The Relationship Between Prior Suicidal Behavior and Mortality Among Individuals in Community Corrections

Crisis ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 428-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Brendan Clark ◽  
Matthew C. Waesche ◽  
Peter S. Hendricks ◽  
Cheryl B. McCullumsmith ◽  
Nicole Redmond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Past History ◽  
Community Corrections ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
History Of

Background: Individuals under community corrections have multiple risk factors for mortality including exposure to a criminal environment, drug use, social stress, and a lack of medical care that predispose them to accidents, homicides, medical morbidities, and suicide. The literature suggests that prior suicidal behavior may be a particularly potent risk factor for mortality among individuals in the criminal justice system. Aims: This study looked to extend the link between history of a suicide attempt and future mortality in a community corrections population. Method: Using an archival dataset (N = 18,260) collected from 2002 to 2007 of individuals being monitored under community corrections supervision for an average of 217 days (SD = 268), we examined the association between past history of a suicide attempt and mortality. Results: A Cox Proportional Hazard Model controlling for age, race, gender, and substance dependence indicated that past history of a suicide attempt was independently associated with time to mortality, and demonstrated the second greatest effect after gender. Conclusion: These data suggest the need for a greater focus on screening and preventive services, particularly for individuals with a history of suicidal behavior, so as to reduce the risk of mortality in community corrections populations.

scholarly journals Predictors of Suicide Behavior Relapse in Pediatric Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Villar ◽  
Carmina Castellano-Tejedor ◽  
Mireia Verge ◽  
Bernardo Sánchez ◽  
Tomás Blasco-Blasco
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

AbstractIdentifying patients at increased risk of suicide remains a challenge today. It has been reported that 10% of patients committing a suicide attempt end up dying and that both the risk and the severity of clinical symptomatology increase with the number of attempts. Within the framework of selective and indicated prevention, it is essential to identify the group of patients with an increased risk of recurrence. The objective of this study is to identify factors predicting suicide attempt relapse to improve the decision making process in the therapeutic approach to suicidal behavior. The methodology employed was a longitudinal design aimed at identifying factors, in a binary logistic regression model (stepwise), predicting the repetition of suicidal behavior among a sample of 417 participants aged between 8 and 17 years old, at the six months follow-up. A statistically significant model χ2(3, N = 417) = 18.610; p < .001; Nagelkerke R2 = .096 including the following factors was obtained: current diagnosis of personality disorder/maladaptive personality OR = .806, p = .028, 95% CI [1.091, 4.595], personal history of self-injury OR = .728, p = .043, 95% CI [1.023, 4.192], and family history of psychopathological diagnosis OR = .925, p = .021, 95% CI [1.151, 5.530]. Considering these results, having a diagnosis of personality disorder or maladaptive personality traits, presence or history of self-harm and family history of psychopathology draws a predictive profile of autolytic attempt recurrence during the six months after the initial intervention at the emergency room.

scholarly journals Prospective study of risk factors for suicidal behavior in individuals with anxiety disorders

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1465-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Uebelacker ◽  
R. Weisberg ◽  
M. Millman ◽  
S. Yen ◽  
M. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Past History ◽  
History Of

BackgroundAnxiety disorders are very common and increase risk for suicide attempts. Little is known about predictors of increased risk specifically among individuals with anxiety disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether specific anxiety disorders and other co-morbid psychiatric disorders, physical health, or work or social functioning increased the future likelihood of a suicide attempts among individuals with anxiety disorders.MethodIn this prospective study, 676 individuals with an anxiety disorder were followed for an average of 12 years.ResultsAs hypothesized, we found that post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), intermittent depressive disorder (IDD), epilepsy, pain, and poor work and social functioning all predicted a shorter time to a suicide attempt in univariate analyses. In multivariate analyses, baseline MDD and IDD were independent predictors of time to suicide attempt, even when controlling for a past history of suicide attempt. No specific anxiety disorder was an independent predictor of time to attempt in this anxiety-disordered sample. Adding baseline physical health variables and social functioning did not improve the ability of the model to predict time to suicide attempt.ConclusionsMood disorders and past history of suicide attempts are the most powerful predictors of a future suicide attempt in this sample of individuals, all of whom have an anxiety disorder.

