Palliative care clients' and caregivers' notion of fear and their strategies for overcoming it

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 777-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy Penman ◽  
Bronwyn Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Different Types ◽  
One Step ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Australian Department

AbstractObjective:This paper aims to clarify our understanding of fear and explore the strategies employed by people with life-limiting conditions and their caregivers in addressing the emotion of fear as they journey through the dying process. The role of fear is discussed: different kinds of fear, the tangible and intangible measures by which people manage their fear, and the ways of transcending fear.Method:The findings of a larger research project funded by the Australian Department of Health and Ageing are drawn upon. In-depth interviews were conducted with clients and caregivers relating to the psychosocial and emotional issues in palliative care. Secondary analysis was utilized to examine the perceptions of fear in this cohort.Results:While there were many other findings, the results highlighted in this paper relate to the notion of fear among interview participants. Interview data showed that people with life-limiting conditions and their caregivers had different types of fear and employed a variety of strategies to deal with fear. Four themes emerged embodying these strategies: calling on their own resilience and inner resources, maintaining human relationships, gaining the ability to “keep one step ahead” in the dying process, and engaging in spirituality and religion.Significance of results:The implications of the findings for healthcare professionals are highlighted. The recognition of emotions is embedded in palliative care; healthcare professionals should view the management of emotions as an integral part of professional practice. Addressing fear is essential because unresolved fear can impinge on one's ability to cope. Our paper brings together different perspectives on fear and how vulnerable individuals attempt to cope with it while at the same time providing a view of the challenges confronting healthcare professionals who are engaged with them and committed to optimizing health outcomes for palliative care clients and their caregivers.

EXPRESS: The Concept of Authenticity: What it Means to Consumers

2021 ◽  
pp. 002224292199666
Author(s):  
Joseph C. Nunes ◽  
Andrea Ordanini ◽  
Gaia Giambastiani
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Attitudes ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Consumer Data ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Consumer Assessment ◽  
Depth Interviews

The literature is filled with numerous idiosyncratic definitions of what it means for consumption to be authentic. The authors address the resulting conceptual ambiguity by re-conceptualizing authenticity, defining it as a holistic consumer assessment determined by six component judgements (accuracy, connectedness, integrity, legitimacy, originality, and proficiency) whereby the role of each component can change based on the consumption context. This definition emerges from a two-stage, multi-method concept reconstruction process leveraging data from more than 3,000 consumers across no less than 17 different types of consumption experiences. In stage one, they take a qualitative approach employing both in-depth interviews and surveys (one conducted on a nationally representative sample) to identify authenticity’s six constituent components. The final components are based on themes emerging from consumer data that were integrated and reconciled with existing definitions in the literature. In stage two, quantitative analyses empirically estimate the six components and support the composite formative nature of the construct. While the authors document how certain components contribute to assessments of authenticity differently across contexts, they also show authenticity has consumer-relevant downstream consequences while being conceptually distinct from consumer attitudes. Their findings offer practitioners direction regarding what to emphasize in order to convey authenticity to consumers.

scholarly journals “Multimorbidity Plus”: a secondary analysis exploring GP work in areas of high socioeconomic deprivation

BJGP Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. BJGPO.2021.0117
Author(s):  
Marianne McCallum ◽  
Sara MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Social Complexity ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Socioeconomic Deprivation ◽  
Everyday Work ◽  
Emotional Work ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Illness Model ◽  
Depth Interviews

BackgroundThere is a GP workforce crisis, particularly in areas of high socioeconomic deprivation where multimorbidity, and social complexity, is higher. How this impacts GP work, and how they manage workload has not been fully explored.AimTo explore GP work in areas of high socioeconomic deprivation, and the strategies GPs employ using Corbin and Strauss’s ‘Managing Chronic Illness’ model as an analytical lens.MethodSecondary analysis of in-depth interviews, with GPs working in areas of high socio-economic deprivation (n=10).ResultsAll three types of work defined by Corbin and Strauss (everyday, illness, biographical) were described, and one additional type: emotional (work managing GPs’ own emotions). The context of socioeconomic deprivation influenced GP work, increased multimorbidity PLUS social complexity (“Multimorbidity plus”). Healthcare systems, and self-management strategies, did not meet patients’ needs; meeting the resulting gap created extra hidden everyday work, often unrecognised (source of frustration). GPs also described taking on “illness work” for patients who were either overwhelmed, or unable to do it. Some GPs described biographical work asserting their professional role against demands from patients, and other professionals. Work aligning with personal values was important in sustaining motivation; strong teams and outside professional appeared to build resilience.ConclusionGPs working in areas of high socioeconomic deprivation experience different types of work; much unrecognised and not resourced. Current strategies to reduce burnout could be more effective if the complexity of different types of work was addressed, personal values supported, practice teams and outside professional interests were supported.

scholarly journals Institutes of innovative development: Their role in regional clusters

