BECOMING ETHNIC OR BECOMING AMERICAN?

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zhou ◽  
Jennifer Lee
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
First Century ◽  
Immigrant Incorporation ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Growing Population

AbstractAs the new second generation comes of age in the twenty-first century, it is making an indelible imprint in cities across the country, compelling immigration scholars to turn their attention to this growing population. In this essay, we first review the extant literature on immigrant incorporation, with a particular focus on the mobility patterns of the new second generation. Second, we critically evaluate the existing assumptions about the definitions of and pathways to success and assimilation. We question the validity and reliability of key measures of social mobility, and also assess the discrepancy between the “objective” measures often used in social science research and the “subjective” measures presented by members of the second generation. Third, we examine the identity choices of the new second generation, focusing on how they choose to identify themselves, and the mechanisms that underlie their choice of identities. We illuminate our review with some preliminary findings from our ongoing qualitative study of 1.5- and second-generation Mexicans, Chinese, and Vietnamese in Los Angeles. In doing so, we attempt to dispel some myths about group-based cultures, stereotypes, and processes of assimilation.

scholarly journals STATEMENT FROM THE DIRECTOR OF THE W. E. B. DU BOIS INSTITUTE

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Louis Gates
Keyword(s):  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Century ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Color Line ◽  
Du Bois ◽  
The Past ◽  
Considerable Work ◽  
Public Policy Decisions

In 1903, William Edward Burghardt Du Bois famously predicted that the problem of the twentieth century would be the problem of the color line. Indeed, during the past century, matters of race were frequently the cause of intense conflict and the stimulus for public policy decisions not only in the United States, but throughout the world. The founding of the Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race at the beginning of the twenty-first century acknowledges the continuing impact of Du Bois's prophecy, his pioneering role as one of the founders of the discipline of sociology in the American academy, and the considerable work that remains to be done as we confront the “problem” that Du Bois identified over a century ago.

Bringing Intergenerational Social Mobility Research into the Twenty-first Century: Why Mothers Matter

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Beller
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
Family Background ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Century ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Conventional Models ◽  
Measurement Strategies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cohort Change

Conventional social mobility research, which measures family social class background relative to only fathers' characteristics, presents an outmoded picture of families—a picture wherein mothers' economic participation is neither common nor important. This article demonstrates that such measurement is theoretically and empirically untenable. Models that incorporate both mothers' and fathers' characteristics into class origin measures fit observed mobility patterns better than do conventional models, and for both men and women. Furthermore, in contrast to the current consensus that conventional measurement strategies do not alter substantive research conclusions, analyses of cohort change in social mobility illustrate the distortions that conventional practice can produce in stratification research findings. By failing to measure the impact of mothers' class, the current practice misses a recent upturn in the importance of family background for class outcomes among men in the United States. The conventional approach suggests no change between cohorts, but updated analyses reveal that inequality of opportunity increased significantly for men born since the mid-1960s compared with those born earlier in the century.

Occupational Mobility and Historical Social Structure

1985 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick M. Horan
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Coming Of Age ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Occupational Mobility ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Critical Elements

Historical social mobility research has played an important part in the coming-of-age of “the new social history” as an active arena for empirical social research. The contribution of this social mobility research tradition can be traced in part to its success in providing three critical elements that lie at the heart of most coherent social science research traditions. These critical elements include the following: 1) the identification of important substantive questions that are susceptible to empirical analysis; 2) the identification of data sources that can provide empirical information relevant to these questions, and 3) the provision of a set of methodological operations and research practices that link substantive questions to the results of empirical analysis. The importance of Thernstrom’s (1964, 1973) landmark works on historical mobility in providing these fundamental elements is reflected in the widespread adoption of his research design by subsequent empirical studies of occupational mobility in historical settings.

Racial Mixing and National Integration in Latin America: The Return of Racial Differences in Mexico and Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-189
Author(s):  
Eduardo Torre Cantalapiedra
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
First Century ◽  
National Integration

The importance of racial differences in the configuration of Latin American societies has for decades been overshadowed by ideologies of racial mixing and social-class-based approaches to the analysis of the region’s societies. Since the beginning of the twenty-first century increased attention has been devoted to racial differences both in public policy and in social science research. Government affirmative action designed to reverse social inequalities due to racial differences in Brazil and the results of research on racial differences and racial mixing in Mexico indicate that, as Rodolfo Stavenhagen argued 50 years ago, racial mixing does not contribute to national integration. La transcendencia de las diferencias raciales en la configuración de las sociedades latinoamericanas ha sido poco atendida durante décadas; inicialmente, fue opacada por las ideologías del mestizaje, y posteriormente ensombrecida por el predominio de las clases sociales como forma de analizar a las sociedades de esta región. Desde a comienzos del siglo XXI, las diferencias raciales han adquirido notoriedad en Latinoamérica, tanto en las investigaciones en ciencias sociales como en las políticas públicas. Las políticas públicas de acción afirmativa conducidas por el gobierno brasileño y los hallazgos de las investigaciones más recientes en cuestiones referidas a las diferencias raciales y al mestizaje en el caso de México indican que, como dijo Rodolfo Stavenhagen hace cincuenta años, el mestizaje no contribuye a la integración nacional.

