Location and Variety but Not Phosphate Starter Fertilization Influence the Profiles of Fatty Acids, Carotenoids, and Tocochromanols in Kernels of Modern Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids Cultivated in Germany

Abstract Objectives This research aimed to evaluate the effect of the consumption of a baked corn and bean snack in the intestinal oxidative stress and energetic metabolism in chronic colitis in vivo. Methods The polyphenolic composition of baked 70% nixtamalized corn (Zea mays L.) and 30% cooked common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) snack (70/30) was characterized by UHPLC-QTOF/MS. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS, 2% v/v) was used as chemical inductor of colitis in 45 CD-1/ICR male mice (6–8 weeks age) randomly distributed in 5 groups (treatment 5 weeks): G1 (basal diet: BD + water), G2 (BD), G3 (20 g 70/30/kg body weight: BW/day + BS), G4 (40 g 70/30/kg BW/day + BS), and G5 (60 g 70/30/kg BW/day + BS). G2-G5 groups were administered DSS every other week, during 5-weeks. BW and disease activity indexes (DAI) were measured weekly. Liver and colon histopathological and immunohistochemical (TGF-b and Ki-67) analysis was performed. Serum antioxidant capacity, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and fecal composition (polyphenols and short-chain fatty acids) were quantified. The colonic mRNA expression of genes associated with oxidative stress and energy metabolism was performed using a mice gene array. Results p-Coumaric and ferulic acids were the main identified phenolics (72–103 mg/g snack, respectively). G3 and G4 exhibited the highest BW (+2.94%) and lowest DAI scores (0.5–1.5) (p < 0.05) among the DSS-induced groups, compared to G2. G4 showed preservation of colon architecture from 70/30-administered groups (histological score: 4.30 ± 0.13), while G3 and G4 exhibited the highest seric antioxidant capacity values (130–147 mg equivalents Trolox/mL). Snack-added groups displayed the lowest IL-6 and TNF-a values (598–657 pg/mL and 82–277 pg/mL, respectively) (p < 0.05) and the highest amount of fecal polyphenols and short-chain fatty acids (21–25 mM). G1 and G4 were clustered in the same groups from the gene analysis (p < 0.05), being the adiponectin receptor 1 (ADIPOR1) (-0.17 fold), erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NRF2) (0.32–0.34 fold), and superoxide dismutase (SOD2) (0.58–1.25 fold) the main regulated genes, compared to G2. Conclusions Results suggested that 70/30 baked corn and bean snack consumption protects the colon from inflammatory symptoms, decreasing oxidative stress in vivo. Funding Sources The funding received by CONACyT is appreciated.

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Oxidative stability of tocochromanols, carotenoids, and fatty acids in maize (Zea mays L.) porridges with varying phytate concentrations during cooking and in vitro digestion

Food Chemistry ◽

10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132053 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 132053

Author(s):

Peter E. Lux ◽

Larissa Fuchs ◽

Nina Wiedmaier-Czerny ◽

Jan Frank

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Zea Mays ◽

Oxidative Stability ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

In Vitro Digestion

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Location of chromosomal regions controlling fatty acid composition of embryo oil in Zea mays L.

Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology ◽

10.1139/g86-036 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 260-265 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jeff Shadley ◽

David Weber

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Zea Mays ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Linoleic Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

B Chromosome ◽

Chromosome 4 ◽

Chromosome 5

B–A translocations were utilized in Zea mays L. to assign regions affecting the fatty acid composition of embryo oil to chromosome arms. A region affecting all four measured fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids) was assigned to the long arm of chromosome 4 by results of tests with TB-4Lb, whereas another affecting palmitic and stearic acids was assigned to the long arm of chromosome 10 by tests with TB-10L19. These effects were in agreement with previous results from analysis of trisomy for chromosome 4 and monosomy for chromosome 10. The fatty acid composition of euploid embryos containing a B chromosome was not significantly different from that of embryos not containing a B chromosome. Thus, the B chromosome is not responsible for the differences observed using B–A translocations. TB-5La was backcrossed into two inbred lines having a relatively high percentage of linoleic acid. Hyperploidy for the long arm of chromosome 5 significantly increased the percentage of linoleic acid in both inbreds. Aneuploidy for the long arm of chromosome 5 also had a dosage effect on fatty acid composition of the endosperm.Key words: Zea, corn oil, fatty acids, B chromosome, translocation.

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Diallel Analyses of Fatty Acids in Corn ( Zea mays L.) Oil 1

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci1970.0011183x001000040006x ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 338-341 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

C.G. Poneleit ◽

L.F. Bauman

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L

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Influence de l'âge sur les caractéristiques photosynthétiques de la feuille de maïs, Zea mays L

Agronomie ◽

10.1051/agro:19820208 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 159-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Olivier BETHENOD ◽

Christine JACOB ◽

Jean-Claude RODE ◽

Jean-François MOROT-GAUDRY

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L

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PRODUKTIVITAS PUPUK ORGANIK TERHADAP HASIL TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L) DI TANAH MINERAL

JURNAL AGRO INDRAGIRI ◽

10.32520/jai.v3i2.1025 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 318-326

Author(s):

Yoyon Riono.

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L

Penelitian tentang pengaruh pemberian produktivitas pupuk organik terhadap hasil Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L) di tanah mineral penelitian ini di laksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai Mei, yang bertempat di Sungai Salak Kecsmstsn Tempuling Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir Provinsi Riau. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang disusun secara faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan. Faktor B adalah bokashi pupuk kandang yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu B0 (tanpa pemberianpupuk kandang), B1 (5 ton/ha) dan B2 (10 tom/ ha), serta B3 (15 ton/ha) Parameter yang di amati adalah tinggi tanaman, panjang daun ke tujuh, berat brangkasan basah, berat berangkasan kering, berat tongkol pertanaman sampel, diameter tongkol , produksi per plot, dan berat 100 biji. Selanjutnya data yang di peroleh di olah secara statistik, apabila F hitung lebih besar dari F tabel di lanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Tukey HSD pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa interaksi bokashi pupuk kandang dan varietas berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat tongkol dan produksi dan produksi per plot, akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, panjang daun ke tujuh, berat brangkasan basah, berat brangkasan kering , diameter tongkol dan berat 1000 biji. Untuk perlakuan bokashi pupuk kandang secara tunggal berpengaruh nyata terhadap terhadap diameter tongkol , akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, panjang daun ke tujuh, berat brangkasan basah, berat brangkasan kering, berat tongkol, produksi per plot, dan berat 1000 biji, perlakuan bokashi terbaik terdapat pada pemberian 15 ton/ha. Sedangkan perlakuan varietas secara tunggal berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat brangkasan basah, berat tongkol, dan produksi per plot seta berat 1000 biji, akan tetapi tidak berbeda nyata dengan tinggi tanaman, panjang daun ke tujuh, berat brangkasan kering, dan diameter tongkol. Varietass terbaik adalah NT 10

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