The Importance of Cross-Border Regulatory Cooperation in an Era of Digital Trade

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (S1) ◽  
pp. S99-S120 ◽  
Author(s):  
USMAN AHMED
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Trade Negotiations ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Regulatory Issues ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Digital Services ◽  
Regulatory Cooperation

AbstractTechnology is transforming global trade. The global trading system, however, has struggled to keep up with changes in technology. One of the major challenges for the trading system is that the issues raised by digitally enabled commerce are largely regulatory in nature. The issues that are at the forefront of digital trade increasingly relate to citizens’ most fundamental interactions, including speech, finance, energy, and transportation. This paper argues that resolving these international regulatory issues will require reforming the approach that has been taken to global trade negotiations. International discussions around the most challenging issues in the digital economy ought to move away from the ‘horse-trading’ nature of traditional trade negotiations and towards a strategy focused on regulatory cooperation. Failure to achieve regulatory cooperation could further fragment digital services based upon national borders. The Internet has the potential to positively impact the global economy precisely because it is global, decentralized, and bottom-up in nature. International policymaking through regulatory cooperation can maintain those principles, while protecting fundamental national concerns such as stability, privacy, and security.

Doha Development Round

2014 ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Badar Iqbal ◽  
Munir Hasan
Keyword(s):  
World Trade Organization ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Trade Negotiations ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
New Regionalism ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Multilateral Trading System ◽  
The Future

More than 11 years have passed and Doha Development Round (DDR) has been in the doldrums, having full uncertainties that may result in closure. Trade negotiations are at a standstill, resulting in revivalism of trade protectionism in the name of “new regionalism” or preferential agreements (India-Japan, India-EU). This would lead to dismantling multilateral trading system for which World Trade Organization was created in January 1995. It is vital to protect and preserve the gains of the WTO in a variety of related areas. Therefore, the success of a multilateral trading system is imperative, and this could only be possible when DDR is successful and revivalism takes place. If impasse is continued, the concept and practices of free trade would be transformed into trade protectionism in the name of new regionalism. If it happens, then the future of global trade is uncertain and there would be enormous loss of potential and opportunities of creation of trade, and no country could afford it. Doha is stuck. Where do we go from here? The present chapter analyses the issues relating to the closure vs. success of the DDR. Every effort must be made to keep it alive both in the interest of mankind and the globe. If in 12th round, nothing concrete comes up, then the member countries are thinking and planning to replace it by Global Recovery Round (GRR), which is becoming more significant to deal with. Hence, this chapter attempts to examine the three options, namely closure, revival, and replace.

Group of Twenty - Reinvigorating Trade to Support Growth

Policy Papers ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (29) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Trade Policy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Integration ◽  
Doha Round ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Global Policy ◽  
Regulatory Cooperation ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity ◽  
Trade And Investment

Reinvigorating trade integration should be a key component of the global policy agenda to boost growth. Trade policy’s new frontiers such as services, regulatory cooperation, and trade and investment complementarities carry high potential to bolster efficiency and productivity. But with governments differing on whether to continue the WTO Doha Round, there is an urgent need to identify a path for the global trading system in today’s more complex trade policy landscape. A long interregnum without a path forward would risk fragmenting the global trade system and undermining its governance. Tackling trade policy issues important to the global economy may require flexible approaches to multilateral negotiations, including modalities such as plurilaterals. Enhanced coherence efforts are also needed to ensure that regional trade agreements and multilateralism coexist productively.

scholarly journals Research Based on International Trade System and the Pursuit of Free Digital Trade

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Houqi Ji
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Data Flows ◽  
The World ◽  
International Trading

The world is witnessing the digitization of the production, exchange and consumption of goods and services in economy. The Internet and cross-border based data flows are becoming important trade channels as more products are traded online or with integrated functions that are based on digital connections. We emphasize the technical emergency element in existing international rules, which shows that technological change is a driving force for competitive regime creation and forum transformation, contributing to the process of fragmentation of the international trading system.

scholarly journals The UK and Digital Trade: Which way forward?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Jones ◽  
Beatriz Kira ◽  
Anna Sands ◽  
Danilo B. Garrido Alves
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Data Flows ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Uk

The internet and digital technologies are upending global trade. Industries and supply chains are being transformed, and the movement of data across borders is now central to the operation of the global economy. Provisions in trade agreements address many aspects of the digital economy – from cross-border data flows, to the protection of citizens’ personal data, and the regulation of the internet and new technologies like artificial intelligence and algorithmic decision-making. The UK government has identified digital trade as a priority in its Global Britain strategy and one of the main sources of economic growth to recover from the pandemic. It wants the UK to play a leading role in setting the international standards and regulations that govern the global digital economy. The regulation of digital trade is a fast-evolving and contentious issue, and the US, European Union (EU), and China have adopted different approaches. Now that the UK has left the EU, it will need to navigate across multiple and often conflicting digital realms. The UK needs to decide which policy objectives it will prioritise, how to regulate the digital economy domestically, and how best to achieve its priorities when negotiating international trade agreements. There is an urgent need to develop a robust, evidence-based approach to the UK’s digital trade strategy that takes into account the perspectives of businesses, workers, and citizens, as well as the approaches of other countries in the global economy. This working paper aims to inform UK policy debates by assessing the state of play in digital trade globally. The authors present a detailed analysis of five policy areas that are central to discussions on digital trade for the UK: cross-border data flows and privacy; internet access and content regulation; intellectual property and innovation; e-commerce (including trade facilitation and consumer protection); and taxation (customs duties on e-commerce and digital services taxes). In each of these areas the authors compare and contrast the approaches taken by the US, EU and China, discuss the public policy implications, and examine the choices facing the UK.

