Microstructural Characterization of Consolidant Products for Historical Renders: An Innovative Nanostructured Lime Dispersion and a More Traditional Ethyl Silicate Limewater Solution

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1181-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Borsoi ◽  
Martha Tavares ◽  
Rosário Veiga ◽  
Antonio Santos Silva
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Silica Gels ◽  
Ethyl Silicate ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Agglomeration Process ◽  
Surface Consolidation ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe conservation and durability of historical renders must be carried out through compatible techniques and materials. An important operation is the restitution of historical renders cohesion, turned friable by the loss of binder, usually due to physical and/or chemical actions. Surface consolidation is based on the use of materials with aggregating properties. This operation is reached usually through the application of organic or mineral consolidants, but inorganic consolidants are becoming preferred due to better compatibility and durability. In this article two mineral compatible consolidation products were studied: a commercial suspension of calcium hydroxide nanoparticles in propanol and a limewater dispersion of ethyl silicate. Microscopy (optical and scanning electron microscopy) and X-ray microanalyses of the consolidation products and of the consolidated mortar specimens were carried out. To assess the mechanical properties and product's efficacy, analyses of the compression, flexural strength, and superficial hardness were performed. Microscopy results show that limewater dispersion of ethyl silicate forms platelike silica gels, which can interfere in product penetration. Otherwise, nanolime particles permit homogeneous distribution and optimum penetration on the treated substrate, improving cementing action and the agglomeration process.

Microstructural characterization of biobased carbon foam by means of X-ray microtomography and compared to conventional techniques

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (98) ◽  
pp. 96057-96064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliette Merle ◽  
Pascale Sénéchal ◽  
Fabrice Guerton ◽  
Peter Moonen ◽  
Pierre Trinsoutrot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Carbon Foam ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mercury Intrusion ◽  
Scanning Electron

The objective of this work is to compare three techniques for characterizing the morphology of porous bio-based carbon foam, namely mercury intrusion porosimetry, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microtomography.

Treatment of Wastewater Using Porous Ceramics of Hydroxyapatite

2014 ◽  
Vol 979 ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
P. Chankachang ◽  
S. Chantara ◽  
S. Punyanitya ◽  
C. Saelee
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Thermal Processes ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this work, hydroxyapatite (HA) powder derived from pig bone was prepared by thermal processes. The effect of heat treatment temperatures on crystallinity and microstructure of the HA powder were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The powders are uniaxially compact and then sintering at 900°C-1050°C in air. The microstructural characterization of the porous was carried out by SEM. Filtration studies using the sintered porous HA ceramic were performed for sanitary wastewater. The analysis of raw water sample and filtered water were performed. The results showed that the water permeated through the porous HA ceramics could be cleaner water to meet of environmental standard.

Fabrication B-Ni-Al Shielding Materials by Vacuum Metal Infiltration

2013 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 410-413
Author(s):  
Chao Wang ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Xiang Xin Xue ◽  
Xiao Zhou Cao
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Al Alloys ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Al Composite ◽  
Metal Infiltration ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this paper, B-Ni-Al shield materials were fabricated by vacuum metal infiltration. The B-Ni-Al Composite were fabricated by preheating BN+Ni at 1550°C for one hour before infiltrating Al alloys into the preforms in a vacuum at 1100°C for two hours. Microstructural characterization of the materials obtained was performed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Mechanical properties were evaluated by fracture toughness and bending strength. AlN was produced with interfacial reactions between Al and BN.

Microstructural characterization of quenched melt-textured YBa2Cu3O7−δ materials

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 624-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Alarco ◽  
E. Olsson ◽  
S. J. Golden ◽  
A. Bhargava ◽  
T. Yamashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Solidification Front ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

The microstructure of YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) materials, melt-textured in air and quenched from the temperature range 900–;990 °C, has been characterized using a combination of x-ray diffractometry, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry. BaCu2O2 and BaCuO2 were found to coexist in samples quenched from the temperature range 920–960 °C. The formation of BaCu2O2 preceded the formation of YBCO. Once the YBCO had formed, BaCu2O2 was present at the solidification front filling the space between nearly parallel platelets of YBCO. Large Y2BaCuO2 particles at the solidification front appeared divided into smaller ones as a result of their dissolution in the liquid that quenched as BaCu2O2.

