scholarly journals The Finnish Twin Cohort Study: An Update

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaakko Kaprio
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Omics Data ◽  
International Collaborations ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
Adult Twins

In 2002 and 2006, review papers have described the Finnish Twin Cohort and studies conducted on these population-based, longitudinal data sets with extensive follow-up data. Three cohorts have been established: the older twin cohort in the 1970s, and the Finntwin12 and Finntwin16 studies initiated in the 1990s. The present review provides on update on the latest data collections conducted since the previous review. These cover the fourth waves of data collection in the older cohort (twins born before 1958) and Finntwin12 (twins born 1983–1987). The fifth wave of data collection in Finntwin16 (twins born 1975–1979) also included assessments of their spouses/partners. An analysis of mortality in the older cohort from 1975 to 2009 indicates that the mortality of adult twins (as individuals) does not differ from the population at large. Based on the cohorts, many sub-studies with more detailed phenotyping and collection of omics data have been conducted or are in progress. We also contribute to numerous national and international collaborations.

An Overview of the Canadian Study of Health and Aging

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (S1) ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian McDowell ◽  
Gerry Hill ◽  
Joan Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Canadian Study ◽  
Design Organization ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Collection Methods

The Canadian Study of Health and Aging is a multicenter, population-based cohort study of dementia with a sample of 10,263 participants aged 65 or over. Field work began in 1991, and a follow-up study was undertaken in 1996–97. The present article describes the origins and objectives of the study, provides an overview of its design, organization, and data collection methods, and offers a brief summary of the main results.

scholarly journals Metformin use and long-term risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a population-based cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e041875
Author(s):  
Mette Nørgaard ◽  
Bianka Darvalics ◽  
Reimar Wernich Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
First Line ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Lowering Drug

ObjectiveTo assess whether metformin use affects risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by comparing the risk of BPH in men with type 2 diabetes who initiated first-line treatment with either metformin or sulfonylurea monotherapy between 2000 or 2006 in Northern Denmark. In this period, sulfonylurea and metformin were both frequently used as first-line glucose-lowering drug (GLD) treatment.DesignA population-based cohort study.SettingNorthern Denmark.ParticipantsAll men who filled at least two prescriptions for metformin or for sulfonylurea, respectively, during their first 6 months of GLD treatment. Follow-up started 6 months after treatment start.Primary outcome measuresRates of subsequent BPH, identified based on community prescriptions for BPH-related treatment or hospital BPH diagnoses, and rates of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Rates in metformin and sulfonylurea users were compared overall and stratified by 6-month haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) using Cox regression and an intention-to-treat (ITT) approach and an as-treated analysis.ResultsDuring follow-up, less than five persons were lost to follow-up due to emigration. In 3953 metformin initiators with a median follow-up of 10 years, the 10-year cumulative BPH incidence was 25.7% (95% CI 24.2 to 27.1). Compared with 5958 sulfonylurea users (median follow-up 8 years, 10-year cumulative incidence 27.4% (95% CI 26.2 to 28.6)), the crude HR for BPH was 0.83 (95% CI 0.77 to 0.89) and adjusted HR in the ITT analyses was 0.97 (95% CI 0.88 to 1.06). For TURP, the adjusted HR was 0.96 (95% CI 0.63 to 1.46). In the as-treated analysis, adjusted HR for BPH was 0.91 (95% CI 0.81 to 1.02).ConclusionsCompared with sulfonylurea, metformin did not substantially reduce the incidence of BPH in men with diabetes.

scholarly journals National Bariatric Surgery Registries: an International Comparison

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erman O. Akpinar ◽  
Perla J. Marang- van de Mheen ◽  
Simon W. Nienhuijs ◽  
Jan Willem M. Greve ◽  
Ronald S. L. Liem
Keyword(s):  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Substantial Agreement ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Moderate Agreement ◽  
Real World Evidence ◽  
International Collaborations ◽  
Global Registry ◽  
Registry Report

