The SCAR Astronomy & Astrophysics from Antarctica Scientific Research Programme

AbstractSCAR, the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research, is, like the IAU, a committee of ICSU, the International Council for Science. For over 30 years, SCAR has provided scientific advice to the Antarctic Treaty System and made numerous recommendations on a variety of matters. In 2010, Astronomy and Astrophysics from Antarctica was recognized as one of SCAR's five Scientific Research Programs. Broadly stated, the objectives of Astronomy & Astrophysics from Antarctica are to coordinate astronomical activities in Antarctica in a way that ensures the best possible outcomes from international investment in Antarctic astronomy, and maximizes the opportunities for productive interaction with other disciplines. There are four Working Groups, dealing with site testing, Arctic astronomy, science goals, and major new facilities. Membership of the Working Groups is open to any professional working in astronomy or a related field.

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Astronomy and Astrophysics from Antarctica: a new SCAR Scientific Research Program

Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s1743921310010768 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 5 (H15) ◽

pp. 616-617

Author(s):

J. W. V. Storey

Keyword(s):

Research Program ◽

Union Member ◽

Scientific Research ◽

International Investment ◽

Scientific Committee ◽

Antarctic Research ◽

Planning Group ◽

Scientific Research Program ◽

Astronomy And Astrophysics

AbstractIn July 2008 the IAU became a union member of the ICSU body SCAR—the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research. At the same time, SCAR initiated a Planning Group to establish a Scientific Research Program in Astronomy and Astrophysics from Antarctica. Broadly stated, the objectives of Astronomy and Astrophysics from Antarctica are to coordinate astronomical activities in Antarctica in a way that ensures the best possible outcomes from international investment in Antarctic astronomy, and maximizes the opportunities for productive interaction with other disciplines.

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Focussing an Antarctic research programme: the Australian experience

Polar Record ◽

10.1017/s0032247400020271 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 28 (164) ◽

pp. 51-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Bruce W. Davis

Keyword(s):

Environmental Management ◽

Research Programme ◽

Community Interest ◽

Antarctic Research ◽

Antarctic Treaty ◽

Australian Experience ◽

Maturity Management ◽

The Antarctic ◽

Antarctic Environment ◽

Antarctic Treaty System

AbstractThis paper illustrates the manner in which inceased political and community interest in Antarctica is shifting the focus of Australian Antarctic research towards environmental management, creating tensions amongst bureaucrats and scientists as to programme priorities and funding allocations, and argues the existence of three distinct eras, each with particular chacteristics and orientation, but all reflecting political and scientific perspectives about Antarctic at the relevant time: (a) idosyncratic individualism in the ‘heroic age’ of Antarctic exploration 1890–1945; (b) hydra-headed science programmes within the Antarctic Treaty system 1945–1959–1990; and (c) prospective maturity management of the Antarctic environment in the post-CRAMRA era, 1990 onwards.

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Possible Challenges on the Path towards Iranian Active Scientific Research Presence in the Antarctic: An International Legal Approach

The Yearbook of Polar Law Online ◽

10.1163/2211-6427_007 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 151-167

Author(s):

Zia E. Madani

Keyword(s):

Scientific Research ◽

Science Research ◽

Legal Regime ◽

Legal Studies ◽

Research Activities ◽

Scientific Institutions ◽

Legal Perspective ◽

Antarctic Research ◽

Antarctic Treaty ◽

The Antarctic

Recently Iran commenced its scientific research activities in the Antarctic, namely through dispatch of scientists in collaboration with other foreign state scientific institutions with research stations in Antarctica. In the meantime, the Iranian Antarctic research plan received approval of the Iranian Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology and was then submitted to the relevant higher state organs for the allocation of budgets. However, there will be challenges on the trend towards Iranian active participation in the scientific research activities in the Antarctic, particularly from an international legal perspective. The author of this paper has been in charge of doing the preliminary legal studies of the plan in the Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science. Accordingly, this paper is intended to tackle the said international legal challenges. These include, but are not limited to: accession to the Antarctic Treaty and the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS); devising and implementing the Iranian polar roadmap in compliance with international law; codification and drafting of necessary domestic laws or/and revision of existing ones; analysis of the international legal regime of the Antarctic, particularly environmental protection; and the linking between Antarctic science and Antarctic policy. Addressing these questions and many others would result in the perception that even prior to becoming a party to the Antarctic Treaty and the ATS, relevant decisions have been made, and measures taken to be compatible with the existing legal regime in the Antarctic.