Development of MTA/HAp Biomaterials for Use in Endodontics

2014 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
C.M.B. Barros ◽  
D.C.R.E. Dantas ◽  
L.B.C. Fontes ◽  
A.C.F.M. Costa ◽  
K.M.S. Viana
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Crystalline Phases ◽  
Radiographic Appearance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

This work aims to conduct a study of development and characterization of a new endodontic biociment, the MTA/HAp. To this was used MTA Angelus®and a HAp synthesized in the laboratory in the proportions by weight 99% MTA/1% HAp (BIOC 1) and 95% MTA/5% HAp (BIOC 5), where the hydroxyapatite was added in order to introduce MTA to the characteristic of osteoconduction. The tests for the characterization of new cement were: X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and radiographic appearance. The results showed that the new developed biociments were obtained efficiently, since they showed the same crystalline phases of its starting materials (mineral trioxide aggregate and hydroxyapatite), with a morphology consisting of agglomerates of homogeneous distribution of irregular size and shape particles pre-sintered spherical and radiopacity feasible to be used in endodontics.Keywords:biomaterial,sealer,mineraltrioxideaggregate,hydroxyapatite.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Mahamayuri Vidyarajni Sutra excavated in Lu’an, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Liu ◽  
Decai Gong ◽  
Zhengquan Yao ◽  
Liangjie Xu ◽  
Zhanyun Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tang Dynasty ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Lead White ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Micro Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Historically, sutras played an important role in spreading Buddhist faith and doctrine, and today these remain important records of Buddhist thought and culture. A Mahamayuri Vidyarajni Sutra with polychrome paintings was found inside the cavity on top of the Nanmen Buddhist pagoda, built in the early Tang dynasty (618–627 CE) and located in Anhui Province, China. Textile was found on the preface which is strongly degraded and fragile. Unfortunately, the whole sutra is under severe degradation and is incomplete. Technical analysis based on scientific methods will benefits the conservation of the sutra. Optical microscopy (OM), micro-Raman spectroscopy combined with optical microscope (Raman), scanning electron microscopy in combination with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM–EDS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the pigment and gilded material, as well as the paper fiber and textile. Pigments such as cinnabar, minium, paratacamite, azurite, lead white were found. Gilded material was identified as gold. A five-heddle warp satin, made of silk, was found as the textile on the preface of the sutra. The sutra’s preface and inner pages were made of paper comprised of bamboo and bark. As a magnificent yet recondite treasure of Buddhism, the sutra was analyzed for a better understanding of the material. A conservation project of the sutra will be scheduled accordingly.

Preliminary Preparation and Characterization Studies of Cellulose from Merbau (Intsia bijuga)

2012 ◽  
Vol 620 ◽  
pp. 314-319
Author(s):  
Nur Amira Mamat Razali ◽  
Fauziah Abdul Aziz ◽  
Saadah Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Preliminary Preparation ◽  
Characterization Studies ◽  
Scanning Electron

Hardwood is wood from angiosperm trees. The characteristic of hardwood include flowers, endosperm within seeds and the production of fruits that contain the seeds. This paper aims to discuss the preparation and characterization of cellulose obtained from hardwood. The hardwood Merbau (Intsia bijuga) was chosen as raw material in this study. Alkaline treatment and delignification methods were used for the preparation of cellulose. Acid hydrolysis was employed to produce cellulose nanocrystal (CNC). The treated and untreated samples were characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The final product, from both trated and untreated samples were then compared.

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of BiFeO3 Polyhedral Crystallites

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 508-511
Author(s):  
Lin Lin Yang ◽  
Yong Gang Wang ◽  
Yu Jiang Wang ◽  
Xiao Feng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

BiFeO3 polyhedrons had been successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal method. The as-prepared products were characterized by power X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The possible mechanisms for the formation of BiFeO3 polyhedrons were discussed. Though comparison experiments, it was found that the kind of precursor played a key role on the morphology control of BiFeO3 crystals.

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