scholarly journals Neonatal fatty acid profiles are correlated with infant growth measures at 6 months

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. O’Tierney-Ginn ◽  
D. Davina ◽  
M. Gillingham ◽  
D. J. P. Barker ◽  
C. Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Infant Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Fatty Acid Transporter ◽  
Acid Transporter

Rapid weight gain in infancy and low levels of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) at birth are associated with increased adiposity later in life. The association between placental LCPUFA delivery and weight gain in infancy is poorly understood. We sought to determine the relationships between maternal phenotype, placental fatty acid transporter expression and offspring growth patterns over the first 6 months. Placental tissue and cord blood were collected at term delivery from women with uncomplicated pregnancies. Offspring body composition measurements were recorded 1 day and 6 months after birth. Body mass index (BMI) z-scores were determined using World Health Organization 2006 reference data. Body phenotype patterns were compared among offspring who had an increase in BMI z-score and those who had a decrease. High skinfold thickness at birth and positive change in BMI z-scores during infancy were associated with low neonatal n-3 LCPUFA plasma levels (r=−0.46, P=0.046) and high saturated fatty acids levels (r=0.49, P=0.034). Growth of skinfolds over 6 months of age was associated with placental fatty acid transporter gene expression. Change in BMI z-score in the first 6 months of life correlated with arm muscle area growth, a measure of lean mass (r=0.62, P=0.003), but not with growth in skinfold thickness. Early infancy weight gain was associated with poor plasma LCPUFA status at birth, and fat deposition in infancy was related to changes in placental lipid handling. Thus, neonatal fatty acid profiles may influence the trajectory of infant growth and fat and lean mass deposition.

scholarly journals Phenomics reveals a novel putative chloroplast fatty acid transporter in the marine diatom Skeletonema marinoi involved in temperature acclimation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oskar N. Johansson ◽  
Mats Töpel ◽  
Jenny Egardt ◽  
Matthew I. M. Pinder ◽  
Mats X. Andersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Temperature Acclimation ◽  
Marine Diatom ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Hypothetical Proteins ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Fatty Acid Transporter ◽  
Future Value ◽  
Acid Transporter

Abstract Diatoms are the dominant phytoplankton in temperate oceans and coastal regions and yet little is known about the genetic basis underpinning their global success. Here, we address this challenge by developing the first phenomic approach for a diatom, screening a collection of randomly mutagenized but identifiably tagged transformants. Based upon their tolerance to temperature extremes, several compromised mutants were identified revealing genes either stress related or encoding hypothetical proteins of unknown function. We reveal one of these hypothetical proteins is a novel putative chloroplast fatty acid transporter whose loss affects several fatty acids including the two omega-3, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids - eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid, both of which have medical importance as dietary supplements and industrial significance in aquaculture and biofuels. This mutant phenotype not only provides new insights into the fatty acid biosynthetic pathways in diatoms but also highlights the future value of phenomics for revealing specific gene functions in these ecologically important phytoplankton.

scholarly journals The RabGAPs TBC1D1 and TBC1D4 control uptake of long-chain fatty acids into skeletal muscle via fatty acid transporter SLC27A4/FATP4 Short title: RabGAPs in skeletal muscle lipid metabolism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Admin ◽  
Tim Benninghoff ◽  
Lena Espelage ◽  
Samaneh Eickelschulte ◽  
Isabel Zeinert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Muscle Lipid ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Lipid ◽  
Fatty Acid Transporter ◽  
Acid Transporter ◽  
Long Chain

The two closely related RabGTPase-activating proteins (RabGAPs) TBC1D1 and TBC1D4 play a crucial role in the regulation of GLUT4 translocation in response to insulin and contraction in skeletal muscle. In mice, deficiency in one or both RabGAPs leads to reduced insulin and contraction-stimulated glucose uptake, and to elevated fatty acid uptake and oxidation in both glycolytic and oxidative muscle fibers without altering mitochondrial copy number and the abundance of OXPHOS proteins. Here we present evidence for a novel mechanism of skeletal muscle lipid utilization involving the two RabGAPs and the fatty acid transporter SLC27A4/FATP4. Both RabGAPs control the uptake of saturated and unsaturated long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) into skeletal muscle and knockdown of a subset of RabGAP substrates, <i>Rab8, Rab10 </i>or <i>Rab14, </i>decreased LCFA uptake into these cells. In skeletal muscle from <i>Tbc1d1/Tbc1d4</i> knockout animals, SLC27A4/FATP4 abundance was increased and depletion of SLC27A4/FATP4 but not FAT/CD36 completely abrogated the enhanced fatty acid oxidation in RabGAP-deficient skeletal muscle and cultivated C2C12 myotubes. Collectively, our data demonstrate that RabGAP-mediated control of skeletal muscle lipid metabolism converges with glucose metabolism at the level of downstream RabGTPases and involves regulated transport of LCFAs via SLC27A4/FATP4.