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (190) ◽  
pp. 59-76
Author(s):  
Anna Bykova
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Innovation Clusters ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Research Centres ◽  
Perm Region

The role of technological innovation in enhancing competitive advantage at the level of individual companies and industries, regions, and even countries, has increased interest in the innovation component of the cluster, and has led to revision of the concept of the treatment of cluster effects and of approaches to their study. As a result of theoretical research and analysis of practical situations, in the late 1990s W. Feldman and J. Audretsch developed a theory of economic development through the establishment of innovation clusters. In this paper we aim to identify the quantitative link between the participation in innovation clusters and universities, research centres, and other institutes of innovative development; we will also try to find the key factors affecting them. We used econometric procedures for 413 companies (based on the data of accounting and statistical reports) of the Perm region (Russia). The regression outcomes allow defining the ?stimulating? factors affecting participation in cluster relationships. The quantitative analysis was supplemented by in-depth interviews on different types of relationship forms among companies and institutes promoting innovation within the framework of a cluster concept.

The Role of Pharmacovigilance Center in Sudan in Reporting Adverse Drug Reactions

2012 ◽  
pp. 344-354
Author(s):  
Abdalla Omer Elkhawad
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Pharmacovigilance Center

Pharmacovigilance is an active discipline, which is the study of structured mechanisms of the safety of medicines being used in clinical situations in large populations. In this chapter, the authors attempt to characterize the different types of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) and related problems and mechanisms by which they cause harm to patients. They investigate the methods of detection of ADRs and various pharmacovigilance methods. The role and contributions of international organizations will be presented. The authors present the importance and need for education of healthcare professionals about pharmacovigilance and the proper reporting of ADRs for the purpose of efficient and safe use of medicines. The establishment of the Sudan pharmacovigilance center and how the system works will be discussed. Sources of data and actions taken since its inception are presented. The authors conclude by highlighting the problems and weaknesses of the system and ways to strengthen it.

Finding Paradise Within: How Spirituality Protects Palliative Care Clients and Caregivers From Depression

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy Penman
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Spiritual Beliefs ◽  
Doctoral Study ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Spiritual Engagement ◽  
Van Manen

The aims of this article are to explore the experience of depression among palliative care clients and caregivers, describe the strategies they use in coping with depression, and clarify the role of spirituality in preventing and/or overcoming depression. This article discusses an aspect of the findings of a larger doctoral study that explored the nature of spirituality and spiritual engagement from the viewpoint of individuals with life-limiting conditions and their caregivers. van Manen’s phenomenology was used in the study. The data generated from the doctoral study were subjected to secondary analysis to uncover the experience of depression. The methodology underpinning the secondary analysis was phenomenology also by van Manen. Fourteen clients and caregivers from across regional and rural South Australia informed the study. Data collection involved in-depth nonstructured home-based interviews that were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. The findings highlighted relate to participants succumbing to depression, but having spiritual beliefs and practices helped them cope. One of the most insightful understanding was the role spirituality played in protecting individuals from depression, encapsulated in the theme “finding paradise within.” Spirituality, understood from a religious or secular perspective, must be embedded in palliative care as it assisted in preventing and overcoming depression.

scholarly journals ‘I Think it Just Made Everything Very Much More Intense’: A Qualitative Secondary Analysis Exploring The Role Of Friends and Family Providing Support to Survivors of Domestic Abuse During The COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Gregory ◽  
Emma Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Domestic Abuse ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Informal Support ◽  
Additional Challenge ◽  
Qualitative Secondary Analysis ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Depth Interviews

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic, and associated social restrictions, have amplified women’s experiences of domestic abuse (DA). In usual times, female DA survivors reach out to those around them (friends, family members, neighbors, and colleagues) for support. Accessing of both professional and informal support by survivors has increased during the pandemic. Informal supporters are often deeply invested and immersed in situations of DA because of the closeness of relationships. The accounts of informal supporters are rarely sought, yet these are people who may have a considerable awareness of what is happening. The aim of this study was to explore how the pandemic had impacted people’s assessment of abusive situations and their ability to provide informal support. This paper reports a secondary analysis of qualitative data collected in 2020 in England. The data were gathered in 18 in-depth interviews with people who knew a female friend, relative, neighbor, or colleague who had experienced DA. The age range of participants was 25–69 years, three were men and fifteen were women. A reflexive thematic analysis was carried out. Findings indicated: (i) the pandemic had changed people’s ability to read situations and assess risk (ii) perpetrators were exploiting the pandemic to further abuse (iii) within the context of the pandemic there was additional challenge to offering support (iv) informal supporters found creative ways to remain in-touch and to continue offering support. Further research with informal supporters is needed to ascertain how best to support and equip people, without imposing an impossible burden.

scholarly journals Intelligence in the Oil Patch: Knowledge Management and Competitive Intelligence Insights

