A SURVEY ON OPPORTUNITY, SCOPE AND POSSIBILITIES OF YOGA INTERVENTION IN MODERN CHINA

<p>The purpose of this study was to find out the scope, facilities and possibilities of Yoga intervention in China. For the purpose of this study, 201 samples i.e. yoga instructors (22); yoga studio owners (7); yoga instructors plus yoga studio owners (8) yoga practitioners (113) yoga lovers (50) and others (1) from various provinces and cities from China were randomly selected. The subjects’ age ranged between 60+ to 90+ years. To find out the scope, facilities and possibilities of Yoga intervention in China, a questionnaire made by “Vivekananda Cultural Communication (Shanghai) Co. Ltd.” based on “Daily Yoga Courses and Training Content in China” were introduced. For statistical analysis and interpretation of data, descriptive statistics of selected variables and descriptive statement analysis method were conducted. Interestingly this study found a very high level of scope, facilities and realistic possibilities of Yoga intervention in China which directly or indirectly might be help to develop yoga industries in China and also can better understand the need and interest of yoga for health and wellbeing among Chines population in new era. </p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0984/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

SOLUTIONS OF TEACHING AND LEARNING PHYSICAL EDUCATION AT HO CHI MINH CITY COLLEGE OF ECONOMICS, VIETNAM

<p>Physical education is one of the compulsory courses at Ho Chi Minh City College of Economics. However, students have been observed to be less engaged in physical activities. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the solutions of teaching and learning physical education at this institution. In particular, fifteen solutions are proposed to enhance the quality of teaching and learning physical education.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0971/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

TABLE TENNIS MOVEMENT AMONG OFFICIALS AND EMPLOYEES AT SAIGON UNIVERSITY, VIETNAM

<p>Research using the method of synthesis, document analysis and interview has identified six criteria through which the evaluation application provides accurate and comprehensive information about the table tennis movements among officials and employees at Saigon University. In addition, the article also provided information on the form, organization method, time, number of training sessions, time and location, training costs of officials, employees, lecturers and table tennis coaches. The research results are a reference for managers, contributing to the development of the sport movement among officials and employees at Saigon University.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0983/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

CONTENT ANALYSIS OF SOME DOCTORAL THESIS STUDIES CARRIED OUT IN TURKEY ON THE BRANCH OF TAEKWONDO IN THE FIELD OF SPORTS SCIENCES

<p>Taekwondo is an old martial art with a Korean origin that is performed with hands and feet, where several combined techniques are used together, and nerve-muscle use levels are high (Mark, 1984; Kim et al., 2011). The history of taekwondo may be traced back to centuries ago. Initially, this branch used to be taught for the person to defend themselves. Afterwards, throughout the centuries, it has been spread around the world as an artistic form. In addition to having an artistic form, the branch of taekwondo also requires high competitive strength. Taekwondo is a competitive sport that requires the displacement of the body parts of the opponent. As words, ‘tae’ means foot strike, ‘kwon’ means hand strike, and ‘do’ means philosophy (Kazemi et al., 2006). Taekwondo competitions are divided into two categories as sparring and poomsae. Sparring is performed against an opponent, while poomsae (imaginary sparring) is a branch where a single person performs. Taekwondo that is known as a demonstration sport showed itself for the first time in the 1988 Seoul and 1992 Barcelona Olympics. Its inclusion in official competitions occurred in the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games (Kazemi et al., 2004; Gupta, 2011). Taekwondo as an Olympic sport is a branch performed by 75-120 million individuals in more than 140 countries (Razi, 2016). Innovations made in equipment in time, changes in rules, safety measures, organization of competitions, and its prominent media- and education-related aspects have increasingly raised the interest in this branch and helped it gain its popularity today. With the increase in the popularity of the branch and the prominence it has gained in the Olympics, World Taekwondo has recently made some changes in the rules. Some changes may be listed as changes in the scoring system (increase in the point score of techniques applied on the head region), smaller game dimensions, enaction of the 10-sec rule and changes in penalty points (Moenig, 2015). Competitions are held in the form of 3 rounds of 1.5 minutes each for the Juniors and Teens categories and 3 rounds of 2 minutes each for the Youths and Adults categories, with 1 minute of rest between the rounds (Birrer, 1996; Toskovic et al. 2004; Heller ve ark., 1998). Competitions consist of various techniques applied on the head and torso regions. These techniques may be applied in the form of attack, counterattack and combined techniques. Athletes are scored based on the region on which they apply the techniques and the degree of difficulty. For athletes to receive points, they need to have multiple physical qualities. For competitive performance, taekwondo requires various factors including physical (Heller ve ark., 1998; Gao, 2001; Melhim, 2001; Ball et al.,2011; Estevan et al., 2011), psychological (de Prado, 2012), technical (Bridge et al., 2011; Cular et al., 2011) and tactical (Falcó et al., 2009; González et al., 2011) factors. This is why taekwondo training has been structured in a way to target these specific performance mediators (Heller et al., 1998; Gao, 2001). From this perspective, the purpose of taekwondo training is to prepare athletes in terms of both their physical activities and meeting of the physiological demands of competition (Marković et al., 2005; Pieter, 1991; Casoline et al., 2012). As strikes are important in taekwondo, athletes need to have explosive leg strength, aerobic resilience, balance and flexibility (Heller et al., 1998; Marković et al., 2005). Taekwondo athletes must have the capacity to rapidly produce muscle strength through kicks, because 80% of taekwondo skills are related to kicking (Shirley, 1992). Although these characteristics are not the only determinants of performance, they are among helpful pieces of information for trainers. There are studies in the literature on the physical and physiological characteristics of athletes. Nevertheless, it is important to increase the number of these studies and select the suitable training method for this group of athletes.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0985/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

EXAMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVELS AND LIFE QUALITIES OF TEACHERS WHO TEACH IN SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

<p>Aim of this research is to compare the relationship between the physical activity levels and quality of life of teachers working in secondary education institutions. A total of 331 secondary school teachers, including 205 men and 126 women from various branches, participated in our study in Batman province and secondary education institutions. The teachers who participated in the research were descriptive such as gender, age range, branch, chronic disease, and what if this disease was present. “International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form” for determining information and physical activity levels and “Nottingham Health Profile” questionnaires were applied for their quality of life. The statistical analysis of the data was done by using SPSS 20.0 program, and non- parametric tests such as Kruskal-Wallis, Mann Whitney U Test and Spearman Cholera test were used because the data were not normally distributed. 6.6% of secondary education teachers who participated in the study had a chronic illness, physical activity level according to gender, quality of life according to age groups, physical skill level of special talent teacher compared to other branch teacher and significant differences in quality of life (p &lt;0.05). There were no significant differences in other parameters and in the relationship between physical activity level and life satisfaction (p&gt; 0.05). As a result of the research, it has been concluded that the level of physical activity affects the level of physical activity of the gender and special education teachers and the other branch teachers, the quality of life is affected by the age group, and there is no significant relationship between the level of secondary school teachers' physical activity.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0974/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF LEISURE TIME PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN NIGERIA

<p>Despite the numerous benefits associated with leisure time physical activity (LTPA), it is quite worrisome that the habit of regularly engaging in LTPA is rare among Nigerians, especially among adolescents who are found in myriads of sedentary lifestyle behaviour as a result of technological and economical advancement. The present study examined socio-demographic and psychological determinants of LTPA among adolescents in Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted and multistage sampling technique was employed to recruit 1200 adolescents (Male =59.7%; Female =40.3%; Age: 10-19years) from twelve secondary schools in Southwest States, Nigeria. Physical Activity Self-Efficacy for Adolescent (PASE), The Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale (PALMS), Activity Questionnaire for Adults and Adolescents (AQuAA) and Self-developed Socio-demographic Questionnaire were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using statistics of frequency count, percentages &amp; Multiple Regression. The result of the study showed that socio-demographic (F(8,1191) = 4.980; p&lt; .05; R2 = .28) accounting for 28% of its variance and psychological factors (F (2,1197) =31014.342, p&lt; .05; R2 = .99) accounting for 99% of its variance) were significant. Based on the findings, adolescents in Southwest states in Nigeria do not meet the World Health Organization recommendations on physical activity. Both socio-demographic and psychological factors significantly determined LTPA and these factors could be taken into account in the development of interventions to increase LTPA levels throughout the life course among adolescents in Nigeria. </p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0852/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG RETIRED ELITE ATHLETES IN NIGERIA

<p>Retirement from sport is inevitable and unavoidable. It is a major source of threat to the health-related quality of life of retired elite athletes especially among who refute involvement in adequate planning and preparation for life after sports. The purpose of this study was to examine psychological characteristics of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among retired elite athletes in Oyo State, Nigeria. Two hypotheses were tested. The study employed descriptive survey research design. Purposive sampling technique was used to select one hundred (100) (Male = 63, Female = 37) retired elite athletes. The standardized questionnaires of Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS), Centre for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-DS) and the Short-Form 8 (SF-8) Health Survey were used for collection of data from the respondents. The reliability coefficient of the instrument used are 0.86, 0.84 and 0.88 respectively. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics of frequency counts, percentages and multiple regression. The result of the study showed that, there is significant joint contributions of psychological characteristics on HRQoL (F(2, 97) = 107.581, R = .74, R2 = .686, Adj R2 = .686, p&lt;0.05) with 68.6% of degree of variance. Also, there is significant relative contributions of psychological characteristics [athletic-identity (β = -0.079, t = 0.41, p &lt; .05) and depression (β = -.297, t = -1.521, p&lt;0.05)] on HRQoL. Based on the findings, it was concluded that psychological intervention programme that promotes HRQoL and prepares retired elite athletes for life after sports should be developed and inculcated into the elite athletes’ programme before retirement, while regular visitation to psychological and mental health care centres for optimum advise on health-related wellbeing should carried out by the retired elite athletes. </p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0864/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

