The mediation effect of anthropometry and physical fitness on the relationship between birthweight and basal metabolic rate in children

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 640-647
Author(s):  
Isabele Goes Nobre ◽  
Marcos Andre Moura-dos-Santos ◽  
Gabriela Goes Nobre ◽  
Ravi Marinho dos Santos ◽  
Isabella da Costa Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Mediator Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackground:Birthweight (BW) has been associated with anthropometry, body composition and physical fitness during growth and development of children. However, less is known about the mediation effect of those variables on the relationship between BW and basal metabolic rate (BMR) in children.Objective:To analyse the mediation effect of anthropometry, body composition and physical fitness on the association between BW and BMR in children.Methods:In total, 499 children (254 boys, 245 girls) aged 7–10 years were included. Anthropometry (weight, height, head, waist and hip circumferences), body composition (skinfolds thickness, body fat percentage), physical fitness (handgrip strength, flexibility, muscular endurance, muscular explosive power, agility, running speed) and BMR were evaluated. The analyses were conducted by: single-mediator analysis (SMA) and multi-mediator analysis (MMA).Results:The SMA indicates height, head, waist and hip circumferences and handgrip strength as significant mediators of BW on BMR for boys and height, hip circumference and handgrip strength as significant mediators of BW on BMR for girls. In MMA for girls, there were significant indirect effects for height, hip circumference and handgrip strength, with 79.08% of percent mediation. For boys, the head and waist circumferences mediation had a significant indirect effect, with 83.37% of percent mediation.Conclusion:The anthropometric variables associated with BW were body height, head, hip and waist circumferences for boys and body height and hip circumference for girls. The current study provides new evidence that height and handgrip strength during childhood mediated the relationship between BW and BMR.

scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Body Composition in Postmenopausal Women

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Moreira ◽  
Betânia Passos ◽  
Josiane Rocha ◽  
Vivianne Reis ◽  
André Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Visceral Fat Area ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The object of the study was to analyze the relationship between aerobic fitness and body composition in postmenopausal women. We hypothesized that postmenopausal women that had higher adiposity had lower cardiorespiratory capacity, regardless of the characteristics of menopause. The sample included 208 women (57.57 ± 6.62 years), whose body composition and the basal metabolic rate were evaluated by octopolar bioimpedance (InBody 720) and the oxygen uptake by the modified Bruce protocol. Most of the sample showed obesity and a high visceral fat area. The visceral fat area and the basal metabolic rate explained 30% of the variation of oxygen uptake, regardless of age, time, nature or hormone therapy. The values of the latter variables were reduced in the presence of high central adiposity (-6.16 ml/kg/min) and the basal metabolic rate of less than 1238 kcal/day (-0.18 ml/kg/min). The women with oxygen uptake above 30.94 ml/kg/min showed lower values of total and central adiposity when compared with other groups. With an increase of aerobic fitness, there was a growing tendency of the average values of the soft lean mass index, with differences between the groups low-high and moderate-high. These results suggest worsening of the cardiorespiratory condition with an increase of central adiposity and a decrease of the BMR, regardless of age and menopause characteristics.

scholarly journals Basal Metabolic Rate and Body Composition Predict Habitual Food and Macronutrient Intakes: Gender Differences

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyan Bi ◽  
Ciarán G. Forde ◽  
Ai Ting Goh ◽  
Christiani Jeyakumar Henry
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Macronutrient Intake ◽  
Dietary Record ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Relationship

The underlying mechanisms that regulate energy homeostasis and food intake are not fully understood. Moreover, little research has been performed on the relation of body composition with habitual macronutrient intake among free-living populations. Since body composition and energy metabolism differ between males and females, we aimed to determine whether the relationship between body composition and habitual macronutrient intakes is gender-dependent. In this cross-sectional study, 261 participants (99 males) were recruited from Singapore. Macronutrient intake was evaluated from a three-day self-reported dietary record. Body composition and basal metabolic rate (BMR) were determined by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and indirect calorimetry, respectively. Our results show that both BMR (p < 0.001) and lean body mass (LBM, p < 0.001) predicted daily energy intake (EI). LBM was positively associated with intakes of protein (PRO) and fat (FAT) in females, but not in males. This relationship persisted even after adjustment for fat mass (FM). On the other hand, no significant associations between FM and macronutrient intake were observed in both males and females. Therefore, the relationship between habitual macronutrient intake, LBM, and BMR is gender-dependent. Elucidating the gender differences in energy metabolism is important for understanding the factors that regulate energy homeostasis and can subsequently help better manage energy balance.

