In Operando Visualization of Interfacial Band Bending in Photomultiplying Organic Photodetectors

Nano Letters ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Wang ◽  
Junqi Lai ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
Fujun Zhang ◽  
Liwei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Band Bending ◽  
In Operando ◽  
Organic Photodetectors

Tire Treadwear — A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Factors: Generic Type, Aspect Ratio, Tread Pattern, and Tread Composition Part IV: Laboratory Measurement of Mechanical Properties and Mechanical Actions of Tires Relating to Treadwear

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-291
Author(s):  
K. L. Oblizajek ◽  
A. G. Veith
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Contact Zone ◽  
Flexural Rigidity ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Shear Stiffness ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Lateral Shear ◽  
Band Bending ◽  
Tread Rubber

Abstract Treadwear is explained by specific mechanical properties and actions of tires. Rubber shear stresses in the contact zone between the tire and the road become large at large slip angles. When normal stresses are insufficient to prevent sliding at the rear of the footprint, wear occurs at a rate that depends on test severity. Two experimental approaches are described to relate treadwear to tire characteristics. The first uses transducers imbedded in a simulated road surface to obtain direct measurements of contact stresses on the loaded, freely-rolling, steered tires. The second approach is developed with the aid of a simple carcass, tread-band, tread-rubber tire model. Various tire structural configurations; characterized by carcass spring rate, edgewise flexural band stiffness, and tread rubber shear stiffness; are simulated and lateral shear stress response in the contact zone is determined. Tires featuring high band stiffness and low carcass stiffness generate lower lateral shear stress levels. Furthermore, coupling of tread-rubber stiffness and band flexural rigidity are important in determining level of shear stresses. Laboratory measurements with the described apparatus produced values of tread-band bending and carcass lateral stiffness for several tire constructions. Good correlation is shown between treadwear and a broad range of tire stiffness and test course severities.

Stochastic Computing via In Operando Modulation of Rectification in Molecular Tunneling Junctions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinkai Qiu ◽  
Sylvia Rousseva ◽  
Gang Ye ◽  
Jan C. Hummelen ◽  
Ryan Chiechi
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Self Assembled Monolayers ◽  
Microfluidic Channels ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Glycol Ethers ◽  
Stochastic Computing ◽  
Assembled Monolayers ◽  
In Operando ◽  
Tunneling Junctions

This paper describes the reconfiguration of molecular tunneling junctions during operation via the self-assembly of bilayers of glycol ethers. We use well-established functional groups to modulate the magnitude and direction of rectification in assembled tunneling junctions by exposing them to solutions containing different glycol ethers. Variable-temperature measurements establish that rectification occurs by a bias-dependent tunneling-hopping mechanism and that glycol ethers, beside being an unusually efficient tunneling medium, behave identically to alkanes. We fabricated memory bits from crossbar junctions prepared by injecting eutectic Ga-In into microfluidic channels. Two 8-bit registers were able to perform logical AND operations on bit strings encoded into chemical packets as microfluidic droplets that alter the composition of the crossbar junctions through self-assembly to effect memristor-like properties. This proof of concept work demonstrates the potential for fieldable molecular-electronic devices based on tunneling junctions of self-assembled monolayers and bilayers.

Dendritic Growth Failure of a Mesa Diode

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Singh ◽  
V. Cozzolino ◽  
G. Galyon ◽  
R. Logan ◽  
K. Troccia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Dendritic Growth ◽  
Silicon Oxide ◽  
Impact Ionization ◽  
Electron Tunneling ◽  
Growth Failure ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Oxide Interface ◽  
Band Bending ◽  
Cross Section Area

Abstract The time delayed failure of a mesa diode is explained on the basis of dendritic growth on the oxide passivated diode side walls. Lead dendrites nucleated at the p+ side Pb-Sn solder metallization and grew towards the n side metallization. The infinitesimal cross section area of the dendrites was not sufficient to allow them to directly affect the electrical behavior of the high voltage power diodes. However, the electric fields associated with the dendrites caused sharp band bending near the silicon-oxide interface leading to electron tunneling across the band gap at velocities high enough to cause impact ionization and ultimately the avalanche breakdown of the diode. Damage was confined to a narrow path on the diode side wall because of the limited influence of the electric field associated with the dendrite. The paper presents experimental details that led to the discovery of the dendrites. The observed failures are explained in the context of classical semiconductor physics and electrochemistry.

Panchromatic organic photodetectors with SubPc as a non-fullerene acceptor

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 105103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasheng Su ◽  
Jinjin Dong ◽  
Lidan Wang ◽  
Zisheng Su
Keyword(s):  
Organic Photodetectors

Strong dark current suppression in flexible organic photodetectors by carbon nanotube transparent electrodes

Nano Today ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 101081
Author(s):  
Woongsik Jang ◽  
Byung Gi Kim ◽  
Seungju Seo ◽  
Ahmed Shawky ◽  
Min Soo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Dark Current ◽  
Transparent Electrodes ◽  
Organic Photodetectors

scholarly journals Corrosion of ternary borosilicate glass in acidic solution studied in operando by fluid-cell Raman spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Lenting ◽  
Thorsten Geisler
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Adsorbed Water ◽  
Corrosion Mechanism ◽  
Borosilicate Glasses ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
In Operando ◽  
High Level ◽  
Fluid Cell

AbstractFluid-cell Raman spectroscopy is a space and time-resolving application allowing in operando studies of dynamic processes during solution–solid interactions. A currently heavily debated example is the corrosion mechanism of borosilicate glasses, which are the favoured material for the immobilization of high-level nuclear waste. With an upgraded fluid-cell lid design made entirely from the glass sample itself, we present the polymerization of the surface alteration layer over time in an initially acidic environment, including the differentiation between pore and surface-adsorbed water within it. Our results support an interface-coupled dissolution-precipitation model, which opposes traditional ion-exchange models for the corrosion mechanism. A sound description of the corrosion mechanism is essential for reliable numerical models to predict the corrosion rate of nuclear waste glasses during long-term storage in a geological repository.

A rigorous electrochemical ammonia electrolysis protocol with in-operando quantitative analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yejin Yang ◽  
Jeongwon Kim ◽  
Hyoi Jo ◽  
Arim Seong ◽  
Minzae Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
In Operando

Ammonia has emerged as attractive liquid fuel for hydrogen production owing to its facile transportation, high capacity of hydrogen storage, and ecofriendly environmental products (N2 and H2). Moreover, the electrolysis...

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