scholarly journals Brain 5-HT1A Receptor PET Binding, Cortisol Responses to Stress, and the Familial Transmission of Suicidal Behavior

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine M Melhem ◽  
Yongqi Zhong ◽  
Jeffrey M Miller ◽  
Francesca Zanderigo ◽  
R Todd Ogden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cortisol Responses

Abstract Background The serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) receptor has been implicated in depression and suicidal behavior. Lower resting cortisol levels are associated with higher 5-HT1A receptor binding, and both differentiate suicide attempters with depression. However, it is not clear whether 5-HT1A receptor binding and cortisol responses to stress are related to familial risk and resilience for suicidal behavior. Methods [ 11C]CUMI-101 PET imaging to quantify regional brain 5-HT1A receptor binding was conducted in individuals considered to be at high-risk for mood disorder or suicidal behavior on the basis of having a first or second degree relative(s) with an early onset mood disorder and history of suicidal behavior. These high-risk subjects were subdivided into: high-risk resilient having no mood disorder or suicidal behavior (HR-R, n=29); high-risk with mood disorder and no suicidal behavior history (HR-MOOD n=31); and high-risk with mood disorder and suicidal behavior (HR-SA/MOOD, n=25). Groups were compared to healthy volunteers without a family history of mood disorder or suicidal behavior (HV, n=34). Participants underwent the Trier Social Stress Task (TSST). All subjects were free from psychotropic medications at the time of the TSST and PET scanning. Results We observed no group differences in 5-HT1A receptor binding considering all regions simultaneously, nor did we observe heterogeneity of the effect of group across regions. These results were similar across outcome measures (BPND for all subjects and BPp in a subset of the sample), and definitions of regions of interest (ROIs; standard or serotonin system-specific ROIs). We also found no group differences on TSST outcomes. Within HR-SA/MOOD, lower BPp binding [β=-0.084, Standard Error or SE=0.038, p=0.048] and higher cortisol reactivity to stress [β=9.25, 95% CI (3.27,15.23), p=0.004] were associated with higher lethality attempts. There were no significant relationships between 5-HT1A binding and cortisol outcomes. Conclusions 5-HT1A receptor binding in ROIs was not linked to familial risk or resilience protecting against suicidal behavior or mood disorder although it may be related to lethality of suicide attempt. Future studies are needed to better understand the biological mechanisms implicated in familial risk for suicidal behavior and how HPA axis function influences such risk.

scholarly journals Research on serotonin and suicidal behavior: neuroendocrine and molecular approaches

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-416
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
History Of ◽  
Serotonergic Function

We carried out two studies to test the hypothesis that altered central serotonergic function, as assessed by lower prolactin (PRL) response to fenfluramine (D-FEN), is more closely associated with suicidal behavior than a particular psychiatric diagnosis. A D-FEN test was performed in 85 major depressed inpatients, 33 schizophrenic inpatients, and 18 healthy controls. We showed that PRL response to D-FEN is a marker of suicidality, regardless of psychiatric disorder. We then examined the association en the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) receptor 5-HT(2A) gene polymorphism (T102C) and suicide in a sample of Brazilian psychiatric inpatients (95 with schizophrenia, 78 with major depression) and 52 healthy controls. No differences were found in genotypic frequencies across patients and controls. Overall, no differences were found between patients with (n=66) and without (n=107) a history of suicide attempt. We also compared patients with a history of severe suicide attempts (lethality>3; n=32) and patients without such a history (n=107), but they did not exhibit different genotypic frequencies either. These results show thai the 5-HT(2A) gene polymorphism (T102C) may not be involved in the genetic susceptibility to suicidal behavior.

scholarly journals Serotonin transporter gene polymorphism as a predictor of short-term risk of suicide reattempts

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico M. Daray ◽  
Ángeles R. Arena ◽  
Arnaldo R. Armesto ◽  
Demián E. Rodante ◽  
Soledad Puppo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Short Term ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Adjusted Model

