding duration in children with stunting (2750 (1400–3600)g; 10 (0–36) months) were significantly lower and shorter, respectively, than those of normal height (3200 (750–5500)g; 15 (0–72) months) and tall children (3500 (2500–4900)g; 18 (0–36) months; P <0·001, <0·001, 0·011 and 0·016, respectively). The same relationship was observed in thin children (3000 (1000–4500)g; 12 (0–36) months) compared with normal-weight (3200 (750–5500)g; 15 (0–72) months) and overweight/obese children (3300 (1200–5500)g; 16 (0–48) months; P=0·026, <0·001, 0·045 and 0·011, respectively).ConclusionsOverweight and obesity are health problems that must be addressed in schoolchildren. Adolescents also have a risk of double malnutrition. Promoting normal birth weight and encouraging long duration of breast-feeding are important to support normal growth in children.

Influence of maternal pre-pregnancy nutritional status on offspring anthropometric measurements and body composition in three Brazilian Birth Cohorts

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Mariane da Silva Dias ◽  
Alicia Matijasevich ◽  
Aluísio JD Barros ◽  
Ana Maria B. Menezes ◽  
Bruna Celestino Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Association Pattern ◽  
Maternity Hospitals

Abstract Objective: We aimed at evaluating the association of maternal pre-pregnancy nutritional status with offspring anthropometry and body composition. We also evaluated whether these associations were modified by gender, diet and physical activity and mediated by birth weight. Design: Birth cohort study. Setting: Waist circumference was measured with an inextensible tape, and fat and lean mass were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Multiple linear regression was used to adjust for possible confounders and allele score of BMI. We carried out mediation analysis using G-formula. Participants: In 1982, 1993 and 2004, all maternity hospitals in Pelotas (South Brazil) were visited daily and all live births whose families lived in the urban area of the city were evaluated. These subjects have been followed up at different ages. Results: Offspring of obese mothers had on average higher BMI, waist circumference and fat mass index than those of normal weight mothers, and these differences were higher among daughters. The magnitudes of the association were similar in the cohorts, except for height, where the association pattern was not clear. In the 1982 cohort, further adjustment for a BMI allele score had no material influence on the magnitude of the associations. Mediation analyses showed that birth weight captured part of this association. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that maternal pre-pregnancy nutritional status is positively associated with offspring BMI and adiposity in offspring. And this association is higher among daughters whose mother was overweight or obese and, birth weight explains part of this association.

scholarly journals Comparison and agreement of criteria for the BMI classification of physically active elderly women living in the Backlands, semi-arid Region

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo De Maio Nascimento ◽  
Luiz Gabriel Dantas Pereira ◽  
Phillipe Ramon Nogueira Cordeiro ◽  
Luciana Márcia Gomes de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: The study of the nutritional status of the elderly deserves attention, since there is no consensus on the criteria for the evaluation of the Body Mass Index (BMI) of this population.Objective: To evaluate the nutritional status of elderly women practicing regular physical exercises, as well as to compare the World Health Organization (WHO) and Lipschitz criteria to the identification of health risk and to examine their agreement.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study with 76 elderly women in physical exercise groups in Petrolina-PE. The nutritional status was obtained by the calculation of BMI according to WHO and Lipschitz criteria. The analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the variables, followed by Tukey post hoc. The Kappa statistic established the agreement between the BMI criteria, the Spearman coefficient determined the correlation between BMI and abdominal circumference (AC).Results: Elderly patients aged 60-79 years were classified as being overweight by WHO and eutrophic by Lipschitz. Octogenarian demonstrated eutrophy, according to the criterion of Lipschitz, WHO diverged for this group between thinness and eutrophy. There was a weak agreement between both criteria, Kappa (0.232, p = 0.002) and a strong correlation between BMI and CA (r = 0.722, p <0.001).Conclusion: There was a divergence between the WHO and Lipschitz criteria. The WHO proved to be more sensitive to identifying overweight and obesity and Lipschitz's normal weight and malnutrition. The CA measure was more competent to detect health risk, especially in elderly eutrophic women.

scholarly journals Developmental pathways and programming of diabetes: epidemiological aspects

2019 ◽  
Vol 242 (1) ◽  
pp. T95-T104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan G Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Increased Risk

