Cost of Treatment of Deliberate Self-Harm

Crisis ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahid ◽  
Murad M. Khan ◽  
Haider Naqvi ◽  
Junaid Razzak
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Discharged Patients ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medical Wards ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mean Cost

A retrospective review of 98 patients through medical and billing records, over a period of 12 months (January to December 2004), was conducted to evaluate the cost of treatment of patients presenting with deliberate self-harm (DSH) to a private tertiary care teaching hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. After initial treatment in the Emergency Department (ED), 34 patients were admitted to the medical wards for further treatment and 64 patients were either discharged or left against medical advice from ED. The mean cost for admitted and discharged patients was US $255 and US $55.60, respectively. One patient was intubated in the ED and shifted to intensive care unit. The cost of treatment of DSH is extremely high in a country like Pakistan, where the patients have to bear the hospital cost out of their own pocket. The most important determinant of cost was length of hospital stay, averaging 2.91 days.

scholarly journals Costs of care provided in a university hospital for children exposed to or infected with the HIV/AIDS

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (suppl 3) ◽  
pp. S402-S413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heloisa Helena de Sousa Marques ◽  
Bernard François Couttolenc ◽  
Maria do Rosário Dias de Oliveira Latorre ◽  
Maria Zilda de Aquino ◽  
Maria Ignez Garcia Aveiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Costs Of Treatment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cost Accounting System ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mean Cost ◽  
Hiv Aids

The objective of this study was to estimate and analyze the costs of treating children with HIV/AIDS at a university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. The study collected and analyzed data from 291 medical records of children treated at the hospital as of March 2002. The costs of treatment were estimated for each category of patient (exposed and infected) and severity, based on the quantity of inputs and procedures used in treating each child, based on the cost accounting system used at the hospital. The total cost of treatment for children exposed to the HIV was R$ 956.41 and for those infected with HIV R$ 8,092.71 per year. The mean cost of ambulatory care was R$ 6,047.28 for children with severe conditions, R$ 3,714.45 for those with light/moderate conditions, and R$ 948.63 for the exposed. Hospitalized children had annual costs of R$ 19,353.34, R$ 18,823.16, and R$ 871.03, respectively. The medication was a major factor in the cost of treatment. Our estimates are comparable to the findings from other studies, but lower than corresponding findings from the international literature.

scholarly journals Cost effectiveness analysis in the management of stroke in a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2566
Author(s):  
Gargi Dey ◽  
Jyothi R. ◽  
Girish K.
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Socioeconomic Group ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mean Cost

Background: Stroke has a high economic impact on the society especially in a developing country like India. In India health insurance doesn’t cover all people leading to out of pocket expenditure. The objective of the present study was to study the cost of illness and outcome of stroke in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: Direct medical and nonmedical costs were obtained after 28 days of follow-up. The outcome of the stroke was measured by modified Rankin scale (mRS).Results: The mean age of the patients was 65.38±13.98 years. Majority of the patients suffered from ischemic stroke and belonged to lower middle socioeconomic group. The mean cost of stroke was INR 39819. There was improvement in the mRS score after 28 days following treatment of acute stroke.Conclusions:Direct medical costs forms major component of cost of stroke. Early management and hospital discharge can reduce the economic burden of stroke. 

scholarly journals Patterns of acne prescriptions: a study in a tertiary care unit

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1554
Author(s):  
Donepudi Pavan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Drug Monitoring System

Background: Acne vulgaris is one of the most common dermatological disorder affecting the pilo sebaceous glands resulting in their blockage or inflammation. Symptoms of acne may include local erythema and tenderness and pain. Medication include benzoyl peroxide, retinoids, salicylic acid, alpha hydroxy acid, nicotinamide, azelaic acid, anti-seborrheic medications, hormonal treatment, anti-androgen medications and keratolytic soaps.Methods: About 166 patients who were treated for acne vulgaris were included into the study after taking the informed consent from the patients. This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. The demographic details of the patients with regards to their, age sex, weight, BMI were taken. The acne was medically diagnosed, and the grade was assessed.Results: Out of the 166 patients included into the study, 92 (55%) were females while 74 (45%) were males and the mean age was 25.4±1.6 of the patients belonged to the middle class. Of the patients, most of them were adolescents or less than 25 years of age (54.2%). 64 of the patients were between 26-45 years while only 12 were >45 years of age. A total of 521 drugs were prescribed. Of them, 37.6% were through the oral route and 62.4% were topical the most common prescribed drugs were antimicrobials, both topical and oral.Conclusions: The multidrug prescription in most of the cases can be rationalized if a drug monitoring system can be effectively put into place. This would not only reduce the number of drugs per prescription but also the cost of treatment.