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Glaciological research in Antarctica

Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse ◽

10.34194/rapggu.v160.8307 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 160 ◽

pp. 83-86

Author(s):

H.H Thomsen ◽

J.O Hagen

Keyword(s):

Research Effort ◽

Research Programme ◽

Geological Survey ◽

Polar Research Institute ◽

Antarctic Research ◽

Antarctic Treaty ◽

The Antarctic ◽

Polar Center ◽

Research Institute

During 1991 and 1992 the Geological Survey of Greenland (GGU) was observer on behalf of the Danish Polar Center in and preparation of a common Nordic research effort in Antarctica. The Nordic Antarctic Research Programme (NARP) involves Norway, Sweden and Finland, which are all Antarctic Treaty Consultative Partners, whereas Denmark is an observer. A natural continuation of this work was Danish participation in the Antarctic research, and a GGU glaciologist took part in the Norwegian Antarctic Research Expedition (NARE) 1992/93 arranged by the Norwegian Polar Research Institute.

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Italian engagement in Antarctica

Polar Record ◽

10.1017/s0032247400012249 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 27 (161) ◽

pp. 121-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Manzoni ◽

M. Zucchelli

Keyword(s):

Technical Research ◽

Transport Aircraft ◽

Antarctic Research ◽

Antarctic Treaty ◽

Scientific Station ◽

Logistic Support ◽

The Antarctic

AbstractFollowing Italy's accession to the Antarctic Treaty in 1981, the Italian Parliament made provision for a six-year programme of Antarctic research, to be administered by the Ministry for University and Scientific and Technical Research. The programme, Progetto Antartide, centres on a permanent scientific station at Gerlache Inlet, installed in 1986–87 for a staff of up to 60. Chartered ships, helicopters, snow vehicles and heavy transport aircraft provide logistic support for a substantial scientific and field programme, ranging widely from the base, the scope and extent of which is likely to increase.

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Education and outreach by the Antarctic Treaty Parties, Observers and Experts under the framework of the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings

Polar Record ◽

10.1017/s003224741800044x ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 241-244 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

José C. Xavier ◽

Dragomir Mateev ◽

Linda Capper ◽

Annick Wilmotte ◽

David W. H. Walton

Keyword(s):

International Union ◽

International Polar Year ◽

Daily Lives ◽

Educational Value ◽

International Polar ◽

Antarctic Research ◽

Antarctic Treaty ◽

Education And Outreach ◽

The Antarctic

AbstractThe development of formal discourse about education and outreach within the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings (ATCM), and the influence of major international activities in this field, are described. This study reflects on the ATCM Parties’ approach to implementing the ambition of the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty Article 6.1.a, to promote the educational value of Antarctica and its environment, and examines the role of workshops and expert groups within the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR), the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and the Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programmes. These early initiatives, which emerged in the 1990s, were a prelude to the development and implementation of a large number of International Polar Year (IPY) education and outreach programmes. The establishment of an Antarctic Treaty System Intersessional Contact Group, and an online forum on education and outreach during the 2015 ATCM in Bulgaria, is a legacy of IPY and is the next step in fostering collaboration to engage people around the world in the importance and relevance of Antarctica to our daily lives.

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Developing an Iranian Antarctic Science Roadmap: A Legal and Policy Outlook

The Yearbook of Polar Law Online ◽

10.1163/22116427_010010021 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 435-454

Author(s):

Zia E. Madani ◽

Julia Jabour

Keyword(s):