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major, rapidly increasing global public health challenge. The major risk factors for T2D include overweight and obesity, lifestyle-related factors and genetic factors. Early life exposures shape the developmental trajectories and alter susceptibility to T2D. Based on epidemiological studies it has been suggested that fetal undernutrition plays a role in the etiology of T2D. A low birth weight has been considered a proxy for fetal undernutrition. A meta-analysis reported that a 1 kg increase in birth weight is associated with a roughly 20% lower risk of T2D. Although fetal life is of major importance for future health, the period spanning the first 1000 days of life, is characterized by great plasticity and largely influencing later health. Different growth trajectories during this time period have also been associated with an increased risk of T2D. Studies assessing the association between age at BMI rebound in childhood and later risk for T2D have reported a fivefold difference in T2D according to age at BMI rebound. Developmental and epidemiological cohort studies focusing on T2D have major public health implications supporting a paradigm shift; a shift from focusing upon risk factor modification in adult life to adopting a life course perspective when studying T2D. This paradigm shift will not only help us in getting a better understanding of the pathophysiology underlying T2D, but it will also open new possibilities and opportunities in the prevention of T2D and related disorders.

scholarly journals Assessment and comparison of nutritional status in children aged 0-5 years based on WHO and IAP growth charts

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1955
Author(s):  
Perumalpillai Santhakumaran ◽  
Srinivasan Govindaraj ◽  
Sivaraman Thirumalaikumarasamy
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Growth Chart ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Who Standards ◽  
Breast Fed

Background: The problems of malnutrition among under five children can be used to conclude the necessity for nutritional care, surveillance, or appropriate intervention of nutritional programmes in a community. The objective of the present study was to assess the nutritional status in under 5 children and to compare the nutritional status with WHO and IAP Growth curves and to evaluate the relationship of same with variables like literacy, income of parents, order of birth, sex of the child, birth weight and breast feeding.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study was carried out in 1052 children aged under 0-5 years hailing from middle and low socio-economic class of an urban population attended to out-patient department and ward in Government Royapettah Hospital and Anaganwadi centres in and around Royapettah during the period of November 2006 to October 2007. Anthropometric measurements such as weight, height/length, middle arm circumference (MAC) were taken for all the children and all the measurements were plotted in the IAP growth chart, WHO growth chart (Z score - 2006), BMI - WHO standards and compared.Results: Out of 1052 children, majority of the subjects were male children 535 (50.9%). As per IAP guidelines, majority of the children 513 (48.8%) were under normal weight, 5 (0.5%) of them were with very severe malnutrition. According to WHO standards most of the children 623 (59.2%) were under weight and 135 (12.8%) were under severe malnutrition. Positive correlation was observed between the nutritional status of the children with educational and employment status of parents, increasing birth weight and family income. Increasing birth order has a negative influence on nutritional status of the child. Optimally breast fed babies (Exclusively breast fed for 6 months with appropriate complementary feeds thereafter) have better nutritional status.Conclusion: The study concludes that utmost care and attention must be focused on child’s nutrition by giving priority to education for poor community especially for women, creating awareness regarding benefits of early initiation of breastfeeding and limiting family size.

scholarly journals Influence of nutritional status on eating habits and food choice determinants among Brazilian women during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Caruso Mazzolani ◽  
Fabiana Infante Smaira ◽  
Gabriel Perri Esteves ◽  
Heloísa C. Santo André ◽  
Milla Cordeiro Amarante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Affect Regulation ◽  
Food Choice ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Grocery Shopping ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Weight Regression

ABSTRACTWe aimed to evaluate the influence of nutritional status on eating habits and food choice determinants among Brazilian women during the COVID-19 outbreak. This cross-sectional survey was conducted between June and September, 2020, period in which social distancing measures were in place. Participants (n=1,183) were classified as normal weight (60.4%), overweight (26.2%) and obese (13.4%). Eating habits changed during quarantine irrespective of nutritional status. The number of women participating in grocery shopping was reduced by 34% during quarantine (p<0.001, OR=0.55, 0.79), whereas participation in cooking and ordering delivery service increased by 28% (p=0.004, OR=1.08, 1.51) and 146% (p<0.001, OR=2.06, 2.95), respectively. The number of participants reporting the habit of snacking (p=0.005, OR=1.07, 1.43) and eating at the table increased by 24% and 40% (p<0.001, OR=1.20, 1.64). Interestingly, the number of participants reporting the habit of dieting decreased by 41% (p<0.001, OR=0.59 [0.50, 0.70]). During the quarantine, “liking”, “need and hunger”, and “habits” were the most commonly reported determinants of food choice overall. “Health”, “natural concerns” and “need and hunger” were less important determinants for participants with overweight/obesity compared to those with normal weight. Regression models showed that (i) “health”, “natural concerns” and “affect regulation”; (ii) “health”, “pleasure”, “convenience”, and “natural concerns”; and (iii) “visual appeal” and “pleasure” were the food choice determinants more associated with eating habits among women with normal weight, overweight and obesity, respectively. In conclusion, eating habits were influenced during the pandemic despite nutritional status, whereas food choice determinants differed between overweight/obesity and normal weight women.

