scholarly journals Twins Early Development Study (TEDS): A Genetically Sensitive Investigation of Cognitive and Behavioral Development From Childhood to Young Adulthood

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire M. A. Haworth ◽  
Oliver S. P. Davis ◽  
Robert Plomin
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Behavioral Development ◽  
Development Study ◽  
Developmental Effects ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Birth Records

The Twins Early Development Study (TEDS) is a large longitudinal sample of twins born in England and Wales between 1994 and 1996. The focus of TEDS has been on cognitive and behavioral development, including difficulties in the context of normal development. TEDS began when multiple births were identified from birth records and the families were invited to take part in the study; 16,810 pairs of twins were originally enrolled in TEDS. More than 10,000 of these twin pairs remain enrolled in the study to date. DNA has been collected for more than 7,000 pairs, and genome-wide genotyping data for two million DNA markers are available for 3,500 individuals. The TEDS families have taken part in studies when the twins were aged 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, and 16 years of age. Data collection is currently underway to assess the adult destinations of the twins as they move from school to university and the workplace. Between January 2012 and December 2014, all of the TEDS twins will turn 18, and the study will transition to an adult sample. TEDS represents an outstanding resource for investigating the developmental effects of genes and environments on complex quantitative traits from childhood to young adulthood and beyond.

Twins Early Development Study: a genetically sensitive investigation into behavioural and cognitive development from infancy to emerging adulthood

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaili Rimfeld ◽  
Margherita Malanchini ◽  
Tom Spargo ◽  
Gemma Spickernell ◽  
Saskia Selzam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Development Study ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Birth Records ◽  
Longitudinal Twin Study ◽  
The Uk ◽  
First Contact

The Twins Early Development Study (TEDS) is a longitudinal twin study that recruited over 16,000 twin pairs born between 1994 and 1996 in England and Wales through national birth records. More than 10,000 of these families are still engaged in the study. TEDS was and still is a representative sample of the population in England and Wales. Rich cognitive and emotional/behavioural data have been collected from the twins from infancy to emerging adulthood with data collection at first contact and at ages 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 21, enabling longitudinal genetically sensitive analyses. Data have been collected from the twins themselves, from their parents and teachers, and from the UK National Pupil Database. Genotyped DNA data are available for 10,346 individuals (who are unrelated except for 3,320 dizygotic co-twins). TEDS data have contributed to over 400 scientific papers involving more than 140 researchers in 50 research institutions. TEDS offers an outstanding resource for investigating cognitive and behavioural development across childhood and early adulthood and actively fosters scientific collaborations.

scholarly journals Twins Early Development Study: A Genetically Sensitive Investigation into Behavioral and Cognitive Development from Infancy to Emerging Adulthood

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 508-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaili Rimfeld ◽  
Margherita Malanchini ◽  
Thomas Spargo ◽  
Gemma Spickernell ◽  
Saskia Selzam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Development Study ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Birth Records ◽  
Longitudinal Twin Study ◽  
The Uk ◽  
First Contact

AbstractThe Twins Early Development Study (TEDS) is a longitudinal twin study that recruited over 16,000 twin-pairs born between 1994 and 1996 in England and Wales through national birth records. More than 10,000 of these families are still engaged in the study. TEDS was and still is a representative sample of the population in England and Wales. Rich cognitive and emotional/behavioral data have been collected from the twins from infancy to emerging adulthood, with data collection at first contact and at ages 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 21, enabling longitudinal genetically sensitive analyses. Data have been collected from the twins themselves, from their parents and teachers, and from the UK National Pupil Database. Genotyped DNA data are available for 10,346 individuals (who are unrelated except for 3320 dizygotic co-twins). TEDS data have contributed to over 400 scientific papers involving more than 140 researchers in 50 research institutions. TEDS offers an outstanding resource for investigating cognitive and behavioral development across childhood and early adulthood and actively fosters scientific collaborations.

Genome-wide reprogramming by DNA demethylation during mouse oocyte growth and early development

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiko Sakashita ◽  
Yosuke Iseki ◽  
Mei Nakajima ◽  
Takuya Wakai ◽  
Hisato Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Dna Demethylation ◽  
Mouse Oocyte ◽  
Oocyte Growth ◽  
Genome Wide

scholarly journals Genetics of complex traits: prediction of phenotype, identification of causal polymorphisms and genetic architecture

2016 ◽  
Vol 283 (1835) ◽  
pp. 20160569 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Goddard ◽  
K. E. Kemper ◽  
I. M. MacLeod ◽  
A. J. Chamberlain ◽  
B. J. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Complex Traits ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Phenotype Identification

Complex or quantitative traits are important in medicine, agriculture and evolution, yet, until recently, few of the polymorphisms that cause variation in these traits were known. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS), based on the ability to assay thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), have revolutionized our understanding of the genetics of complex traits. We advocate the analysis of GWAS data by a statistical method that fits all SNP effects simultaneously, assuming that these effects are drawn from a prior distribution. We illustrate how this method can be used to predict future phenotypes, to map and identify the causal mutations, and to study the genetic architecture of complex traits. The genetic architecture of complex traits is even more complex than previously thought: in almost every trait studied there are thousands of polymorphisms that explain genetic variation. Methods of predicting future phenotypes, collectively known as genomic selection or genomic prediction, have been widely adopted in livestock and crop breeding, leading to increased rates of genetic improvement.

scholarly journals Genome-wide analysis shows that Ldb1 controls essential hematopoietic genes/pathways in mouse early development and reveals novel players in hematopoiesis

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 121 (15) ◽  
pp. 2902-2913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athina Mylona ◽  
Charlotte Andrieu-Soler ◽  
Supat Thongjuea ◽  
Andrea Martella ◽  
Eric Soler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Genome Wide Analysis ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Differentiation Block ◽  
Early Developmental

Key Points Lack of yolk-sac hematopoiesis in the Ldb1−/− mouse results from a decreased number of hemangioblasts and a differentiation block. Identification of genes and pathways regulated by Ldb1 in the hemangioblast reveals potential targets for early developmental manipulation.

