Suppression Effect of Gamma-Valerolactone on the Mild Alkaline Pretreatment of Hybrid Pennisetum

Multi-classifiers are widely applied in many practical problems. But the features that can significantly discriminate a certain class from others are often deleted in the feature selection process of multi-classifiers, which seriously decreases the generalization ability. This paper refers to this phenomenon as interclass interference in multi-class problems and analyzes its reason in detail. Then, this paper summarizes three interclass interference suppression methods including the method based on all-features, one-class classifiers and binary classifiers and compares their effects on interclass interference via the 10-fold cross-validation experiments in 14 UCI datasets. Experiments show that the method based on binary classifiers can suppress the interclass interference efficiently and obtain the best classification accuracy among the three methods. Further experiments were done to compare the suppression effect of two methods based on binary classifiers including the one-versus-one method and one-versus-all method. Results show that the one-versus-one method can obtain a better suppression effect on interclass interference and obtain better classification accuracy. By proposing the concept of interclass inference and studying its suppression methods, this paper significantly improves the generalization ability of multi-classifiers.

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A Remote Sensor System Based on TDLAS Technique for Ammonia Leakage Monitoring

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21072448 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (7) ◽

pp. 2448

Author(s):

Hongbin Lu ◽

Chuantao Zheng ◽

Lei Zhang ◽

Zhiwei Liu ◽

Fang Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Signal Processing ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Processing Technique ◽

Tunable Diode Laser ◽

Sensor System ◽

Signal Processing Technique ◽

Suppression Effect ◽

Output Wavelength ◽

Deviation Analysis ◽

Remote Sensor

The development of an efficient, portable, real-time, and high-precision ammonia (NH3) remote sensor system is of great significance for environmental protection and citizens’ health. We developed a NH3 remote sensor system based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) technique to measure the NH3 leakage. In order to eliminate the interference of water vapor on NH3 detection, the wavelength-locked wavelength modulation spectroscopy technique was adopted to stabilize the output wavelength of the laser at 6612.7 cm−1, which significantly increased the sampling frequency of the sensor system. To solve the problem in that the light intensity received by the detector keeps changing, the 2f/1f signal processing technique was adopted. The practical application results proved that the 2f/1f signal processing technique had a satisfactory suppression effect on the signal fluctuation caused by distance changing. Using Allan deviation analysis, we determined the stability and limit of detection (LoD). The system could reach a LoD of 16.6 ppm·m at an average time of 2.8 s, and a LoD of 0.5 ppm·m at an optimum averaging time of 778.4 s. Finally, the measurement result of simulated ammonia leakage verified that the ammonia remote sensor system could meet the need for ammonia leakage detection in the industrial production process.

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Hydrothermal, acidic, and alkaline pretreatment of waste flower-mix for enhanced biogas production: a comparative assessment

Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery ◽

10.1007/s13399-021-01607-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Avantika Agarwal ◽

Kunwar Paritosh ◽

Pragati Dangayach ◽

Priyanka Gehlot ◽

Nidhi Pareek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biogas Production ◽

Comparative Assessment ◽

Alkaline Pretreatment

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Influence of Supplementation of Lactoferrin, Melittin and Cecropin A to Rat Diet on Changes in Faecal Ammonia Concentrations, Short-Chain Fatty Acid Concentrations and Activities of Bacterial Enzymes

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11051203 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1203

Author(s):

Jerzy Juśkiewicz ◽

Aleksandra Rawicka ◽

Bartosz Fotschki ◽

Michał Majewski ◽

Zenon Zduńczyk

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽

Control Diet ◽

Chain Fatty Acid ◽

Short Chain ◽

Antimicrobial Protein ◽

Enzyme Release ◽

Bacterial Cells ◽

Suppression Effect ◽

Cecropin A

We hypothesised that the dietary addition of the bioactive antimicrobial protein lactoferrin (LF) and peptides melittin (MT) or cecropin A (CR) at a dosage of 100 mg/kg to the diet of Wistar rats would result in strong modulatory effects on faecal microbial enzymatic activity, short-chain fatty acid and ammonia concentrations. To date, the changes in bacterial extracellular and intracellular enzymatic activities upon addition of dietary AMPs have not yet been studied. This experiment lasted 15 days; during the first 5 day period, the rats were fed the control diet (S) and diets supplemented with LF, MT or CR. On days 6–15, all rats were fed the control S diet. The faecal fermentation processes were substantially stopped after two days of treatment, on average, in all rats receiving LF and two AMPs. The deepest suppression effect was observed on the last day of treatment (day 5) and persisted through days 5–8. The highest decreases in faecal bacterial β-glucosidase and β-glucuronidase activities as well as in SCFA and ammonia concentrations were observed in the rats fed the CR diet. Only in the CR animals did the mechanism of suppressed microbial fermentation involve diminished enzyme release from bacterial cells to the digesta.

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A new method of phase-shifting and displacement of unit motor to suppress the thrust fluctuation of linear motor

Advances in Mechanical Engineering ◽

10.1177/16878140211008740 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 168781402110087

Author(s):

Feng Zhou ◽

Han Zhao ◽

Xiaoke Liu ◽

Fujia Wang

Keyword(s):

Permanent Magnet ◽

Linear Motor ◽

Phase Shifting ◽

New Method ◽

Analysis Model ◽

End Effects ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Suppression Effect ◽

Permanent Magnet Linear Motor ◽

Thrust Fluctuation

Permanent magnet linear motors can cause thrust fluctuation due to cogging and end effects, which will affect the operation stability of the linear motor. In order to solve this problem, a new method of eliminating alveolar force by using phase-shifting and displacement is proposed in this paper. Taking the cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor as an example, the traditional cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor is divided into two unit-motors, and established finite element analysis model of cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor. It is different from other traditional methods, the thrust fluctuation was reduced by both phase-shifting and displacement simultaneously in this paper, and through simulation analysis, it is determined that the thrust fluctuation suppression effect was the best when the cogging distance was shifted by half. Furthermore, a comparative simulation was made on whether the magnetic insulating material was used. The simulation results show that: The method proposed in this paper can effectively suppress the thrust fluctuation of the cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor. And it can be applied to other similar motor designs. Compared with the traditional method of suppressing thrust fluctuation, the mechanical structure and the technological process of suppressing thrust fluctuation used in this method are simpler.

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