Scientific Research ◽

Strategic Plan ◽

Geographical Proximity ◽

Law And Policy ◽

Number Of Factors ◽

The Status ◽

Antarctic Treaty ◽

The Antarctic ◽

Preparatory Work ◽

Antarctic Treaty System

The Antarctic offers unique opportunities to scientists in many disciplines for improving understanding of regional and global conditions. The governing Antarctic Treaty has 53 State Parties, many of which do not have geographical proximity to the continent. However, the importance of various disciplines of science and many other factors, urge them to participate in the Antarctic scientific activities. Therefore, it is not surprising that Iran is considering participation in Antarctic scientific research, and it has now set processes in motion to join these states in their endeavour to undertake research in Antarctica and contribute to its governance. Iran will develop a strategic plan prior to the commencement of its Antarctic activities, outlining its vision and objectives of an Antarctic program, as well as the financial and logistical implications, and is currently undertaking preparatory work that will culminate in the drafting of an Antarctic strategic plan. In doing so, the authors examined a number of factors including ones that could be identified in Antarctic law and policy as influencing the status and development of the existing Antarctic regime, the recent Antarctic Treaty States’ accession processes and strategies, the express or implied motivations for States to join the Antarctic Treaty, and generally the Antarctic Treaty System, all of which can be reached based on the aforementioned examination that can be incorporated in an Iranian Antarctic science roadmap.

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Antarctic climate change and the environment: an update

Polar Record ◽

10.1017/s0032247413000296 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 237-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 220

Author(s):

John Turner ◽

Nicholas E. Barrand ◽

Thomas J. Bracegirdle ◽

Peter Convey ◽

Dominic A. Hodgson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Intergovernmental Panel ◽

Assessment Report ◽

The Past ◽

Key Points ◽

Form Part ◽

Antarctic Research ◽

Antarctic Treaty ◽

The Antarctic ◽

Relevant Material

ABSTRACTWe present an update of the ‘key points’ from the Antarctic Climate Change and the Environment (ACCE) report that was published by the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) in 2009. We summarise subsequent advances in knowledge concerning how the climates of the Antarctic and Southern Ocean have changed in the past, how they might change in the future, and examine the associated impacts on the marine and terrestrial biota. We also incorporate relevant material presented by SCAR to the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings, and make use of emerging results that will form part of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report.

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Mules of the British Antarctic Expedition 1910–13

Polar Record ◽

10.1017/s0032247400019823 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 27 (160) ◽

pp. 23-28

Author(s):

D. L. Harrowfield

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Low Temperatures ◽

Working Party ◽

Research Programme ◽

First Year ◽

New Information ◽

Antarctic Expedition ◽

Antarctic Research ◽

Unbalanced Diet ◽

The Antarctic

AbstractHorses were first used in Antarctica when eight Manchurian ponies provided support for Shackleton's British Antarctic Expedition (1907–09). Scott's British Antarctic ‘Terra Nova’ Expedition (1910–13) used 17 ponies during its first year, and seven Indian mules in the following season. This paper presents new information on the mules, which suffered severely from the effects of an unbalanced diet and low temperatures. They were the last horses ever used to support an Antarctic expedition. In January 1989 when the stables of Scott's hut at Cape Evans were reclad and cleared of ice by a working party from the Antarctic Heritage Trust (New Zealand Antarctic Research Programme), artefacts relating to their occupancy by Manchurian ponies and Indian mules were located.

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A newly detected ablation phenomena in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica

Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse ◽

10.34194/rapggu.v165.8286 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 165 ◽

pp. 93-96

Author(s):

C.E Bøggild ◽

J.-G Winther

Keyword(s):

Research Effort ◽

Research Programme ◽

Research Interest ◽

Geological Survey ◽

Deep Drilling ◽

Dronning Maud Land ◽

Antarctic Research ◽

Antarctic Treaty ◽

New Research ◽

Climate Studies

From November 1993 to February 1994 members of the Geological Survey of Greenland (GGU) participated in a Nordic research effort in Antarctica. The Nordic Antarctic Research Programme (NARP) involves Norway, Sweden and Finland, which are all Antarctic Treaty Consultative Partners; Denmark as an observer has participated only since 1992 (Thomsen, 1994; Boggild et al., 1995). The member countries of NARP have traditionally carried out research in Dronning Maud Land. This region of Antarctica has recently gained new research interest, including survey for a joint European deep drilling programme planned for 1995/96. Future Norwegian climate studies on blue ice will therefore be closely related to the joint European deep drilling programme.

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