scholarly journals Seasonal Changes in Anthropometry, Body Composition, and Physical Fitness and the Relationships with Sporting Success in Young Sub-Elite Judo Athletes: An Exploratory Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7169
Author(s):  
Olaf Prieske ◽  
Helmi Chaabene ◽  
Martijn Gäbler ◽  
Michael Herz ◽  
Norman Helm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Judo Athletes

This exploratory study aimed to monitor long-term seasonal developments in measures of anthropometry, body composition, and physical fitness in young judo athletes, and to compute associations between these measures and sporting success. Forty-four young judoka (20 females, 24 males) volunteered to participate. Tests for the assessment of anthropometry (e.g., body height/mass), body-composition (e.g., lean body mass), muscle strength (isometric handgrip strength), vertical jumping (e.g., countermovement-jump (CMJ) height), and dynamic balance (Y-balance test) were conducted at the beginning and end of a 10-month training season. Additionally, sporting success at the end of the season was recorded for each athlete. Analyses revealed significant time × sex interaction effects for lean-body-mass, isometric handgrip strength, and CMJ height (0.7 ≤ d ≤ 1.6). Post-hoc analyses showed larger gains for all measures in young males (1.9 ≤ d ≤6.0) compared with females (d = 2.4) across the season. Additionally, significant increases in body height and mass as well as Y-balance test scores were found from pre-to-post-test (1.2 ≤ d ≤4.3), irrespective of sex. Further, non-significant small-to-moderate-sized correlations were identified between changes in anthropometry/body composition/physical fitness and sporting success (p > 0.05; −0.34 ≤ ρ ≤ 0.32). Regression analysis confirmed that no model significantly predicted sporting success. Ten months of judo training and/or growth/maturation contributed to significant changes in anthropometry, body composition, and physical fitness, particularly in young male judo athletes.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANTHROPOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS AND PHYSICAL FITNESS PARAMETERS OF FIGURE SKATING ATHLETESi

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Kutlay ◽  
Fehime Haslofça ◽  
Ercan Haslofça
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Figure Skating ◽  
Sitting Height ◽  
Arm Span ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Medicine Ball

In order to monitor training effects and physical developments in elite sports, it may be beneficial to perform anthropometric measurements and physical fitness tests regularly. In this study, the relationship between the anthropometric properties and physical fitness values of elite figure skating athletes were investigated. 21 elite athletes in the 11-16 age group, female (n=12) and male (n=9), participated in the study. Anthropometric measurements were taken in accordance with The International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) protocol. Σ6 and Σ8 skinfold thickness, body fat ratio (BF%), body mass index (BMI), Manouvrier Index (MI), waist/hip ratio and somatotype components in girls Group II, III and in boys Group II were calculated. Also, balance, flexibility, handgrip strength, vertical jump, agility, medicine ball overhead back throw, speed, and endurance tests were applied to all groups. Descriptive statistical analyzes were made using the IBM SPSS 25.0 statistics program. The relationship between variables was calculated by the Pearson Correlation coefficient. The significance level was taken as p<0.01 and p<0.05. In boys, body weight, body height and arm span, sitting height, BMI, humerus breadth and foot length were observed to be associated with all physical fitness parameters (p<0.01, p<0.05), except balance and agility; Girth measurements were related to handgrip strength, vertical jump, overhead medicine ball backward throw, speed and endurance (p<0.01, p<0.05). Negative relationships of the endomorphic feature with flexibility and endurance were determined (p<0.05). In girls, it was found that body weight, body height, and arm span, sitting height and BMI were related to flexibility, handgrip strength, medicine ball overhead back throw (p<0.01, p<0.05); girth measurements were found to be related to flexibility, handgrip strength, vertical jump, overhead medicine ball back throw (p<0.01, p<0.05); also, significant correlations (p<0.01, p<0.05) were found between the handgrip strength and breadth measurements. Assessment of the relationship between morphological features and motor skills with specific field tests and standardized tests performed at regular intervals in athletes can contribute to the athletes' selection and training planning of the relevant federations and orientating towards their goals.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0629/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