The Invention of the Favela

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Licia do Prado Valladares
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
First Century ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Past ◽  
Anthropological Study ◽  
First Time ◽  
Research And Policy

For the first time available in English, Licia do Prado Valladares’s classic anthropological study of Brazil’s vast, densely populated urban living environments reveals how the idea of the favela became an internationally established—and even attractive and exotic—representation of poverty. The study traces how the term “favela” emerged as an analytic category beginning in the mid-1960s, showing how it became the object of immense popular debate and sustained social science research. But the concept of the favela so favored by social scientists is not, Valladares argues, a straightforward reflection of its social reality, and it often obscures more than it reveals. The established representation of favelas undercuts more complex, accurate, and historicized explanations of Brazilian development. It marks and perpetuates favelas as zones of exception rather than as integral to Brazil’s modernization over the past century. And it has had important repercussions for the direction of research and policy affecting the lives of millions of Brazilians. Valladares’s foundational book will be welcomed by all who seek to understand Brazil’s evolution into the twenty-first century.

The American System of Government. By John H. Ferguson and Dean E. McHenry. (New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc. 1950. Pp. xii, 1042. $5.00.) - Readings in American National and State Government. Edited by David Fellman, Lane W. Lancaster and A. C. Breckenridge. (New York: Rinehart & Co., Inc. 1950. Pp. xi, 399; ix, 347. $2.40.) - American Government; Basic Documents and Materials. By Robert G. Dixon and Elmer Plischke. (New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc. 1950. Pp. xx, 420. $2.90.) - American Constitutional Decisions. By Charles Fairman. (New York: Henry Holt and Company. 1950. Pp. xiv, 489. $2.75.) - An Introduction to Administrative Law with Selected Cases. By James Hart. (New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, Inc. 1950. Pp. xxviii, 819. $7.00.) - Public Personnel Administration. By William E. Mosher, J. Donald Kingsley and O. Glenn Stahl. (New York: Harper and Brothers. 1950. Pp. xi, 652. $5.00.) - The Mid-Term Battle. By Louis H. Bean. (Washington, D. C.: Cantillon Books. 1950. Pp. vi, 98. Paper, $1.00; cloth, $2.50.) - The Municipal Year Book 1950; The Authoritative Résumé of Activities and Statistical Data of American Cities. Edited by Clarence E. Ridley, Orin F. Nolting and Frederick C. Peitzsch. (Chicago: International City Managers' Association. 1950. Pp. x, 598. $10.00.) - Transit Modernization and Street Traffic Control; A Program of Municipal Responsibility. By John Bauer and Peter Costello. (Chicago: Public Administration Service. 1950. Pp. xiii, 271. $5.00.) - Scientific Research; Its Administration and Organization. Edited by George P. Bush and Lowell H. Hattery. (Washington, D. C.: American University Press. 1950. Pp. viii, 190. $3.25.) - The Initiative and Referendum in California. By Winston W. Crouch. (Los Angeles: The Haynes Foundation. 1950. Pp. iv, 56. Paper. $.50.) - Administration of Old Age Security in California. By Margaret Greenfield. (Berkeley: Bureau of Public Administration, University of California. 1950. Pp. iv, 92. $1.25.) - County Finances in Mississippi. By Gordon K. Bryan. (Mississippi State College: Social Science Research Center. 1950. Pp. iv, 65.) - Power and Politics; The Price of Security in the Atomic Age. By Hanson W. Baldwin with preface by David P. Barrows. (Claremont: Claremont College. 1950. Pp. xv, 117. $2.75.) - History of United States Naval Aviation. By Archibald D. Turnbull and Clifford L. Lord. (New Haven: Yale University Press. 1949. Pp. xii, 345. $5.00.) - The American Century. By Ralph E. Flanders. (Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 1950. Pp. 101. $2.50.) - Trade and Agriculture; A Study of Inconsistent Policies. By D. Gale Johnson. (New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1950. Pp. vii, 198. $2.50.) - Taxes and Economic Incentives. By Lewis H. Kimmel. (Washington, D. C.: The Brookings Institution. 1950. Pp. x, 217. $2.50.) - Ordeal by Slander. By Owen Lattimore. (Boston: Little, Brown and Co. 1950. Pp. viii, 236. $2.75.)

1950 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 1043-1045
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
State Government ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
American University ◽  
Personnel Administration

scholarly journals Anti-Trafficking in the Time of FOSTA/SESTA: Networked Moral Gentrification and Sexual Humanitarian Creep

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Musto ◽  
Anne E. Fehrenbacher ◽  
Heidi Hoefinger ◽  
Nicola Mai ◽  
P. G. Macioti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Sex Trafficking ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
The People ◽  
Humanitarian Interventions

Globally, sex workers have highlighted the harms that accompany anti-prostitution efforts advanced via anti-trafficking policy, and there is a growing body of social science research that has emerged documenting how anti-trafficking efforts contribute to carceral and sexual humanitarian interventions. Yet mounting evidence on the harms of anti-trafficking policies has done little to quell the passage of more laws, including policies aimed at stopping sexual exploitation facilitated by technology. The 2018 passage of the Allow States and Victims to Fight Online Sex Trafficking Act (FOSTA) in the U.S. House of Representatives, and the corresponding Senate bill, the Stop Enabling Sex Traffickers Act (SESTA), is a case study in how efforts to curb sexual exploitation online actually heighten vulnerabilities for the people they purport to protect. Drawing on 34 months of ethnographic fieldwork and interviews with sex workers and trafficked persons (n = 58) and key informants (n = 20) in New York and Los Angeles, we analyze FOSTA/SESTA and its harmful effects as a launchpad to more broadly explore how technology, criminalization, shifting governance arrangements, and conservative moralities cohere to exacerbate sex workers’ vulnerability.

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