Automated policing: the case of body-worn video

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of body-worn video (BWV) on the police craft skills of close observation, note-taking, investigative analysis, report-writing and preparation of evidence for the courts. It explains how the technology functions and explores its surveillant, investigative, probative and regulatory applications. The evidence shows that policing tasks are being transformed by BWV cameras and analytics such as facial recognition. The paper argues that BWV exemplifies the automation of policing – the replacement of police labour with mechanical devices – and explores the implications of this for transparency, accountability, fairness and police discretion.

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Analyse des interactions didactiques lors de l’enseignement du football à l’école Tunisienne

Sport Science Review ◽

10.2478/ssr-2013-0019 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 22 (5-6) ◽

pp. 387-404

Author(s):

Guerchi Maher ◽

Makram Zghibi

Keyword(s):

Physical Education ◽

Qualitative Methodology ◽

Video Sequences ◽

Physical Education Teacher ◽

Education Teacher ◽

Social Facts ◽

Close Observation ◽

The Impact

Abstract Our research focuses on describing what is really happening when a teacher wants to transmit to pupils - girls and boys - knowledge socially marked as masculine. To describe the processes involved in effective didactic interactions between a teacher a pupil and knowledge, we opted for qualitative methodology, consisting on a close observation of the didactic interactions of a teacher with his pupils (girls and boys). Analysis of the interviews focused especially on the nature of knowledge actually transmitted for girls and boys. The studied video sequences permitted to study the didactic interactions more precisely as are actually happening on the pitch. Both tools allowed us to identify the educational intentions of teachers (specialist or not); women or men in the teaching of football. The results show that teachers’ conceptions influence implicitly or explicitly the modalities of their interventions and the nature of football knowledge transmitted to pupils. This makes us think that the impact of social facts (backgrounds) on Tunisian teachers is great. This phenomenon may lock the physical education teacher in some representations modeling masculine and feminine stereotypes and affect his didactic and teaching contribution. Therefore, the teacher must be aware of the impact of the connotation that may have certain “masculine” practices on his interventions and consequently over the pupils learning (either boys or girls).

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The Impact of Arrest Records on the Exercise of Police Discretion

Law and Contemporary Problems ◽

10.2307/1191694 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 287 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Keyword(s):

Police Discretion ◽

The Impact

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FUNGSI ADJEKTIVA KOMPARATIF DALAM BAHASA MADURA DIALEK KANGEAN DAN DAMPAKNYA BAGI MASYARAKAT KANGEAN: KAJIAN PRAGMATIK [The Function of Comparative Adjectives in Kangean Dialect of Madurese Language and its Impact]

TOTOBUANG ◽

10.26499/ttbng.v9i2.299 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 257-271

Author(s):

Mutaallim Hafidz ◽

Fahmi Reza Alfani ◽

La Mahidin ◽

Yuana Dwi Agustin ◽

Damon Wicaksi

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Data Analysis ◽

Note Taking ◽

Field Note ◽

Distributional Method ◽

Written Form ◽

Observation Method ◽

The Impact ◽

Comparative Adjectives ◽

Participatory Observation

Comparative adjectives of Kangean Dialect of Madurese Language (KDML) are the basic adjectives that has A+D+(-an) stucture or lebbi. This study explored the function of comparative adjectives in KDML and its impact for the Kangean community. The theories used to explore and determine the comparative adjective function are descriptive and pragmatic theories. The research is a qualitative research. The method used in this research is the participatory observation method. The data were obtained from interviews with the dialect speakers by voice recording and field note-taking. Besides, researchers used the introspectiveve method (reflective-introspection method). The data that has been collected were transcribed into written form of orthographic transcription, then translated and classified according to its function. The method applied for analyzing the data are equivalent and distributional method. Meanwhile, the methods used for displaying the results of data analysis are informal and formal steps. The results showed that in KDML, there are several functions of comparative adjectives, namely to motivate, praise, admonish, command, insinuate, advise, criticize and accuse. Meanwhile, the impact of adjective utterances, people become more optimistic, comfortable, easy to appreciate, entertained, strong, cautious, deterred, and humble. Adjektiva komparatif bahasa Madura dialek Kangean (BMDK) merupakan adjektiva dasar yang memiliki struktur A+D+(-an) atau lebbi. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi fungsi adjektiva komparatif dalam BMDK dan dampaknya bagi komunitas Kangean. Teori yang digunakan untuk menggali dan menentukan fungsi adjektiva komparatif adalah teori deskriptif dan pragmatik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode observasi partisipatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan penutur dialek Kangean melalui rekaman dan catatan lapangan. Selain itu, peneliti menggunakan metode introspektif (metode reflektif-introspekturis). Data yang sudah terkumpul ditranskrip ke dalam bentuk tulisan dengan transkripsi ortografis, kemudian diterjemahkan dan diklasifikasikan sesuai fungsinya. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data adalah metode ekuivalen dan metode agih dan metode yang digunakan untuk menampilkan hasil analisis data adalah langkah-langkah formal dan nonformal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam BMDK terdapat beberapa fungsi adjektiva komparatif yakni untuk memotivasi, memuji, menegur, memerintah, menyindir, menasihati, mencela dan menuduh. Sedangkan dampaknya adalah masyarakat lebih optimis, peka, mudah menghargai, terhibur, kuat, berhati-hati, jera, dan rendah diri.

