scholarly journals A knowledge-based approach for selecting information sources

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS EITER ◽  
MICHAEL FINK ◽  
HANS TOMPITS
Keyword(s):  
Information Sources ◽  
Query Language ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Logic Programs ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Source Selection ◽  
User Query ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThrough the Internet and the World-Wide Web, a vast number of information sources has become available, which offer information on various subjects by different providers, often in heterogeneous formats. This calls for tools and methods for building an advanced information-processing infrastructure. One issue in this area is the selection of suitable information sources in query answering. In this paper, we present a knowledge-based approach to this problem, in the setting where one among a set of information sources (prototypically, data repositories) should be selected for evaluating a user query. We use extended logic programs (ELPs) to represent rich descriptions of the information sources, an underlying domain theory, and user queries in a formal query language (here, XML-QL, but other languages can be handled as well). Moreover, we use ELPs for declarative query analysis and generation of a query description. Central to our approach are declarativesource-selection programs, for which we define syntax and semantics. Due to the structured nature of the considered data items, the semantics of such programs must carefully respect implicit context information in source-selection rules, and furthermore combine it with possible user preferences. A prototype implementation of our approach has been realized exploiting the DLV KR system and its PLP front-end for prioritized ELPs. We describe a representative example involving specific movie databases, and report about experimental results.

The Advisor, a Fuzzy Knowledge-Based System for Rapid Instrumentation and Control Using a Taguchi-Based Quality Function: Part I — Theory

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riko Tantra ◽  
Glenn Y. Masada
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Fuzzy Decision Making ◽  
Quality Function ◽  
Knowledge Based System ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Feasible Solutions ◽  
And Control ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Fuzzy Knowledge

A fuzzy knowledge-based software system, called The Advisor, is developed for mechanical designers to rapidly select instrumentation and control system solutions. Its knowledge-based system uses application constraints to select feasible solutions, and its fuzzy logic algorithms rank those solutions based upon user preferences. A new Quality Function, inspired by the Taguchi Quality Function, is proposed to combine quantitative and linguistic information in the fuzzy decision-making inference engine to better capture human tradeoff behavior in the equipment selection process. To date, a Motor Advisor and a Temperature Sensor Advisor have been developed and successfully tested. Part I of this paper presents the theory and methodology of The Advisor, its component algorithms to support the selection of motor systems, and the implementation of the new Quality Function in the Motor Advisor. Part II tests The Advisor in the selection of a load motor, motor driver, and motor controller in a motor failure design project.

Information Source Selection Patterns as Determined by Small Business Problems

1983 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earl C. Young ◽  
Harold P. Welsch
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Information Source ◽  
General Management ◽  
Source Selection ◽  
Search For Information ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Selection Of

One hundred ninety three entrepreneurs (193) were surveyed to determine the types of problems which were most frequently encountered and the types of information sources likely to be utilized. General management, operations, finance and market problems were found to be related to certain combinations of information source categories: professional, personal, written, institutional, and electronic. It is concluded that the type of problem encountered by entrepreneurs affects the selection of information sources. Several suggestions are made on how these findings can be used by entrepreneurs in their search for information which bears on their business problems.

Evidence for a single mechanism gating perceptual and long-term memory information into working memory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Verschooren ◽  
Yoav Kessler ◽  
Tobias Egner
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Source Selection ◽  
Single Mechanism ◽  
Gating Mechanism ◽  
Opening And Closing ◽  
Selection Of

An influential view of working memory (WM) holds that its’ contents are controlled by a selective gating mechanism that allows for relevant perceptual information to enter WM when opened, but shields WM contents from interference when closed. In support of this idea, prior studies using the reference-back paradigm have established behavioral costs for opening and closing the gate between perception and WM. WM also frequently requires input from long-term memory (LTM), but it is currently unknown whether a similar gate controls the selection of LTM representations into WM, and how WM gating of perceptual vs. LTM sources of information relate to each other. To address these key theoretical questions, we devised a novel version of the reference-back paradigm, where participants switched between gating perceptual and LTM information into WM. We observed clear evidence for gate opening and closing costs in both cases. Moreover, the pattern of costs associated with gating and source-switching indicated that perceptual and LTM information is gated into WM via a single gate, and rely on a shared source-selection mechanism. These findings extend current models of WM gating to encompass LTM information, and outline a new functional WM architecture.