Abstract Introduction Pooling population-based data from all national bariatric registries may provide international real-world evidence for outcomes that will help establish a universal standard of care, provided that the same variables and definitions are used. Therefore, this study aims to assess the concordance of variables across national registries to identify which outcomes can be used for international collaborations. Methods All 18 countries with a national bariatric registry who contributed to The International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO) Global Registry report 2019 were requested to share their data dictionary by email. The primary outcome was the percentage of perfect agreement for variables by domain: patient, prior bariatric history, screening, operation, complication, and follow-up. Perfect agreement was defined as 100% concordance, meaning that the variable was registered with the same definition across all registries. Secondary outcomes were defined as variables having “substantial agreement” (75–99.9%) and “moderate agreement” (50–74.9%) across registries. Results Eleven registries responded and had a total of 2585 recorded variables that were grouped into 250 variables measuring the same concept. A total of 25 (10%) variables have a perfect agreement across all domains: 3 (18.75%) for the patient domain, 0 (0.0%) for prior bariatric history, 5 (8.2%) for screening, 6 (11.8%) for operation, 5 (8.8%) for complications, and 6 (11.8%) for follow-up. Furthermore, 28 (11.2%) variables have substantial agreement and 59 (23.6%) variables have moderate agreement across registries. Conclusion There is limited uniform agreement in variables across national bariatric registries. Further alignment and uniformity in collected variables are required to enable future international collaborations and comparison. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Dietary Micronutrients and Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cohort Study with 12 Year Follow-Up

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1517
Author(s):  
Juyeon Lee ◽  
Kook-Hwan Oh ◽  
Sue-Kyung Park
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ckd Stage

We investigated the association between dietary micronutrient intakes and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the Ansan-Ansung study of the Korean Genome and Epidemiologic Study (KoGES), a population-based prospective cohort study. Of 9079 cohort participants with a baseline estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and a urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) <300 mg/g and who were not diagnosed with CKD, we ascertained 1392 new CKD cases over 12 year follow-up periods. The risk of CKD according to dietary micronutrient intakes was presented using hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) in a full multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for multiple micronutrients and important clinico-epidemiological risk factors. Low dietary intakes of phosphorus (<400 mg/day), vitamin B2 (<0.7 mg/day) and high dietary intake of vitamin B6 (≥1.6 mg/day) and C (≥100 mg/day) were associated with an increased risk of CKD stage 3B and over, compared with the intake at recommended levels (HR = 6.78 [95%CI = 2.18–21.11]; HR = 2.90 [95%CI = 1.01–8.33]; HR = 2.71 [95%CI = 1.26–5.81]; HR = 1.83 [95%CI = 1.00–3.33], respectively). In the restricted population, excluding new CKD cases defined within 2 years, an additional association with low folate levels (<100 µg/day) in higher risk of CKD stage 3B and over was observed (HR = 6.72 [95%CI = 1.40–32.16]). None of the micronutrients showed a significant association with the risk of developing CKD stage 3A. Adequate intake of micronutrients may lower the risk of CKD stage 3B and over, suggesting that dietary guidelines are needed in the general population to prevent CKD.

scholarly journals Risk of herpes zoster in psoriasis patients receiving systemic therapies: a nationwide population-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sze-Wen Ting ◽  
Sze-Ya Ting ◽  
Yu-Sheng Lin ◽  
Ming-Shyan Lin ◽  
George Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Taiwan National Health Insurance ◽  
Reduced Risk ◽  
Systemic Therapies

AbstractThe incidence of herpes zoster in psoriasis patients is higher than in the general population. However, the association between herpes zoster risk and different systemic therapies, especially biologic agents, remains controversial. This study investigated the association between herpes zoster risk and several systemic antipsoriasis therapies. This prospective open cohort study was conducted using retrospectively collected data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. We included 92,374 patients with newly diagnosed psoriasis between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2013. The exposure of interest was the “on-treatment” effect of systemic antipsoriasis therapies documented by each person-quarter. The outcome was the occurrence of newly diagnosed herpes zoster. During a mean follow-up of 6.8 years, 4834 (5.2%) patients were diagnosed with herpes zoster after the index date. Among the systemic antipsoriasis therapies, etanercept (hazard ratio [HR] 4.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.51–15.17), adalimumab (HR 5.52, 95% CI 1.72–17.71), and methotrexate plus azathioprine (HR 4.17, 95% CI 1.78–9.82) were significantly associated with an increased risk of herpes zoster. By contrast, phototherapy (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.60–0.96) and acitretin (HR 0.39, 95% CI 0.24–0.64) were associated with a reduced risk of herpes zoster. Overall, this study identified an association of both etanercept and adalimumab with an increased risk of herpes zoster among psoriasis patients. Acitretin and phototherapy were associated with a reduced risk.