EVALUATION OF NUTRITION AND HEALTH RELATED NUTRITIOUS INTAKE KNOWLEDGE AMONG ATHLETES’ TRAINERS

Background: Individuals who have valuable knowledge on how the importance of adequate and balanced diet and this knowledge will on their behaviors which eventually considered to be more successful in sports life. The present study aims to evaluate the nutrition and nutrients imbalance related to the health knowledge among trainers’ athletes. Methods: The study sample consists of 203 voluntary trainers from the sport clubs and gyms. Modified questionnaire was used in the study and Chi-square and Pearson correlation test was used. Results: Athletes related fields were determined to have the lack of knowledge on nutrition and also nutrients deficit related to ill-health questions. It was more likely the trainers know some aspects of foods and nutrients such as role and sources of some foods, but the overall score showed 40-50% for nutritional knowledge questions. Furthermore, questions related to ill-health showed poor score (< 40%). There was no gender difference in related nutrition knowledge questions and also questions for nutrient and ill-health. However, significant differences were found between education levels in which positive correlation R= 0.2 (P<0.05) between question for nutrition knowledge, nutrient related to health outcomes and high levels of education. Conclusion: The athlete’s trainers have regular nutrition knowledge and poor health related nutrients disorders knowledge. While gender differences did not influence neither nutrition knowledge nor health related nutrients deficient questions, the education levels found to have significant impact on both nutrition knowledge and health related nutrients deficient. Furthermore, dietitians with an expertise in athletes’ nutrition are qualified professionals who should be the primary source for obtaining diet information and subsequently monitoring. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0895/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

STUDENT’S CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH AWARENESS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC PROCESS: THE CASE OF SİVAS, TURKEY

Cardiovascular diseases, one of the important health problems of our day, seriously threaten human health. For this reason, it is very important to raise awareness about cardiovascular health from childhood and to develop behaviors accordingly. The aim of this study is to find out cardiovascular health awareness in students between the ages of 7 and 16 during the pandemic. 216 students continuing their education in the city centre of Sivas, Turkey participated in the study. A survey form on socio-demographic characteristics of the students and Children’s Cardiovascular Health Promotion Attitude Scale (CCHPAS) were used in the study. Demographic characteristics were collected online with a 9-question form. KMO value (0.741) was found to be moderate. Bartlett Sphericity test (p=0.00) was found to be significant. The fact that these two values are significant shows that the survey is suitable for factor analysis. 4 factors were determined as a result of factor analysis. These 4 factors explain 60% of the variance. No statistically significant difference was found in both total scale and 4 factors in terms of gender (p>0.05). While no statistically significant difference was found for the first factor in terms of the state of having social media account (p>0.05), significant difference was found for the other factors and total scale score (p<0.05). It was also examined whether there were differences between factors and total scale score in terms of age groups, and while no statistically significant difference was found in terms of Factor 1, Factor 2 and Factor 4 (p>0.05), difference was found in terms of Factor 3 and total scale scores (p<0.05). As a result of the study, it was found that the participants had good level of awareness about cardiovascular health. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0896/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

DO DAILY STEP COUNTS DURING THE PANDEMIC AFFECT THE BODY COMPOSITION AND MENTAL WELL-BEING OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS?

This study aims to determine whether the number of daily steps is effective in the body composition and mental well-being of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research group of the study consisted of 40 volunteer students studying at the Faculty of Sport Sciences by being randomly assigned to the experimental (n:20) and control (n:20) groups. The research is in the experimental model with a pre-test/post-test control group. As a data collection tool in the study, the 'Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale' was used to determine the personal information form and mental well-being. The obtained data were analysed in the Jamovi 1.8.2 statistical software program with a 95% reliability interval and 5% margin of error. In the analysis of the data, percentage (%), frequency (f), and mean (x̄) values were used in the descriptive data, Paired Samples t-test was used in the pre-test/post-test comparison, and Multinomial Regression analysis was used in the relational analysis. According to the findings of the study, 75% of the students in the experimental group and 70% of the students in the control group were in the normal weight class according to the body mass index classification. According to waist-hip ratio classification, 85% of the experimental group and 70% of the control group were in the group that did not have cardiovascular disease risk. After two months of application, the daily average number of steps of the experimental group (12.5751898.1) and the daily average number of steps of the control group were determined as (5381.272026.2). While there was a statistically significant difference in the pre-test/post-test body mass index averages of the experimental group who were asked to take at least 10,000 steps per day (p0.05), although there was an increase in the mean waist-hip ratio and mental well-being, there was no statistically significant difference (p0.05). It was determined that the step average had a statistically significant effect on the experimental group according to the body mass index classification (p0.05). As a result, while taking at least 10,000 steps per day was effective in the body mass index of the students, it was not so in the waist-hip ratio and mental well-being. In this context, physical activity, and especially walking, can be recommended at the point of protecting health. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0881/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>