AbstractObjective:The serotonin-transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) polymorphisms are associated with suicidal behavior; however, prospective studies are scarce. Herein we aim to determine if 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms predict risk of short-term suicide reattempt in a high-risk suicidal sample. We also explore possible mediators or moderators of this relationship.Methods:A multicenter prospective cohort study was designed to compare data obtained form 136 patients admitted to the emergency department for current suicidal ideation or a recent suicide attempt. Subjects were clinically evaluated, genotyped, and monitored for a new suicide attempt for 6 months.Results:At 6 months of follow up, 21% of the subjects had a new suicide attempt. The frequency of L-allele and L-carrier was higher in reattempters when compared with non-reattempters (55.8% vs. 35.4%, p = 0.01 and 76.9% vs. 54.2%, p = 0.04, respectively). Reattempters also differ from non-reattempters patients with respect to age, history of previous suicide attempts, and age of onset of suicidal behavior. The logistic regression model showed that L-carriers had an odds ratio of 2.8 (95% CI: 1.0–7.6) for reattempts when compared to SS genotype. The adjusted model indicates that this association is not mediated or moderated by impulsivity.Conclusion:The 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms predicted short-term risk of suicidal reattempt independently of age and sex. L-carriers have almost three times more risk of relapse when compared with SS carriers.

scholarly journals Higher Negative Self-Reference Level in Patients With Personality Disorders and Suicide Attempt(s) History During Biological Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder: Clinical Implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Bulteau ◽  
Morgane Péré ◽  
Myriam Blanchin ◽  
Emmanuel Poulet ◽  
Jérôme Brunelin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Past History ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Reference

Objective: The aim of the study was to identify clinical variables associated with changes in specific domains of self-reported depression during treatment by antidepressant and/or repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).Methods: Data from a trial involving 170 patients with MDD receiving either venlafaxine, rTMS or both were re-analyzed. Depressive symptoms were assessed each week during the 2 to 6 weeks of treatment with the 13-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI13). Associations between depression changes on BDI13 domains (Negative Self-Reference, Sad Mood, and Performance Impairment), treatment arm, time, and clinical variables were tested in a mixed linear model.Results: A significant decrease of self-reported depressive symptoms was observed over time. The main characteristics associated with persistent higher depressive symptomatology on Negative Self-Reference domain of the BDI13 were personality disorders (+2.1 points), a past history of suicide attempt(s) (+1.7 points), age under 65 years old (+1.5 points), and female sex (+1.1 points).Conclusions: Early cognitive intervention targeting specifically negative self-referencing process could be considered during pharmacological or rTMS treatment for patients with personality disorders and past history of suicide attempt(s).

scholarly journals Vulnerabilidades da população em situação de rua ao comportamento suicida

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Ramon Azevedo Silva de Castro ◽  
Éllen Bárbara Padilha ◽  
Cássia Maria Dias ◽  
Nadja Cristiane Lappann Botti
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Categorical Analysis ◽  
Problematic Use ◽  
Street People ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
History Of ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