scholarly journals Anthropometric correlates of handgrip strength among Nigerian primary school pupils

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adebisi Isiak Hammed ◽  
Adodo S. M.
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Moment Coefficient ◽  
Primary School Pupils ◽  
The Relationship

Study aim: This study investigated the interdependence of anthropometrics with handgrip strength (HGS) among Nigerian primary school pupils. Materials and methods: A total of 200 primary school pupils participated in this study. Electronic handgrip dynamometer was used to measure HGS in kg, body height and body weight were measured with a wall–mounted stadiometer in meters and bathroom weighing scale in kg respectively. In addition, forearm circumference was measured at the largest part of the forearm and maximum hand width was taken for hand circumference. The relationship between HGS and anthropometric parameters was analyzed using Pearson’s product moment coefficient of correlation. Results: The outcome of this study showed that age correlated disproportionately but significantly (p < 0.05) with HGS. Also, body weight, BMI and handedness were found to associate proportionately and significantly with HGS. However, hand and forearm circumferences were observed to relate positively but insignificantly (p>0.05) with HGS.   Conclusion: This study therefore concluded that the most important determinants of HGS among Nigerian primary school pupils are body weight, BMI and handedness and thus, could be considered as markers of nutritional and health status, as well as physical fitness of these individuals.

scholarly journals Mediation Effect of Age Category on the Relationship between Body Composition and the Physical Fitness Profile in Youth Handball Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Molina-López ◽  
Iván Barea Zarzuela ◽  
Jesús Sáez-Padilla ◽  
Inmaculada Tornero-Quiñones ◽  
Elena Planells
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Physiological Profile ◽  
Physical Capacities ◽  
The Relationship

The aims of the present study were (1) to determine the differences in body composition and the physical and physiological profile of handball youths across age categories, and (2) to analyze the mediation effect of different categories on the relationship between lean mass or fat mass and specific physical handball capacities. Fifty-four young handball players aged 13 to 18 were assigned to U14 (13- and 14-year-olds), U16 (15- and 16-year-olds), and U18 (17- and 18-year-olds). Body composition was measured using multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance (Inbody®, 230). Handball physical fitness was assessed using handgrip force, jumping tests (squat jump, countermovement jump, countermovement jump with aimed arms), a 30-m sprint, a change-of-direction test (T-half agility test and modified Illinois test), and a Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1. Simple mediation analysis was performed to analyze whether the category mediated the relationship between lean mass or fat mass and physical capacities. No significant differences were observed according to category for the majority of the measured parameters, except for height, lean body mass, and arm span. Lean body mass increased significantly as player category increased (p < 0.05; ∆ = 4.66–9.38; effect size (ES) = 0.96–1.92). The increase in handball category enhanced the majority of the physical capacities evaluated; however, these differences were reduced between the U16 vs. U18 categories. The indirect mediation effect suggests that handball category mediated the relationship between lean mass and upper and lower strength, velocity, agility, and cardiorespiratory fitness. In contrast, an indirect effect suggests that category mediated the relationship between fat mass only in agility and cardiorespiratory fitness. We conclude that U18s showed better body composition parameters, as well as better physical performance scores. Handball category clearly mediated the relationship between body composition through lean mass and fat mass and the physiological profile in handball youth, but lean mass proved to be more relevant when mediating physical performance.

scholarly journals Changes in Body Compositions and Basal Metabolic Rates during Treatment of Graves’ Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Joo Kim ◽  
Sun Wook Cho ◽  
Sumin Choi ◽  
Dal Lae Ju ◽  
Do Joon Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Graves Disease