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen N. Rothberg ◽  
G. Scott Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Competitive Intelligence ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Intelligence Activity ◽  
One Step ◽  
Threat Levels ◽  
Compare And Contrast ◽  
Depth Interviews

The fields of knowledge management and competitive intelligence have been joined in the literature for over a decade, as scholars recognized the emphasis in each field on developing knowledge, albeit of different types.  While knowledge management is often limited to the human, structural, and relational capital of the firm, competitive intelligence is more outward looking, building a broadly sourced knowledge base concerning competitors. In fact, practitioners are one step ahead of academia in this application as many organizations have a connection between their knowledge management and competitive intelligence functions.  In extensive depth interviews to ascertain the state of intelligence work of all types in contemporary industry, we found such an inclination to be prominent in a number of specific industries.  One of these was oil and gas.  While exploration, recovery, refining, transportation, and retail are all separate aspects of this broad field, it is collectively of interest, in large part because of this extensive scope. In this paper, we compare and contrast knowledge management and competitive intelligence practice in oil-based industries. In doing so, we draw upon an extensive database including financial returns of thousands of companies in a broad range of industries over a five-year period. Looking specifically at industries related to oil and gas, we review data concerning the level and importance of knowledge assets in each industry. Included in the database is additional information on competitive intelligence activity in each industry. We add these figures to the analysis, allowing us to assess the relative competitive intelligence threat levels. Finally, we discuss the results from the depth interviews we conducted with practitioners in these industries, sharing their perspective on the nature of knowledge management, competitive intelligence, and the interplay between them in this complex industry.

scholarly journals Children’s Self-Reported Reasons for Accepting and Rejecting Foods

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Sick ◽  
Rikke Højer ◽  
Annemarie Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Food Acceptance ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Depth Interviews

Children’s eating behavior does not necessarily align with dietary recommendations, and there is a need for better understanding the factors underlying their food choices. The aim of this study was to investigate children’s self-reported reasons for accepting and rejecting foods. A questionnaire was developed with reasons based on prior research and in-depth interviews. A set of various food stimuli covering different types was evaluated by 106 girls and 99 boys aged 10–13 years by checking all reasons that apply (CATA) for either accepting or rejecting them. Results showed gender differences among reasons for both food acceptance and rejection, but also in liking and willingness to re-taste the stimuli. The most common reason for food acceptance was good taste in boys and curiosity in girls; for food rejection they were bad taste, bad smell and dislike of appearance in boys and bad taste, bad smell, dislike of appearance and texture in girls. Overall, boys liked the food stimuli more than girls and were more willing to re-taste them. Future research should focus more on the role of sensory properties in both acceptance and rejection, and the potential of children’s curiosity as a driver in tasting foods should be further explored.

Nostalgic neighborhood belongings: Theorizing the interrelationship among nostalgias, belongings and neighborhood changes

2021 ◽  
pp. 003802612110294
Author(s):  
Clément Colin
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Past ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The One ◽  
Depth Interviews

Depending on one’s socio-territorial contexts, age, and time spent residing in the same place, the spatial-temporal experience of belonging is lived differently. Within this framework, this article looks at perspectives of neighborhood belonging in long-term residents aged 65 years and older. Based on the narratives of 51 people from three neighborhoods of Valparaíso, Chile, who participated in the 2019 workshops and/or in-depth interviews, I identify different types of nostalgic senses of belonging; and examine the social and spatial conditions that influence their formation. From this empirical research, I argue that these belongings are based on daily practices that refer to the past neighborhood and that, at the same time, are embodied in their current materialities. The results show, on the one hand, the role of nostalgia in the formation of a belonging, from the past to the present; and, on the other, the influence of place in these experiences. From the above, this article contributes to the conceptualization of the material dimension of nostalgic belongings and their interrelationships among nostalgias, belongings, and changes in social and physical environments.

scholarly journals The role of textbook quality in first graders’ ability to solve quantitative comparisons: a multilevel analysis

ZDM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning Sievert ◽  
Ann-Katrin van den Ham ◽  
Aiso Heinze
Keyword(s):  
First Graders ◽  
Instructional Quality ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Elementary School Mathematics ◽  
School Year ◽  
Different Types

AbstractStudents need to create mental models for different types of addition and subtraction situations in order to develop a broad and viable understanding of these operations. Although most students succeed when changing or combining sets, situations that demand a quantitative comparison of sets seem considerably more difficult in the first school year. Textbooks represent the most important learning resource for elementary school mathematics teachers. However, research on their impact on students’ knowledge is limited. Hence, we examined textbooks’ role in students’ ability to model quantitative comparisons by analyzing the learning opportunities presented by four German textbooks for Grade 1 and by conducting a secondary analysis of a dataset based on 1513 students from 84 classes that used one of these textbooks. The results revealed differences in the textbooks’ topic-specific instructional quality as well as a significant relation between this quality and student achievement in quantitative comparisons.

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