scholarly journals The RabGAPs TBC1D1 and TBC1D4 Control Uptake of Long-Chain Fatty Acids Into Skeletal Muscle via Fatty Acid Transporter SLC27A4/FATP4

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 2281-2293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Benninghoff ◽  
Lena Espelage ◽  
Samaneh Eickelschulte ◽  
Isabel Zeinert ◽  
Isabelle Sinowenka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Transporter ◽  
Acid Transporter ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

scholarly journals The RabGAPs TBC1D1 and TBC1D4 control uptake of long-chain fatty acids into skeletal muscle via fatty acid transporter SLC27A4/FATP4 Short title: RabGAPs in skeletal muscle lipid metabolism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Admin ◽  
Tim Benninghoff ◽  
Lena Espelage ◽  
Samaneh Eickelschulte ◽  
Isabel Zeinert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Muscle Lipid ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Lipid ◽  
Fatty Acid Transporter ◽  
Acid Transporter ◽  
Long Chain

The two closely related RabGTPase-activating proteins (RabGAPs) TBC1D1 and TBC1D4 play a crucial role in the regulation of GLUT4 translocation in response to insulin and contraction in skeletal muscle. In mice, deficiency in one or both RabGAPs leads to reduced insulin and contraction-stimulated glucose uptake, and to elevated fatty acid uptake and oxidation in both glycolytic and oxidative muscle fibers without altering mitochondrial copy number and the abundance of OXPHOS proteins. Here we present evidence for a novel mechanism of skeletal muscle lipid utilization involving the two RabGAPs and the fatty acid transporter SLC27A4/FATP4. Both RabGAPs control the uptake of saturated and unsaturated long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) into skeletal muscle and knockdown of a subset of RabGAP substrates, <i>Rab8, Rab10 </i>or <i>Rab14, </i>decreased LCFA uptake into these cells. In skeletal muscle from <i>Tbc1d1/Tbc1d4</i> knockout animals, SLC27A4/FATP4 abundance was increased and depletion of SLC27A4/FATP4 but not FAT/CD36 completely abrogated the enhanced fatty acid oxidation in RabGAP-deficient skeletal muscle and cultivated C2C12 myotubes. Collectively, our data demonstrate that RabGAP-mediated control of skeletal muscle lipid metabolism converges with glucose metabolism at the level of downstream RabGTPases and involves regulated transport of LCFAs via SLC27A4/FATP4.

scholarly journals Maternal Body Mass Index Influence on Breast Milk Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids and Their Potential Role in Developmental Programming (OR30-07-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Enstad ◽  
Sukhinder Cheema ◽  
Raymond Thomas ◽  
Daria Turner ◽  
Carol Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Infant Growth ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Maternal Bmi ◽  
Acid Esters