Objectives. Because thyroid hormone is an important determinant of body weight and basal metabolic rate, we investigated the changes in the basal metabolic rate and body composition sequentially after treatment for Graves’ disease. Methods. A prospective cohort study was performed with six women newly diagnosed with Graves’ disease. During a 52-week treatment of methimazole, body composition, resting respiratory expenditure (REE), and handgrip strength were measured consecutively. Results. After methimazole treatment, body weight was initially increased (0–8 weeks), subsequently plateaued (8–24 weeks), and gradually decreased in the later period (24–52 weeks) despite the decreased food intake. The measured REE was 40% higher than the predicted REE at baseline, and it gradually decreased after treatment. REE positively correlated with thyroid hormone levels, peripheral deiodinase activity, and thyroid’s secretory capacity. Body compositional analyses showed that the fat mass increased during an earlier period (4–12 weeks), while the lean mass increased significantly during the later period (26–52 weeks). Consistent with the lean mass changes, muscle strength also significantly increased during the later period. Conclusions. Treatment of Graves’ disease increased body weight and fat mass transiently with decreased REE. However, long-term compositional changes moved in a beneficial direction increasing lean mass and reinforcing muscle strength, following decreasing fat percentages.

scholarly journals Body composition and basal metabolic rate in pregnant women

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
Shaila Bhardwaj ◽  
Deepali Verma ◽  
Satwanti Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Pregnancy, a milieu of physiological and metabolic adaptation, is associated with enhanced basal metabolic rate by alteration in maternal tissue and metabolism to ensure foetal growth and development. A cross-sectional study of Indian Baniya females was conducted to assess the relationship between basal metabolic rate and body composition during pregnancy. The 20-40 year old female subjects were broadly categorized in two groups; pregnant (N=198) and non-pregnant (N=35).Anthropometric measurements of each subject included height and weight, with basal metabolic rate (BMR), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM) and total body water (TBW) assayed by bioelectric impedance body composition analyzer. The descriptive statistics revealed pregnancy associated weight gain, increased FFM, FM, TBW and BMR with marked changes during the second and third trimesters. Although multiple linear regression analysis showed substantial change in BMR due to both FM and FFM, fat-free mass contributed to a much lesser extent. Pregnancy, as an anabolic phase of the female reproductive cycle, is associated with metabolic flexibility which alters the relationship between body composition and BMR. These findings however require further validation in longitudinal design studies.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Physical Activity, Physical Fitness and Body Composition in Preschool (3-6 Years)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiomar Serrano-Gallén ◽  
Natalia María Arias Palencia ◽  
Sixto González-Víllora ◽  
Víctor Gil-López ◽  
Monserrat Solera-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract BackgroundPhysical Activity (PA), body composition and fitness in children has been associated with short and long-term health benefits. However, little research that analizes these variables focuses on the Preschool Education stage. For this reason, the aim of this research is to study the relationship between PA, fatness and fitness in the Preschool Education stage (3-6 years).MethodsThis study included 230 children (109 boys and 121 girls) aged 3 to 5 years old with a mean age of 4.92±0.84. Body composition and fitness were assessed using PREFIT battery and a sit and reach test. For the multiple linear regression models of this study, we only included a total of 151 (65.65%) children in which PA levels were measured using accelerometers for seven days.ResultsThere were differences in the fitness test between boys and girls. There were not significant differences in fitness tests between normal-weight and over-weight children, except in handgrip strength in which over-weight children had better results. There was no significant association between body composition and PA subcomponents. Higher PA levels were related with better physical fitness values.DiscussionThe few studies that have studied the relationship between fatness, physical fitness and PA in Preschool have had controversial results. These differences might be caused by different reasons: different tests, age of the participants, sample size, study design, etc. were used.ConclusionsPA is associated with better physical fitness performance in Preschool children, although fitness is also influenced by sex in these ages. Thus, generally, except in the case of flexibility, boys obtained better results in fitness tests than girls. However, body composition does not seem to be related to PA or sex in Preschool children.

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