P3 and ERD/ERS in a Visual Oddball Paradigm

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Sochurková ◽  
Milan Brázdil ◽  
Pavel Jurák ◽  
Ivan Rektor
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Limbic Structures ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
P3 Component ◽  
Visual Oddball

Abstract: Objective: The present study investigates intracerebrally the concurrent occurrence of event-related potentials (ERPs) and event-related desynchronization/synchronization phenomena (ERD/ERS) in subjects performing a visual oddball task. Methods: Evoked (P3) and induced ERD/ERS changes were studied in six subjects with drug-resistant epilepsy. Depth EEG activity from the mesiotemporal limbic structures (amygdala, hippocampus, and parahippocampal gyrus) was analyzed. We used an averaging of raw data to obtain ERPs, and an averaging of the amplitude/power envelope (complex demodulation) in five frequency bands: theta, α 1, α 2, beta, and gamma to obtain ERD/ERS. The P3 component of ERP and ERD/ERS in response to target and nontarget stimuli were evaluated. Results: Even though both P3 and ERD/ERS phenomena were observed in all of the investigated mesiotemporal regions, the most pronounced findings were revealed in the hippocampus. A P3 component of ERP was repeatedly observed in the hippocampus after target stimuli. Significant changes in the oscillatory hippocampal activity were found: ERD in the α 1 and α 2 frequency bands. Evident, near-significant changes were observed throughout the hippocampus in the theta band. No apparent ERD/ERS changes in the beta or in the gamma frequency band were seen in our intracerebral data. The distribution of the P3 and ERD/ERS maxima differed slightly in adjacent contacts, but occurred at the same time. Conclusions: The cognitive processing of visual information is simultaneously accompanied by several electrophysiological phenomena. In addition to ERPs, apparent changes in oscillatory activity were detected in the intracerebral recordings from mesiotemporal limbic structures. Timing of both neuronal processes seems to be simultaneous, but differing spatial distribution could reflect the involvement of different networks.

Age does not necessarily influence latency of event-related potentials

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 723-727
Author(s):  
M. Westermann ◽  
I. W. Husstedt ◽  
A. Okegwo ◽  
S. Evers
Keyword(s):  
Normal Values ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Intrinsic Property ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Mean ◽  
P3 Component

SummaryEvent-related potentials (ERP) are regarded as age dependent. However, it is not known whether this is an intrinsic property of ERP or an extrinsic factor. We designed a setting in which ERP were evoked using a modified oddball paradigm with highly differentiable and detectable target and non-target stimuli. A total of 98 probands were enrolled in this study. We evaluated the latency and amplitude of the P3 component of visually evoked ERP. The mean P3 latency was 294 ± 28 ms and was not related to age (r = –0.089; p = 0.382; Spearman-rank-correlation). The P3 amplitude was related to age in the total sample (r = –0.323; p = 0.001; Spearmanrank-correlation) but not in the probands under the age of 60 years. There were no significant differences regarding sex. Our findings suggest that ERP are not age dependent if highly differentiable and detectable stimuli are used. This should be considered when normal values of ERP are created for clinical use.

scholarly journals Suggested visual blockade during hypnosis: Top-down modulation of stimulus processing in a visual oddball task

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257380
Author(s):  
Marcel Franz ◽  
Barbara Schmidt ◽  
Holger Hecht ◽  
Ewald Naumann ◽  
Wolfgang H. R. Miltner
Keyword(s):  
Computing Time ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Frontoparietal Network ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Visual Oddball ◽  
Hypnotic Suggestions