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Trickle-up report writing: The impact of a proarrest policy for domestic disturbances

Justice Quarterly ◽

10.1080/07418829500096121 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 525-542 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Lonn Lanza-Kaduce ◽

Richard G. Greenleaf ◽

Michael Donahue

Keyword(s):

Report Writing ◽

Domestic Disturbances ◽

The Impact

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Reports

Testimony That Sticks ◽

10.1093/med-psych/9780190467395.003.0021 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 445-458

Author(s):

Karen Postal

Keyword(s):

Expert Testimony ◽

Expert Knowledge ◽

Report Writing ◽

The Impact ◽

Free Language ◽

The Way

Many neuropsychologists, attorneys, and judges see report writing as an important foundation for productive expert testimony. This chapter addresses ways in which our reports affect our testimony, and conversely, how experience testifying transforms the way we write our reports. As emphasized throughout this book, we can create access to our expert knowledge by using clear, vivid, jargon-free language on the witness stand when we communicate with attorneys from the first contacts in the case. This chapter extends that recommendation to our reports as well. Using clear, accessible language can make a difference in the impact of our reports in forensic settings.

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The Impact of Strategic Notetaking on EFL learners’ Academic Performance in Jordan

International Journal of Higher Education ◽

10.5430/ijhe.v9n1p249 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 249

Author(s):

Ibrahim F. F. Almaagbh

Keyword(s):

Academic Performance ◽

Foreign Language ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Note Taking ◽

Efl Learners ◽

English As Foreign Language ◽

Descriptive Research ◽

The Social ◽

Independent Variable ◽

The Impact

This study investigates the impact of strategic notetaking on English as Foreign Language (EFL) learners’ academic performance among university students in Jordan. Thus, we hypothesized that there is a significant and positive impact of strategic note-taking on EFL learners’ academic performance. To confirm this hypothesis, descriptive research design was applied in this study. 384 (three hundred and eighty-four) respondents were randomly selected from the four public universities in Jordan. This study adapted instruments which include strategic note taking and students’ academic performance measurement items and the data obtained was analysed through Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS-22). The result showed that the strategic note taking (i.e. independent variable) has significant effects on EFL learners’ academic performance (R2 =.919). Moreover, the strategic notetaking made the significant contribution (Beta= .449; t= 18.714; P <0.05) to the prediction of EFL learners’ academic performance. In line with the findings, this study emphasised and explained the impact of strategic notetaking and how to improve EFL learners’ level of notetaking for better academic performance in Jordan.

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Mass data gathering and surveillance: the fight against facial recognition technology in the globalized world

SHS Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/shsconf/20207403006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 74 ◽

pp. 03006

Author(s):

Irena Nesterova

Keyword(s):

San Francisco ◽

Data Protection ◽

Facial Recognition ◽

Data Gathering ◽

Legal Framework ◽

Fundamental Rights ◽

General Data Protection Regulation ◽

The Us ◽

The Impact ◽

The Eu

The growing use of facial recognition technologies has put them under the regulatory spotlight all around the world. The EU considers to regulate facial regulation technologies as a part of initiative of creating ethical and legal framework for trustworthy artificial intelligence. These technologies are attracting attention of the EU data protection authorities, e.g. in Sweden and the UK. In May, San Francisco was the first city in the US to ban police and other government agencies from using facial recognition technology, soon followed by other US cities. The paper aims to analyze the impact of facial recognition technology on the fundamental rights and values as well as the development of its regulation in Europe and the US. The paper will reveal how these technologies may significantly undermine fundamental rights, in particular the right to privacy, and may lead to prejudice and discrimination. Moreover, alongside the risks to fundamental rights a wider impact of these surveillance technologies on democracy and the rule of law needs to be assessed. Although the existing laws, in particular the EU General Data Protection Regulation already imposes significant requirements, there is a need for further guidance and clear regulatory framework to ensure trustworthy use of facial recognition technology.

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The Impact of Novice Counselors’ Note-Taking Behavior on Recall and Judgment

Rehabilitation Research Policy and Education ◽

10.1891/2168-6653.28.3.169 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 169-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chu-Ling Lo ◽

John Wadsworth

Keyword(s):

Clinical Judgment ◽

Note Taking ◽

Counselors In Training ◽

Novice Counselors ◽

Spearman's Rho ◽

Spearman’S Rho ◽

Academic Settings ◽

Within Subjects ◽

Manova Analysis ◽

The Impact

Purpose: To examine the effect of note-taking on novice counselors’ recall and judgment of interview information in four situations: no notes, taking notes, taking notes and reviewing these notes, and reviewing notes taken by others.Method: The sample included 13 counselors-in-training recruited from a master’s level training program in rehabilitation counseling. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was conducted to detect significant differences in recall and clinical judgment. Spearman’s rho correlation was used to determine if there were significant relationships in general judgment across note-taking conditions. The participants’ notes were examined to describe the note-taking strategies used by the participants.Results: MANOVA analysis showed a significant within-subjects effect in relation to the four note-taking behaviors (F[6, 70] = 2.475, p = .031). Univariate analyses for effects of note-taking indicated that there were significant differences for recall (F[3, 36] = 3.214, p = .034) but not clinical judgment (F[3, 36) = 1.936, p = .141). Specifically, the results showed that when counselors reviewed the provided notes, they recalled more facts than when they took notes themselves. The Spearman’s rho correlation results indicated that the counselors’ perceptions of the client changed, but did not become more accurate, as a function of note-taking activity.Conclusion: Note-taking was not a successful strategy to improve recall or judgment among these novice counselors. Counselor educators and supervisors should not assume that the benefits that come from note-taking in academic settings generalize to the clinical setting.

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