RESUMOObjetivo: compreender as vulnerabilidades de adultos em situação de rua ao comportamento suicida. Método: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo, realizado com oito pessoas em situação de rua com história de tentativa de suicídio. Fez-se a coleta de dados por meio de entrevista, e os resultados a partir da técnica de Análise de Conteúdo na modalidade Análise Categorial. Resultados: entende-se que as categorias geradas a partir da análise temática dos dados foram os contextos de vulnerabilidade à ideação suicida, tentativa de suicídio e suicídio para pessoas em situação de rua. Observou-se que os entrevistados acreditam que o comportamento suicida ocorre na população em situação de rua em função da tristeza, sofrimento, desesperança, uso problemático de álcool e/ou outras drogas, doenças e falta de fé. Conclusão: expõem-se os adultos em situação de rua a constantes e diversas situações de vulnerabilidades ao comportamento suicida. Descritores: Pessoas em Situação de Rua; Vulnerabilidade em Saúde; Suicídio; Ideação Suicida; Tentativa de Suicídio; Saúde Mental.   ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the vulnerabilities of street adults to suicidal behavior. Method: this is a qualitative, descriptive study carried out with eight street persons with a history of attempted suicide. Data was collected through an interview, and the results were obtained from the Content Analysis technique in the Categorical Analysis modality. Results: it is understood that the categories generated from the thematic analysis of the data were contexts of vulnerability to suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and suicide for street people. It was observed that the interviewees believe that suicidal behavior occurs in the street population due to sadness, suffering, and hopelessness, problematic use of alcohol and / or other drugs, illness and lack of faith. Conclusion: the adults in the street situation are exposed to constant and diverse situations of vulnerability to suicidal behavior. Descriptors: Homeless People; Vulnerability in Health; Suicide; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide attempt; Mental health. RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender las vulnerabilidades de los adultos en situación de calle al comportamiento suicida. Método: se trata de un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, realizado con ocho personas en situación de calle con historia de intento de suicidio. Se hizo la recolección de datos por medio de entrevista, y los resultados a partir de la técnica de Análisis de Contenido en la modalidad Análisis Categorial. Resultados: se entiende que las categorías generadas a partir del análisis temático de los datos fueron los contextos de vulnerabilidad a la ideación suicida, intento de suicidio y suicidio para personas en situación de calle. Se observó que los entrevistados creen que el comportamiento suicida ocurre en la población en situación de calle en función de la tristeza, sufrimiento, desesperanza, uso problemático de alcohol y / u otras drogas, enfermedades y falta de fe. Conclusión: se exponen los adultos en situación de calle a constantes y diversas situaciones de vulnerabilidades al comportamiento suicida. Descriptores: Personas sin Hogar; Vulnerabilidad em Salud; Suicidio; Ideación Suicida; Intento de Suicidio; Salude Mental.

SAT-1 -1415T/C polymorphism and suicidal behavior

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 812-812
Author(s):  
C. Riaza Bermudo-Soriano ◽  
C. Vaquero-Lorenzo ◽  
E. Baca-García ◽  
M. Díaz-Hernández ◽  
J. Pérez-Piqueras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Past History ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
Linear Association ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Suicidal Patients ◽  
Sat 1

BackgroundA growing interest in the potential role of polyamines in stress, mood disorders and suicidal behavior has recently emerged. In particular, the expression of polyamine's rate-limiting catabolic enzyme (SAT-1, Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase-1) may be reduced in ventral prefrontal cortex and posterior cyngulate gyrus of patients who committed suicide. However, there is some controversy regarding the involvement of potential cis-acting loci controlling SAT-1 gene expression (rs6526342 or rs17286006) in suicidal behavior. Moreover, a significant association between SAT-1 rs1960264 SNP and anxiety disorders has been found in a male caucasian spanish sample.MethodsIn order to test the potential association of SAT-1 -1415T/C SNP (rs1960264) with suicidal behavior, genotype frequencies for that SNP were compared between 193 suicidal attempters (126 female and 67 male) and 650 non-suicidal patients (314 female and 336 male) from an in-patient sample.ResultsWe could not find a significant difference in the distribution of the genotypes for rs1960264 SNP between suicide attempters versus non-suicidal individuals (Linear-by-Linear association X2 = 0,203; df = 1; P = 0,652, females; Linear-by-Linear association X2 = 0,000; df = 1; P = 0,990, males). Neither could we demonstrate a relationship between rs1960264 genotype and past history of suicidal attempts (Linear-by-Linear association X2 = 2,966 ; df = 1; P = 0,085, females; Linear-by-Linear association X2 = 1,171; df = 1; P = 0,279, males).ConclusionsAlthough we did not find a link between rs1960264 genotype and suicidal behavior, SAT-1 may be an interesting target to investigate the biology of this phenotype. Future studies should take into account other genetic polymorphisms at SAT-1, and definitively evaluate whether or not rs6526342 and rs1960264 have any functional implications.

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