scholarly journals Body-composition predictors of mortality in women aged ≥75 y: data from a large population-based cohort study with a 17-y follow-up

2014 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 1352-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Rolland ◽  
Adeline Gallini ◽  
Christelle Cristini ◽  
Anne-Marie Schott ◽  
Hubert Blain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Predictors Of Mortality

Future risk for disability pension among people with sickness absence due to otoaudiological diagnoses: a population-based cohort study with a 12-year follow-up

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klas Gustafsson ◽  
Gunnel Backenroth-Ohsako ◽  
Ulf Rosenhall ◽  
Elisabeth Ternevall-Kjerulf ◽  
Mats Ulfendahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Future Risk ◽  
Risk For Disability

Divergent patterns of anti-fracture medication use following fracture on therapy: A population-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A Kline ◽  
Suzanne N Morin ◽  
Lisa M Lix ◽  
William D Leslie
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Vertebral Fracture ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Traumatic Fracture ◽  
Before And After ◽  
One Year

Abstract Context Fracture-on-therapy should motivate better anti-fracture medication adherence. Objective Describe osteoporosis medication adherence in women before and following a fracture. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Manitoba BMD Registry (1996-2013). Patients Women who started anti-fracture drug therapy after a DXA-BMD with follow-up for 5 years during which a non-traumatic fracture occurred at least one year after starting treatment. Main Outcome Linked prescription records determined medication adherence (estimated by medication possession ratios, MPR) in one-year intervals. The variable of interest was MPR in the year before and after the year in which the fracture occurred with subgroup analyses according to duration of treatment pre-fracture. We chose an MPR of ≥0.50 to indicate minimum adherence needed for drug efficacy. Results There were 585 women with fracture-on-therapy, 193(33%) had hip or vertebral fracture. Bisphosphonates accounted for 82.2% of therapies. Median MPR the year prior to fracture was 0.89(IQR 0.49-1.0) and 0.69(IQR 0.07-0.96) the year following the year of fracture(p&lt; 0.0001). The percentage of women with MPR ≥ 0.5 pre-fracture was 73.8%, dropping to 57.3% post-fracture(p&lt;0.0001); restricted to hip/vertebral fracture results were similar (58.2% to 33.3%, p &lt;0.002). Among those with pre-fracture MPR &lt;0.5, only 21.7% achieved a post-fracture MPR ≥ 0.5. Conclusions Although fracture-on-therapy may motivate sustained/improved adherence, MPR remains low or even declines after fracture in many. This could reflect natural decline in MPR with time but is paradoxical to expectations. Fracture-on-therapy represents an important opportunity for clinicians to re-emphasize treatment adherence.

scholarly journals Risk of primary gastrointestinal cancers following incident non-metastatic breast cancer: a Danish population-based cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e000413
Author(s):  
Kasper Adelborg ◽  
Dóra Körmendiné Farkas ◽  
Jens Sundbøll ◽  
Lidia Schapira ◽  
Suzanne Tamang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽  
Increased Risk

ObjectiveWe examined the risk of primary gastrointestinal cancers in women with breast cancer and compared this risk with that of the general population.DesignUsing population-based Danish registries, we conducted a cohort study of women with incident non-metastatic breast cancer (1990–2017). We computed cumulative cancer incidences and standardised incidence ratios (SIRs).ResultsAmong 84 972 patients with breast cancer, we observed 2340 gastrointestinal cancers. After 20 years of follow-up, the cumulative incidence of gastrointestinal cancers was 4%, driven mainly by colon cancers. Only risk of stomach cancer was continually increased beyond 1 year following breast cancer. The SIR for colon cancer was neutral during 2–5 years of follow-up and approximately 1.2-fold increased thereafter. For cancer of the oesophagus, the SIR was increased only during 6–10 years. There was a weak association with pancreas cancer beyond 10 years. Between 1990–2006 and 2007–2017, the 1–10 years SIR estimate decreased and reached unity for upper gastrointestinal cancers (oesophagus, stomach, and small intestine). For lower gastrointestinal cancers (colon, rectum, and anal canal), the SIR estimate was increased only after 2007. No temporal effects were observed for the remaining gastrointestinal cancers. Treatment effects were negligible.ConclusionBreast cancer survivors were at increased risk of oesophagus and stomach cancer, but only before 2007. The risk of colon cancer was increased, but only after 2007.

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