Effects of Population, Age, and Cultivation Methods on Ginsenoside Content of Wild American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolium)

Soil-applied dolomitic limestone and fertilizer affected the level of certain root and leaf ginsenosides in 4-year-old American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.); however, ginsenoside accumulations in the roots and in the leaves often were not similar. Root and leaf ginsenoside production tended to differ in its response to soil fertility (SF) factors and root tissue nutrient (RN) elements. Leaf ginsenoside production was more often correlated with SF factors and RN elements than that of root ginsenosides, the response of both ginsenoside sources was greater to RN than SF status. Leaf ginsenoside content was positively correlated with the SF factors and RN elements to a greater degree than that of root ginsenosides. Leaf ginsenoside production was more often affected by the same chemical element in the soil and in root tissue than that of root ginsenosides. There was no correlation between the level of any ginsenoside measured in root tissue and the same ginsenoside in leaf tissue.

Download Full-text

Pseudoginsenoside F11, a Novel Partial PPARγAgonist, Promotes Adiponectin Oligomerization and Secretion in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

PPAR Research ◽

10.1155/2013/701017 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Guoyu Wu ◽

Junyang Yi ◽

Ling Liu ◽

Pengcheng Wang ◽

Zhijie Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Side Effects ◽

Hormone Receptor ◽

Adipocyte Differentiation ◽

American Ginseng ◽

Nuclear Hormone Receptor ◽

Targeted Therapeutics ◽

Panax Quinquefolium ◽

Master Regulator

PPARγis a nuclear hormone receptor that functions as a master regulator of adipocyte differentiation and development. Full PPARγagonists, such as the thiazolidinediones (TZDs), have been widely used to treat type 2 diabetes. However, they are characterized by undesirable side effects due to their strong agonist activities. Pseudoginsenoside F11 (p-F11) is an ocotillol-type ginsenoside isolated fromPanax quinquefolium L.(American ginseng). In this study, we found that p-F11 activates PPARγwith modest adipogenic activity. In addition, p-F11 promotes adiponectin oligomerization and secretion in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We also found that p-F11 inhibits obesity-linked phosphorylation of PPARγat Ser-273 by Cdk5. Therefore, p-F11 is a novel partial PPARγagonist, which might have the potential to be developed as a new PPARγ-targeted therapeutics for type 2 diabetes.

Download Full-text

CVT-E002, a Polysaccharide from North American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) Enhances Immune Response in a Human Dendritic and T Cell Co-Culture Model.

10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2009.179.1_meetingabstracts.a4285 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

R Ilarraza ◽

Y Wu ◽

F Davoine ◽

DJ Adamko

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

T Cell ◽

North American ◽

American Ginseng ◽

Panax Quinquefolium ◽

Culture Model

Download Full-text

The activity of different extracts from Panax quinquefolium L. cultures against pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus with respect to ginsenoside content

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs150330104s ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 67 (4) ◽

pp. 1277-1284 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Monika Sienkiewicz ◽

Anna Głowacka ◽

Edward Kowalczyk ◽

Ewa Kochan

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Hairy Root ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Hairy Root Cultures ◽

Root Cultures ◽

Panax Quinquefolium ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Ginsenoside Content

Ginsenosides can be isolated from various cultures of Panax quinquefolium L., American ginseng. The aim of the study was to determine the antibacterial activity of extracts from leaves, stalks, hairy root cultures and field roots of P. quinquefolium L. containing ginsenosides against Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained from various clinical materials. The agar well diffusion assay was used to evaluate microbial growth inhibition at various concentrations of extracts. The susceptibility of the clinical isolates to recommended antibiotics was determined with the disk-diffusion method. The results showed that the tested extracts inhibited the growth of all S. aureus clinical isolates, including MRSA (methicillin-resistant S. aureus) with MIC values ranging from 0.5 mg/mL to 1.7 mg/mL. The level of antimicrobial activity of extracts depends on the ginsenoside content. Both field roots and hairy root cultures represent excellent sources of these metabolites. Extracts with ginsenosides were found to inhibit multidrug-resistant staphylococci and can be a valuable complement to antistaphylococcal therapy.

Download Full-text