Abstract Objectives Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are a novel class of endogenous lipids with suspected anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties in adults. They have been reported to be present in breast milk (BM), but there is no data about their role in infant growth and nutrition. Our objective was to determine the role of maternal body mass index (BMI) on BM FAHFA composition and to delineate the association of these BM fatty acids on infant growth and adiposity. Methods This is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial of maternal vitamin D supplementation during lactation (NCT00412074). We included 40 control mother-infant dyads who had BM samples at one (V1) and four (V4) months and outcome data available. At V1 and V4, maternal and infant anthropometrics were measured, dual energy absorptiometry (DXA) scans conducted, and BM samples collected. BM lipids were measured using established methods of UHPLC-C30RP/HRAM mass spectrometry. Our primary infant growth outcomes were percentage of fat and lean mass, fat mass index, and fat-free mass index. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to analyze the relation between individual lipids, maternal BMI, and infant growth. Focusing on V1 measurements, we computed the unadjusted associations between maternal BMI with BM lipids; BM lipids with infant growth using Pearson's correlations; and the adjusted associations of BM lipids at V1 with infant growth using linear regression with adjustment for relevant covariates. Results The mean maternal BMI was 29 kg/m2. There was no correlation between maternal BMI and reported dietary intake of fat. Higher maternal BMI was associated with a higher concentration of saturated and monounsaturated FAHFAs, and a lower concentration of polyunsaturated FAHFAs in BM at V1. In an unadjusted model, saturated and monounsaturated FAHFAs were associated with higher infant fat mass and lower lean mass. The converse was seen with polyunsaturated FAHFAs which were associated with lower infant fat mass and higher lean mass. In a fully adjusted model, these associations were attenuated but the overall pattern persisted (Table 1). Conclusions Maternal BMI influences the FAHFA composition of BM. In turn, BM FAHFA composition may play a role in programming infant growth patterns. Funding Sources The Nutritional Obesity Research Consortium Grant. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals The genetic requirements of fatty acid import by Mycobacterium tuberculosis within macrophages

eLife ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeniya V Nazarova ◽  
Christine R Montague ◽  
Lu Huang ◽  
Thuy La ◽  
David Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Genes ◽  
Fatty Acid Substrate ◽  
Human Macrophages ◽  
Fatty Acid Transporter ◽  
Acid Transporter ◽  
Acid Substrate

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) imports and metabolizes fatty acids to maintain infection within human macrophages. Although this is a well-established paradigm, the bacterial factors required for fatty acid import are poorly understood. Previously, we found that LucA and Mce1 are required for fatty acid import in Mtb (Nazarova et al., 2017). Here, we identified additional Mtb mutants that have a reduced ability to import a fluorescent fatty acid substrate during infection within macrophages. This screen identified the novel genes as rv2799 and rv0966c as be necessary for fatty acid import and confirmed the central role for Rv3723/LucA and putative components of the Mce1 fatty acid transporter (Rv0200/OmamB, Rv0172/Mce1D, and Rv0655/MceG) in this process.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Transporter CD36 Mediates Hypothalamic Effect of Fatty Acids on Food Intake in Rats

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e74021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentine S. Moullé ◽  
Christelle Le Foll ◽  
Erwann Philippe ◽  
Nadim Kassis ◽  
Claude Rouch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Fatty Acid Transporter ◽  
Acid Transporter

Prepartum maternal diets supplemented with oilseeds alter the fatty acid profile in bovine neonatal plasma possibly through reduced placental expression of fatty acid transporter protein 4 and fatty acid translocase

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Salehi ◽  
Divakar J. Ambrose
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Total N ◽  
Fatty Acid Translocase ◽  
Transporter Protein ◽  
Fatty Acid Transporter ◽  
Acid Transporter

In the present study, we determined the effects of maternal dietary fat and the type of fat on plasma fatty acids and the expression of placental fatty acid transporter genes. In Experiment 1, Holstein cows in the last 35 days of gestation received diets containing sunflower seed (n = 8; high in linoleic acid (LA)), canola seed (n = 7; high in oleic acid (OLA)) or no oilseed (n = 7; control). Fatty acids were quantified in dam and neonate plasma at calving. In Experiment 2, placental cotyledons were collected (LA: n = 4; OLA: n = 4; control: n = 5) to quantify gene expression. Maternal long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, neonatal total n-3 fatty acids and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) declined, whereas docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and total fat tended to decline following fat supplementation prepartum. Feeding of LA versus OLA prepartum tended to increase peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARA) expression, whereas peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARD) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARG) expression tended to be higher in OLA- than LA-fed cows. Expression of fatty acid transporter protein 4 (FATP4) and fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36) expression was lower in placental tissue of cows fed fat compared with control cows. Reduced total n-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA in neonates born of dams fed fat prepartum is likely due to changes in PPARs and reduced expression of placental FATP4 and FAT/CD36.

scholarly journals Fatty acid profiles of muscle, liver, heart and kidney of Australian prime lambs fed different polyunsaturated fatty acids enriched pellets in a feedlot system

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung Van Le ◽  
Don Viet Nguyen ◽  
Quang Vu Nguyen ◽  
Bunmi Sherifat Malau-Aduli ◽  
Peter David Nichols ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles
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