Deliberate Self-Harm in the Emergency Department

Crisis ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahid ◽  
Murad M. Khan ◽  
Muhammad Saleem Khan ◽  
Yasir Jamal ◽  
Aaref Badshah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Medical Advice ◽  
Psychosocial Assessment ◽  
Against Medical Advice ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Medical Wards

Background: Suicidal behavior is an understudied subject in Pakistan, a South-Asian developing country with a predominantly Muslim population. Aims: This study examined the characteristics and management of patients presenting with Deliberate Self-Harm (DSH) to the Emergency Department (ED) of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: A retrospective chart review of all patients (n = 98), over a period of 12 months was carried out. The demographic details of patients; method of DSH and, if drugs were used, their type, route, and quantity; reason for DSH; past psychiatric history; and outcome were recorded. Results: The mean age of subjects was 23.5 years. The majority of patients were female; most had used drugs for DSH. After initial treatment in the ED, 34 patients were admitted to medical wards for further treatment, 12 were discharged from ED, while 52 patients left against medical advice. The main reasons for leaving against medical advice were financial constraints and fear of legal issues. Seven patients had at least one previous episode of DSH. Conclusions: Patients who left the ED without psychosocial assessment are at increased risk for repetition of DSH as well as suicide.

The cost of a general stochastic epidemic

1972 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 257-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gani ◽  
D. Jerwood
Keyword(s):  
Recursive Equation ◽  
Stieltjes Transform ◽  
Stochastic Epidemic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mean Cost ◽  
General Stochastic

This paper is concerned with the cost Cis = aWis + bTis (a, b > 0) of a general stochastic epidemic starting with i infectives and s susceptibles; Tis denotes the duration of the epidemic, and Wis the area under the infective curve. The joint Laplace-Stieltjes transform of (Wis, Tis ) is studied, and a recursive equation derived for it. The duration Tis and its mean Nis are considered in some detail, as are also Wis and its mean Mis . Using the results obtained, bounds are found for the mean cost of the epidemic.

scholarly journals Comparison of the costs of HPV testing through community health campaigns versus home-based testing in rural Western Kenya: a microcosting study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e033979
Author(s):  
Easter Elizabeth Olwanda ◽  
James G Kahn ◽  
Yujung Choi ◽  
Jessica Yasmine Islam ◽  
Megan Huchko
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Capital Goods ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mean Cost

ObjectivesTo estimate the cost of human papillomavirus (HPV)-based screening through community health campaigns (CHCs) and home-based testing.SettingCHCs and home-based testing in six communities in rural Western Kenya.ParticipantsCHCs and home-based screening reached 2297 and 1002 women aged 25–65 years, respectively.Outcome measuresOutcome measures were overall cost per woman screened achieved through the CHCs and home-based testing and the cost per woman for each activity comprising the screening intervention.ResultsThe mean cost per woman screened through CHCs and home-based testing were similar, at $37.7 (range $26.4–$52.0) and $37.1 (range $27.6–$54.0), respectively. For CHCs, personnel represented 49% of overall cost, supplies 25%, services 5% and capital goods 23%. For home-based testing, these were: personnel 73%, supplies 25%, services 1% and capital goods 2%. A greater number of participants was associated with a lower cost per participant.ConclusionsThe mean cost per woman screened is comparable for CHC and home-based testing, with differences in type of input. The CHCs generally reached more eligible women in the six communities, whereas home-based strategies more efficiently reached populations with low screening rates.Trial registration numberNCT02124252.

