scholarly journals Optimizing the Sampling Design of Morphometric Experiments

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
John M. Basgen
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Sampling Design ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Previous Article ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Measuring Volume ◽  
Surface Length

In a previous article [1], stereological methods for measuring volume, surface, length, and number were described. The present article will briefly discuss sampling methods, as well as techniques for optimizing the number of animals per group and the number of measurements per animal when planning a morphometric study.

scholarly journals Guardianship and Parental Connections: Connections and Departures in Jeremy Bentham’s Account

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian E Cox
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
Previous Article ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Special Relations ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Personal Perspectives ◽  
The One

This article follows an earlier assessment of Bentham’s views on guardianship 1 that touched on but did not explore connections or departures between guardian-ward and parent-offspring relations, about which Bentham was not as precise as he might have been. Further, he added complexity to the issue by describing parents as occupying dual roles: guardians and ‘masters’ (employers) of their own offspring. These relations are now considered, on the one hand, in the wider context of ‘special relations’ and ‘duties’ and, on the other hand, alongside some appreciation of Bentham’s personal perspectives. However, the main object of the present article is to assess similarities and differences between parents and guardians in legal, status and functional terms. It uses the profile of guardian-ward relations provided by the previous article 2 as a benchmark. The article concludes by affirming that ‘being a parent’ and ‘being a guardian’ have quite different meanings.

The Tenth Leper

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall Lehmann Sorenson
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Previous Article ◽  
Pilgrim's Progress

I (Sorenson, 1996c) took inspiration from John Bunyan's (1678/1969) The Pilgrim's Progress and imagined the ten lepers in Luke 17 as invented, allegorical characters who represent different but common responses to the notion that integration is something indivisbly, irreducibly, and fundamentally personal. I have organized the lepers into four “colonies,” addressing in a previous article the first two, which I named “No Need” and “No Good.” In the present article I address the remaining two colonies, which I have named “No Way” and “No Other Way.” In conclusion I offer five recommendations for graduate and undergraduate curricula at Christian seminaries and universities which seek to integrate psychology into their programs.

Men and mental ill health: specific mental health issues

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Christopher Francis Barber
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Previous Article ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Mental Health Issues

A previous article explored the links between men and mental ill health in general and it suggested that men had a higher prevalence of experiencing certain forms of mental ill health than women. This present article will continue the exploration of men's mental health and will focus on a small number of mental health issues, some of which may have the perception of being more a female rather than a male issue.

Site specific assessments of burrow- and lentic-dwelling crayfish communities: A proposed sampling design

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Taylor ◽  
Bryan S. Engelbert ◽  
Robert J. DiStefano
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Design ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Additional Time ◽  
Standing Water ◽  
Random Site ◽  
Total Community ◽  
Standing Waters ◽  
Floodplain Habitats ◽  
Capture Technique

Abstract We conducted a study to investigate methods to assess crayfish populations typically found in low gradient, lentic, floodplain habitats in Missouri. We used a random site selection process that allowed us to capture all known species from this region of Missouri. We compared two sampling methods for primary burrowing crayfishes at our sampling sites: hook-and-line capture technique and burrow excavation. Adjacent standing water habitats at sites were also sampled using a timed search method. Hook-and-line capture success was substantially less than reported in the literature (0.7% versus 80%), while burrow excavation was higher than reported (64% versus 40.7%). We successfully captured six crayfish species using burrow excavation, whereas lentic timed search sampling captured nine species in adjacent standing waters at our sampling sites. Our results suggest that additional efforts sampling lentic habitats rather than additional time searching for and excavating burrows is more likely to capture total community richness. We found a seasonal influence on burrow occupancy surveys, as Julian day was positively correlated to finding active crayfish burrows. Crayfish capture in standing water was positively affected by soil temperature, and negatively correlated to Julian day.