scholarly journals Pronounced social inequality in health-related factors and quality of life in women and men from Austria who are overweight or obese

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Tatjana Burkert ◽  
Wolfgang Freidl
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Health Related

Background The burden of social inequalities in health as well as the association between obesity with morbidity and mortality is a worldwide problem. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate health-related factors, health, and quality of life in Austrian women and men with normal weight, overweight, and obesity with a different socioeconomic status (SES) based on actual data from 2015. Methods This representative population-based study was based on self-reported data of 15,338 Austrian adults (8,425 women and 6,933 men) in 2014/2015. Data of the Austrian Health Interview Survey was analyzed stratified by sex and adjusted for age concerning health-related behavior, health, and quality of life. Results The results have shown that people with a low SES differ significantly from those of high SES concerning health-related factors (e.g., eating behavior, physical activity), health and impairment due to chronic conditions, as well as quality of life. Obesity in women and men was associated with poorer health-related factors and more chronic conditions as well as unfavorable psychological aspects. In women, the results showed a significant body mass index*SES interaction for impairment due to disorders, the number of chronic conditions and quality of life in the domain of physical health. In men, the interaction was significant regarding alcohol consumption, as well as health impairment. The SES has a strong negative impact on health which implies that people of low SES have more health problems which especially concerns individuals who are obese. Therefore, a continuous target group-oriented, non-discriminatory, interdisciplinary public health program is required, prioritizing women, and men with obesity with a low SES.

scholarly journals Area-level socioeconomic disparity trends in nutritional status among 5–6-year-old children in Israel

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (11) ◽  
pp. 1049-1054
Author(s):  
Yiska Loewenberg Weisband ◽  
Vered Kaufman-Shriqui ◽  
Yael Wolff Sagy ◽  
Michal Krieger ◽  
Wiessam Abu Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Quality Of Healthcare ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Programme ◽  
Over Time

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess area-level socioeconomic position (SEP) disparities in nutritional status, to determine whether disparities differed by sex and to assess whether nutritional status and disparities changed over time.DesignWe used repeated cross-sectional data from a national programme that evaluates the quality of healthcare in Israel to assess children’s nutritional status.SettingThe study included all Israeli residents aged 7 years during 2014–2018 (n=699 255).MethodsSEP was measured based on the Central Bureau of Statistics’ statistical areas, and grouped into categories, ranging from 1 (lowest) to 10 (highest). We used multivariable multinomial regression to assess the association between SEP and nutritional status and between year and nutritional status. We included interactions between year and SEP to assess whether disparities changed over time.ResultsChildren in SEP 1, comprised entirely of children from the Bedouin population from Southern Israel, had drastically higher odds of thinness compared with those in the highest SEP (Girls: OR 5.02, 99% CI 2.23 to 11.30; Boys: OR 2.03, 99% CI 1.19 to 3.48). Odds of obesity were highest in lower-middle SEPs (ORSEP 5 vs 10 1.84, 99% CI 1.34 to 2.54). Prevalence of overweight and obesity decreased between 2014 and 2018, normal weight increased and thinness did not change. SEP disparities in thinness decreased over time in boys but showed a reverse trend for girls. No substantial improvement was seen in SEP disparities for other weight categories.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates the need to consider initiatives to combat the considerable SEP disparities in both thinness and obesity.