Trend of Hospital Admission and Outcome Study of Patients Admitted in a Neurology Unit at a Tertiary Care Neuroscience Hospital in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Md Tauhidul Islam Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad Shah Jahirul Hoque Choudhury ◽  
KM Ahasan Ahmed ◽  
Mohammad Sadekur Rahman Sarkar ◽  
Md Abdullah Yusuf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Total Death ◽  
Neurological Patients ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Day By Day

Background: Neurological disorders is becoming a growing concern both for developed and developing countries. Magnitude of the problem is increasing day by day. Among all neurological disorders, stroke is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally.Objectives: The purpose of the study was to see the trend of admission of patients with neurological diseases and to study the outcome of patients at referral neurology hospital in Bangladesh.Methodology: This retrospective chart review was conducted in the blue unit of the Department of Neurology at National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from 1st January to 31st December 2016 for a period of one (01) year. All the admitted patients with both sexes were selected as study population. The outcome was observed among the study population.Result: A total number of 1044 patients were admitted during the study period. Majority of the patients were in the age group of the 41 to 50 years which was 417(39.9%) cases. Both male and female were in highest number in the month of May which was 63 and 48 cases respectively. The total death of the study population was 146(14.0%) cases. The mean length of hospital stay was 8.4±2.31 days.Conclusion: Middle aged male is the main bulk of the neurological patients, admitted in a referral neurology hospital in Bangladesh. Highest admission and mortality was observed in stroke patients.Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2018;4(2): 69-74

scholarly journals Potato Late Blight in the Columbia Basin: An Economic Analysis of the 1995 Epidemic

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Johnson ◽  
T. F. Cummings ◽  
P. B. Hamm ◽  
R. C. Rowe ◽  
J. S. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Columbia Basin ◽  
Copper Hydroxide ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Late Season ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mean Cost ◽  
First Time

The cost of managing late blight in potatoes during a severe epidemic caused by new, aggressive strains of Phytophthora infestans in the Columbia Basin of Washington and Oregon in 1995 was documented. The mean number of fungicide applications per field varied from 5.1 to 6.3 for early- and midseason potatoes, and from 8.2 to 12.3 for late-season potatoes in the northern and southern Columbia Basin, respectively. In 1994, a year when late blight was not severe, the mean number of fungicide applications per field made to early- and midseason potatoes was 2.0; whereas late-season potatoes received a mean of 2.5 applications. The mean per acre cost of individual fungicides applied varied from $4.90 for copper hydroxide to $36.00 for propamocarb + chlorothalonil. Total per acre expenses (application costs plus fungicide material) for protecting the crop from late blight during 1995 ranged from $106.77 to $110.08 for early and midseason potatoes in different regions of the Columbia Basin and from $149.30 to $226.75 for lateseason potatoes in the northern and southern Columbia Basin, respectively. Approximately 28% of the crop was chemically desiccated before harvest as a disease management practice for the first time in 1995, resulting in an additional mean cost of $34.48/acre or $1.3 million for the region. Harvested yields were 4 to 6% less than in 1994. The total cost of managing late blight in the Columbia Basin in 1995 is estimated to have approached $30 million.

An Economic Evaluation of a Community-Based Organization Led HIV Self-Testing Program Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanzi Huang ◽  
Jason Ong ◽  
Wencan Dai ◽  
Xi He ◽  
Yi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Self Testing ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Community Based Organization ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mean Cost

Abstract Introduction: HIV self-testing (HIVST) is effective in improving the uptake of HIV testing among key populations. Complementary data on the cost-effectiveness of HIVST is critical for planning and scaling up HIVST. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a community-based organization (CBO)-led HIVST model implemented in China. Method: A cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) was conducted by comparing a CBO-led HIVST model with a CBO-led facility-based HIV rapid diagnostics testing (HIV-RDT) model. The full economic cost, including fixed and variable cost, from a health provider perspective using a micro costing approach was estimated. We determined the cost-effectiveness of these two HIV testing models over a two year time horizon (i.e. duration of the programs), and reported costs using US dollars (2020). Results: From January 2017 to December 2018, a total of 4,633 men tested in the HIVST model, and 1,780 men tested in the HIV-RDT model. The total number of new diagnosis was 155 for HIVST and 126 for the HIV-RDT model; the HIV test positivity was 3.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.8-3.9) for the HIVST model and 7.1% (95% CI: 5.9-8.4) for the HIV-RDT model. The mean cost per person tested was $14.57 for HIVST and $24.74 for HIV-RDT. However, the mean cost per diagnosed was higher for HIVST ($435.52) compared with $349.44 for HIV-RDT.Conclusion: Our study confirms that compared to facility-based HIV-RDT, a community-based organization led HIVST program could have a cheaper mean cost per MSM tested for HIV in China. Better targeting of high-risk individuals would further improve the cost-effectiveness of HIVST.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document