The dilemma of the direct answer

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Martin Potthast ◽  
Matthias Hagen ◽  
Benno Stein
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Web Search ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Information Access ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Information System Design ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Remarkable Progress ◽  
Direct Answer

No Web technology has undergone such an impressive evolution as Web search engines did and still do. Starting with the promise of "Bringing order to the Web" 1 by compiling information sources matching a query, retrieval technology has been evolving to a kind of "oracle machinery", being able to recommend a single source, and even to provide direct answers extracted from that source. Notwithstanding the remarkable progress made and the apparent user preferences for direct answers, this paradigm shift comes at a price which is higher than one might expect at first sight, affecting both users and search engine developers in their own way. We call this tradeoff "the dilemma of the direct answer"; it deserves an analysis which has to go beyond system-oriented aspects but scrutinize the way our society deals with both their information needs and means to information access. The paper in hand contributes to this analysis by putting the evolution of retrieval technology and the expectations at it in the context of information retrieval history. Moreover, we discuss the trade offs in information behavior and information system design that users and developers may face in the future.

Patterns of Searching for Information on the World Wide Web: A Pilot Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 92 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1091-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuhiko Fujihara ◽  
Asako Miura
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Task Type ◽  
The Other ◽  
The World ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Search Domain

The influences of task type on search of the World Wide Web using search engines without limitation of search domain were investigated. 9 graduate and undergraduate students studying psychology (1 woman and 8 men, M age = 25.0 yr., SD = 2.1) participated. Their performance to manipulate the search engines on a closed task with only one answer were compared with their performance on an open task with several possible answers. Analysis showed that the number of actions was larger for the closed task ( M = 91) than for the open task ( M = 46.1). Behaviors such as selection of keywords (averages were 7.9% of all actions for the closed task and 16.7% for the open task) and pressing of the browser's back button (averages were 40.3% of all actions for the closed task and 29.6% for the open task) were also different. On the other hand, behaviors such as selection of hyperlinks, pressing of the home button, and number of browsed pages were similar for both tasks. Search behaviors were influenced by task type when the students searched for information without limitation placed on the information sources.

KNOWLEDGE-BASED APPROACH TO ADAPTIVE SELECTION OF EQUIPMENT FOR TEACHING ROBOTICS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Mazurok ◽  
◽  
Volodymyr Chernykh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Administrative Staff ◽  
Adaptive Selection ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Technical Base ◽  
Decision Making System ◽  
Oriented Approach ◽  
Selection Of

Innovations and progress in teaching, introduction of new academic disciplines in the curricula, changes in the paradigm of school education in Ukraine, the search for innovative tools, techniques and teaching methods, especially teaching STEAM create a good basis for teaching robotics. However, the organization of classes in robotics requires the creation of a special educational ecosystem, which important element is the technical base (equipment). It is not a secret, that administrative staff who sometimes even do not have required experience in technology are often engaged in the procurement of equipment and its selection. The current study was conducted to solve this problem, as well as to create a universal recommendation for creating an appropriate ecosystem for teaching robotics As part of the study, the task was to develop a prototype of an expert decision-making system for selecting of an appropriate equipment and zoning of a classroom (ICR) for conducting classes in robotics. Knowledge-oriented approach was used to create the prototype. Keywords: knowledge-based approach, robotics, adaptive selection, teaching robotics.

Model of predicting customer behavior based on big data analysis technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2 (6)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasiia Ivanitska ◽  
Dmytro Ivanov ◽  
Ludmila Zubik
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Customer Behavior ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Behavior Prediction ◽  
Network Information ◽  
Selection Of

The analysis of the available methods and models of formation of recommendations for the potential buyer in network information systems for the purpose of development of effective modules of selection of advertising is executed. The effectiveness of the use of machine learning technologies for the analysis of user preferences based on the processing of data on purchases made by users with a similar profile is substantiated. A model of recommendation formation based on machine learning technology is proposed, its work on test data sets is tested and the adequacy of the RMSE model is assessed. Keywords: behavior prediction; advertising based on similarity; collaborative filtering; matrix factorization; big data; machine learning

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document