scholarly journals An Empirical Study on the Trade Impact of Cross border E-commerce on ASEAN and China under the Framework of RECP

2021 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 01039
Author(s):  
Guanhui Wang ◽  
Zengyu Cao
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Trade Volume ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Trade Gravity Model ◽  
The Impact

As an indispensable part of future global trade, the cross-border e-commerce will change the form and volume of the current global trade with globalization. Taking China and ten ASEAN countries as the research object, this paper empirically tests whether the cross-border e-commerce under the RCEP framework will affect the trade scale between China and ten ASEAN countries through the trade gravity model. As the research suggests, the impact of GDP and the Internet popularity on the trade scale of different ASEAN countries and China is not the same. Malaysia, Vietnam, Singapore, Thailand and other countries have larger trade volume with China due to economic factor, Internet, geographical location and other factors, while Brunei and Laos, which are closer to China with smaller economic volume, have more obvious shortcomings and are less related to the trade with China.

scholarly journals The International Trade Regime and the Quest for Free Digital Trade

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamel Azmeh ◽  
Christopher Foster ◽  
Jaime Echavarri
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Trade Regime ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Internet Age ◽  
Data Flows ◽  
Previous Decade

Abstract The global economy is experiencing the digitalization of production, exchange, and consumption of goods and services. The internet and cross-border data flows are becoming important channels of trade as more products are traded through the web or integrate features that rely on digital connectivity. Reflecting the autonomy states have to enact such policies, national variations in internet governance have expanded over the previous decade, with states increasingly looking to use internet and data policies for economic and trade objectives. These dynamics are having important implications on the international trade regime through challenging existing trade rules and creating demands for new rules. This has resulted in growing debates in the trade arena around “digital trade,” as a number of states, led by the United States, push for rules as a way to discipline national internet policies and support trade in digital goods and services. This paper examines the political economy of this campaign. We argue that the objectives of this campaign go beyond updating rules to better fit the “Internet age” into achieving further liberalization of trade in goods and services. We highlight the technological contingency of existing international rules and show how technological shifts have been a driver of competitive regime creation and forum shifting contributing to processes of fragmentation of the international trade regime.

Designing and Evaluating an Automatic Forensic Model for Fast Response of Cross-border E-commerce Security Incidents

2022 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Security Incident ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Security Incidents

The rapid development of cross-border e-commerce over the past decade has accelerated the integration of the global economy. At the same time, cross-border e-commerce has increased the prevalence of cybercrime, and the future success of e-commerce depends on enhanced online privacy and security. However, investigating security incidents is time- and cost-intensive as identifying telltale anomalies and the source of attacks requires the use of multiple forensic tools and technologies and security domain knowledge. Prompt responses to cyber-attacks are important to reduce damage and loss and to improve the security of cross-border e-commerce. This article proposes a digital forensic model for first incident responders to identify suspicious system behaviors. A prototype system is developed and evaluated by incident response handlers. The model and system are proven to help reduce time and effort in investigating cyberattacks. The proposed model is expected to enhance security incident handling efficiency for cross-border e-commerce.

scholarly journals IPTEKS EDUKASI DALAM PENGAMATAN MELAKUKAN TRANSAKSI PERDAGANGAN KOMODITI BERJANGKA PADA PERUSAHAAN PIALANG PT. VICTORY INTERNATIONAL FUTURES

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Cornelia Watupongoh ◽  
Lady Diana Latjandu
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Commodity Futures ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Futures Trading ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

PT. Victory International Futures was established in 2003 as a brokerage company in the world financial market that uses information technology to support its business. Centered in the city of Surabaya in the heart of the Indonesian business city. PT. Victory International Futures is one of the institutions recognized by the Indonesian government. We provide 100% focus on trading via the internet using the "Meta Trader 5" system PT. Victory International Futures is under the supervision of the Commodity Futures Trading (BAPPEBTI), Member of Indonesia Commodity & Derivatives Exchanges (ICDX) / Indonesian Commodity and Derivative Exchange (BKDI) and PT. Identrust Security International (ISI). Time never stops in the era of global trade and so does PT. Victory International Futures serves thousands of customers directly and always provides quality and professional financial services.Keywords : brokerage company, gold, forex, trading system via the internet

scholarly journals Designing and Evaluating an Automatic Forensic Model for Fast Response of Cross-Border E-Commerce Security Incidents

2022 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Chia-Mei Chen ◽  
Zheng-Xun Cai ◽  
Dan-Wei (Marian) Wen
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Security Incident ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Security Incidents

The rapid development of cross-border e-commerce over the past decade has accelerated the integration of the global economy. At the same time, cross-border e-commerce has increased the prevalence of cybercrime, and the future success of e-commerce depends on enhanced online privacy and security. However, investigating security incidents is time- and cost-intensive as identifying telltale anomalies and the source of attacks requires the use of multiple forensic tools and technologies and security domain knowledge. Prompt responses to cyber-attacks are important to reduce damage and loss and to improve the security of cross-border e-commerce. This article proposes a digital forensic model for first incident responders to identify suspicious system behaviors. A prototype system is developed and evaluated by incident response handlers. The model and system are proven to help reduce time and effort in investigating cyberattacks. The proposed model is expected to enhance security incident handling efficiency for cross-border e-commerce.

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