Nutritional status of breast cancer patients and the related factors at Vietnam National Cancer hospital in 2019-2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Hoang Ha Linh ◽  
Le Xuan Hung ◽  
Pham Quang Thai ◽  
Hoang Thi Hai Van ◽  
Do Thi Thanh Toan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cancer Hospital

A cross-sectional study on 170 breast cancer patients to describe nutritional status of breast cancer patients and the related factors at Vietnam National Cancer hospital in 2019-2020. The results revealed that overweight and obesity were the most common problem among breast cancer survivors. Up to 38% of studied patients are diagnosed as overweight or obesity using BMI classification; 84.71% are overweight while 80% of the studied subjects had central obesity. Alcohol abuse and surgery treatment were the factors worsening the risk of malnutrition of the study subjects (OR = 8.2 and 13.6, respectively). Low frequency of meat consumption (<1-3 times/week) has a higher risk of malnutrition than those who used meat daily (OR = 88.6). In addition, the age group, physical activities, chemotherapy and menopausal status affected the overweight and obesity status of breast cancer survivors (OR= 2.5, 10.7, 20.3 and 4.1, respectively). Low frequency consumption of vegetables increased the risk of overweight (OR=3.2). It is necessary to assess and screen the nutritional status for hospitalized patients immediately before treatment. Food intake and nutritional status of patients should also be paid attention in order to improve general health status and treatment outcome of breastcancer patients.

Hierarchy of Associations Between BMI-for-Agez-Scores, Growth and Family Social Status Among Urban Bengali Girls of Siliguri Town, West Bengal: A St. Nicolas House Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 2277436X2110436
Author(s):  
Binu Dorjee ◽  
Pallabi Saha ◽  
Jaydip Sen
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Short Stature ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Parametric Data ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
Height For Age

The present study assesses the association of different socio-economic variables with children’s BMI-for-age z-scores (BAZ) and influence of children’s height on BAZ, a proxy index of nutritional status. The study was undertaken among 322 girls belonging to the Bengali Hindu Caste Population (BHCP) aged 5–13 years. These girls were the students of two schools located in Siliguri town of West Bengal, India. The prevalence of short stature, underweight and overweight was assessed using the World Health Organization’s ( WHO, 2007 , Growth Reference Data for 5–19 years) references. The statistical analyses used were St. Nicolas House Analysis (SNHA), analysis of variance (ANOVA), linear and logistic regression. The prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity was 19.3%, 17.8% and 5.9%, respectively. The prevalence of short stature (−2.0 HAZ) was 8.7%. The range of BAZ was from −5.69 to 4.15. The variation of BAZ explained by height-for-age z-scores (HAZ) was 11.4%. The BAZ was observed to be associated with mothers’ occupation as revealed by 2% variation through SNHA analysis. The present study observed the usefulness of SNHA for non-parametric data with unequal sub-sample or categories. However, SNHA was not devised to assess the direction and magnitude of variables of interest. The finding of the present study supports the use of BAZ as a proxy adiposity measure among the overweight/obese populations and populations with normal growth in height. The study further supports the recommendations that mother empowerment can help improve nutritional status of a girl child.

Review of the importance of nutrition during the first 1000 days: maternal nutritional status and its associations with fetal growth and birth, neonatal and infant outcomes among African women

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Wrottesley ◽  
C. Lamper ◽  
P. T. Pisa
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Infant Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Nutritional Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Maternal Overweight

Maternal nutritional status (MNS) is a strong predictor of growth and development in the first 1000 days of life and may influence susceptibility to non-communicable diseases in adulthood. However, the role of nutrition during this window of developmental plasticity in Africa is unclear. This paper reviews published data to address whether maternal nutrition during the first 1000 days is important for Africa, with a focus on MNS and its associations with fetal growth and birth, neonatal and infant outcomes. A systematic approach was used to search the following databases: Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, SciSearch and Cochrane Library. In all, 26 studies met the inclusion criteria for the specific objectives. MNS in Africa showed features typical of the epidemiological transition: higher prevalences of maternal overweight and obesity and lower underweight, poor diet quality 1 and high anaemia prevalence. Maternal body mass index and greater gestational weight gain (GWG) were positively associated with birth weight; however, maternal overweight and obesity were associated with increased risk of macrosomia and intrauterine growth restriction. Maternal anaemia was associated with lower birth weight. Macro- and micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy were associated with improvements in GWG, birth weight and mortality risk. Data suggest poor MNS in Africa and confirms the importance of the first 1000 days as a critical period for nutritional intervention to improve growth, birth outcomes and potential future health risk. However, there is a lack of data beyond birth and a need for longitudinal data through infancy to 2 years of age.

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