Micromere lineages in the glossiphoniid leechHelobdella

Development ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 719-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Françoise Z. Huang ◽  
Dongmin Kang ◽  
Felipe-Andres Ramirez-Weber ◽  
Shirley T. Bissen ◽  
David A. Weisblat
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
Spiral Cleavage ◽  
Helobdella Robusta

In leech embryos, segmental mesoderm and ectoderm arise from teloblasts by lineages that are already relatively well characterized. Here, we present data concerning the early divisions and the definitive fate maps of the micromeres, a group of 25 small cells that arise during the modified spiral cleavage in leech (Helobdella robusta) and contribute to most of the nonsegmental tissues of the adult. Three noteworthy results of this work are as follows. (1) The c′′′ and dm′ clones (3d and 3c in traditional nomenclature) give rise to a hitherto undescribed network of fibers that run from one end of the embryo to the other. (2) The clones of micromeres b′′ and b′′′ (2b and 3b in traditional nomenclature) die in normal development; the b′′ clone can be rescued to assume the normal c′′ fate if micromere c′′ or its clone are ablated in early development. (3) Two qualitative differences in micromere fates are seen between H. robusta (Sacramento) and another Helobdella sp. (Galt). First, in Helobdella sp. (Galt), the clone of micromere b′′ does not normally die, and contributes a subset of the cells arising exclusively from c′′ in H. robusta (Sacramento). Second, in Helobdella sp. (Galt), micromere c′′′ makes no definitive contribution, whereas micromere dm′ gives rise to cells equivalent to those arising from c′′′ and dm′ in H. robusta (Sacramento).

scholarly journals Mapping mendelian factors underlying quantitative traits using RFLP linkage maps.

Genetics ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
E S Lander ◽  
D Botstein
Keyword(s):  
Dna Markers ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Human Genetics ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Genetic Dissection ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Phenotypic Effect ◽  
Length Polymorphisms

Abstract The advent of complete genetic linkage maps consisting of codominant DNA markers [typically restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs)] has stimulated interest in the systematic genetic dissection of discrete Mendelian factors underlying quantitative traits in experimental organisms. We describe here a set of analytical methods that modify and extend the classical theory for mapping such quantitative trait loci (QTLs). These include: (i) a method of identifying promising crosses for QTL mapping by exploiting a classical formula of SEWALL WRIGHT; (ii) a method (interval mapping) for exploiting the full power of RFLP linkage maps by adapting the approach of LOD score analysis used in human genetics, to obtain accurate estimates of the genetic location and phenotypic effect of QTLs; and (iii) a method (selective genotyping) that allows a substantial reduction in the number of progeny that need to be scored with the DNA markers. In addition to the exposition of the methods, explicit graphs are provided that allow experimental geneticists to estimate, in any particular case, the number of progeny required to map QTLs underlying a quantitative trait.

scholarly journals CTCF looping is established during gastrulation in medaka embryos

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryohei Nakamura ◽  
Yuichi Motai ◽  
Masahiko Kumagai ◽  
Haruyo Nishiyama ◽  
Neva C. Durand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Protein Binding ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Great Increase ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Early Embryogenesis ◽  
Genome Architecture ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Genome Wide

Abstract:Genome architecture plays a critical role in gene regulation, but how the structures seen in mature cells emerge during embryonic development remains poorly understood. Here, we study early development in medaka (the Japanese killifish, Oryzias latipes) at 12 time points before, during, and after gastrulation which is the most dramatic event in early embryogenesis, and characterize transcription, protein binding, and genome architecture. We find that gastrulation is most associated with drastic changes in genome architecture, including the formation of the first loops between sites bound by the insulator protein CTCF and great increase in the size of contact domains. However, the position of CTCF is fixed throughout medaka embryogenesis. Interestingly, genome-wide transcription precedes the emergence of mature domains and CTCF-CTCF loops.

scholarly journals Detection and application of genome-wide variations in peach for association and genetic relationship analysis

BMC Genetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Guan ◽  
Ke Cao ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Jian Guo ◽  
Qiang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Relationship Analysis ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

Abstract Background Peach (Prunus persica L.) is a diploid species and model plant of the Rosaceae family. In the past decade, significant progress has been made in peach genetic research via DNA markers, but the number of these markers remains limited. Results In this study, we performed a genome-wide DNA markers detection based on sequencing data of six distantly related peach accessions. A total of 650,693~1,053,547 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 114,227~178,968 small insertion/deletions (InDels), 8386~12,298 structure variants (SVs), 2111~2581 copy number variants (CNVs) and 229,357~346,940 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were detected and annotated. To demonstrate the application of DNA markers, 944 SNPs were filtered for association study of fruit ripening time and 15 highly polymorphic SSRs were selected to analyze the genetic relationship among 221 accessions. Conclusions The results showed that the use of high-throughput sequencing to develop DNA markers is fast and effective. Comprehensive identification of DNA markers, including SVs and SSRs, would be of benefit to genetic diversity evaluation, genetic mapping, and molecular breeding of peach.

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