Adaptive and Network Sampling for Inference and Interventions in Changing Populations

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Steven K Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Methods ◽  
Fast Moving ◽  
Sampling Design ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Time Averaging ◽  
Temporal Network ◽  
Network Sampling ◽  
Spatial Sampling Design ◽  
Over Time

Abstract In this paper, I discuss some of the wider uses of adaptive and network sampling designs. Three uses of sampling designs are to select units from a population to make inferences about population values, to select units to use in an experiment, and to distribute interventions to benefit a population. The most useful approaches for inference from adaptively selected samples are design-based methods and Bayesian methods. Adaptive link-tracing network sampling methods are important for sampling populations that are otherwise hard to reach. Sampling in changing populations involves temporal network or spatial sampling design processes with units selected both into and out of the sample over time. Averaging or smoothing fast-moving versions of these designs provides simple estimates of network-related characteristics. The effectiveness of intervention programs to benefit populations depends a great deal on the sampling and assignment designs used in spreading the intervention.

Recent Advances in Glass Transitions in Polymers

1970 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Eisenberg ◽  
M. Shen
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Progress Report ◽  
Previous Article ◽  
Glass Transitions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Made In

Abstract Since the publication of our review “Glass Transition in Polymers” in 1966, a number of interesting advances have been made in this field. The present article is intended to be an addendum to this review, reporting the progress that has been made by various workers during the past three years. In addition, a number of topics were not covered in the previous article due to the relatively incomplete understanding at that time. These will now be discussed. This is not because these topics are at present fully understood. Rather, we hope it will serve as a progress report to stimulate further interest in areas where further work is needed. The numbering systems and notations in this paper will follow those in the previous article for the sake of continuity.

scholarly journals Use of camera-traps in natural trails and shelters for the mammalian survey in the Atlantic Forest

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geruza L. Melo ◽  
Jonas Sponchiado ◽  
Nilton C. Cáceres
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Sampling Design ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Forest Sites

In order to evaluate the efficiency of different mammalian survey methods, we compared traditional sampling techniques (use of camera-traps on roads and artificial trails, track censuses, and direct field visualization) with an alternative sampling design (camera-traps positioned in natural areas such as natural trails and shelters). We conducted the study in a deciduous Atlantic-Forest park in southern Brazil, and additionally compared our results with a previous intensive study carried out in the same area. Our considerably smaller sampling effort (example: 336 trap.day for our camera-traps versus 2,154 trap.day for the earlier study) registered the presence of 85% of the local known species, with camera-traps being 68% efficient. Moreover, shelter camera-traps revealed a different species composition regarding most of other sampling methods. This sampling strategy involving natural forest sites was therefore able to effectively optimize the chances of evaluating species composition in a shorter period, especially with respect to lower-density and cryptic species, as well as to detect species that avoid open, disturbed sites such as roads and man-made forest trails.

Codification and Tax Law: On the Need for Separate Sources of Income in Respect of Employee and Self-Employed Taxpayers

1984 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 440-494
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Edrey
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Present State ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Previous Article ◽  
Tax Law ◽  
Labour Law ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Special Category

In our previous article we dealt with the definition of employee for income tax purposes. We concluded that in the present state of the law in Israel the courts are obliged to depart from the accepted definition of this term as applied in labour law and the law of torts and develop an independent functional test more suitable to tax law. We stressed that this conclusion was based on the existing law in Israel, namely the provisions on the Income Tax Ordinance, which treats taxpayers who are employees as a special category.In the present article we wish to look at the problem from the broader perspective of the lex ferenda. Our remarks are addressed primarily to legislators and policy-makers, and not, as the previous article, to the courts and the tax ordinance commentators.

The Foundations Supporting Biofeedback and Neurofeedback: II. FERB Supports Research in Biofeedback

Biofeedback ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Cynthia R. Kerson
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Previous Article ◽  
Adequate Funding ◽  
Broad Field ◽  
Methodological Rigor ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Broad Program

Research in the field of biofeedback has suffered both for lack of adequate methodological rigor and lack of adequate funding. The ISNR Research Foundation and the AAPB Foundation for Education and Research in Biofeedback are nonprofit foundations developed to promote and support a broad program of research in biofeedback and neurofeedback. A previous article featured an interview with the director of the ISNR Research Foundation, David Trudeau. The present article provides an interview with Paul Lehrer, Chair of the AAPB Foundation for Education and Research in Biofeedback. This interview series provides insight into the two foundations and invites professionals in the broad field of self-regulation therapies to support both.

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