Several theories of hypnosis assume that responses to hypnotic suggestions are implemented through top-down modulations via a frontoparietal network that is involved in monitoring and cognitive control. The current study addressed this issue re-analyzing previously published event-related-potentials (ERP) (N1, P2, and P3b amplitudes) and combined it with source reconstruction and connectivity analysis methods. ERP data were obtained from participants engaged in a visual oddball paradigm composed of target, standard, and distractor stimuli during a hypnosis (HYP) and a control (CON) condition. In both conditions, participants were asked to count the rare targets presented on a video screen. During HYP participants received suggestions that a wooden board in front of their eyes would obstruct their view of the screen. The results showed that participants’ counting accuracy was significantly impaired during HYP compared to CON. ERP components in the N1 and P2 window revealed no amplitude differences between CON and HYP at sensor-level. In contrast, P3b amplitudes in response to target stimuli were significantly reduced during HYP compared to CON. Source analysis of the P3b amplitudes in response to targets indicated that HYP was associated with reduced source activities in occipital and parietal brain areas related to stimulus categorization and attention. We further explored how these brain sources interacted by computing time-frequency effective connectivity between electrodes that best represented frontal, parietal, and occipital sources. This analysis revealed reduced directed information flow from parietal attentional to frontal executive sources during processing of target stimuli. These results provide preliminary evidence that hypnotic suggestions of a visual blockade are associated with a disruption of the coupling within the frontoparietal network implicated in top-down control.

Implicit, Intuitive, and Explicit Knowledge of Abstract Regularities in a Sound Sequence: An Event-related Brain Potential Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 1292-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Titia L. van Zuijen ◽  
Veerle L. Simoens ◽  
Petri Paavilainen ◽  
Risto Näätänen ◽  
Mari Tervaniemi
Keyword(s):  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Implicit Knowledge ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Implicit Processes ◽  
Sound Sequence ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Sound Discrimination ◽  
P3 Component

Implicit knowledge has been proposed to be the substrate of intuition because intuitive judgments resemble implicit processes. We investigated whether the automatically elicited mismatch negativity (MMN) component of the auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) can reflect implicit knowledge and whether this knowledge can be utilized for intuitive sound discrimination. We also determined the sensitivity of the attention-and task-dependent P3 component to intuitive versus explicit knowledge. We recorded the ERPs elicited in an “abstract” oddball paradigm. Tone pairs roving over different frequencies but with a constant ascending inter-pair interval, were presented as frequent standard events. The standards were occasionally replaced by deviating, descending tone pairs. The ERPs were recorded under both ignore and attend conditions. Subjects were interviewed and classified on the basis of whether or not they could datect the deviants. The deviants elicited an MMN even in subjects who subsequent to the MMN recording did not express awareness of the deviants. This suggests that these subjects possessed implicit knowledge of the sound-sequence structure. Some of these subjects learned, in an associative training session, to detect the deviants intuitively, that is, they could detect the deviants but did not give a correct description of how the deviants differed from the standards. Intuitive deviant detection was not accompanied by P3 elicitation whereas subjects who developed explicit knowledge of the sound sequence during the training did show a P3 to the detected deviants.

Neurophysiological correlates of abnormal auditory processing in episodic migraine during the interictal period

Cephalalgia ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 033310242095150
Author(s):  
Adrià Vilà-Balló ◽  
Angela Marti-Marca ◽  
Marta Torres-Ferrús ◽  
Alicia Alpuente ◽  
Victor José Gallardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Phase Synchronization ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Episodic Migraine ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Related Potentials

Background The characteristics of the hypersensitivity to auditory stimuli during the interictal period in episodic migraine are discussed. The combined use of event-related potentials, time-frequency power and phase-synchronization can provide relevant information about the time-course of sensory-attentional processing in migraine and its underlying mechanisms. Objective The aim of this nested case-control study was to examine these processes in young, female, episodic migraine patients interictally and compare them to controls using an active auditory oddball task. Method We recorded, using 20 channels, the electrophysiological brain activity of 21 women with episodic migraine without aura and 21 healthy matched controls without family history of migraine, during a novelty oddball paradigm. We collected sociodemographic and clinical data as well as scores related to disability, quality of life, anxiety and depression. We calculated behavioural measures including reaction times, hit rates and false alarms. Spectral power and phase-synchronization of oscillatory activity as well as event-related potentials were obtained for standard stimuli. For target and novel stimuli, event-related potentials were acquired. Results There were no significant differences at the behavioural level. In migraine patients, we found an increased phase-synchronization at the theta frequency range and a higher N1 response to standard trials. No differences were observed in spectral power. No evidence for a lack of habituation in any of the measures was seen between migraine patients and controls. The Reorienting Negativity was reduced in migraine patients as compared to controls on novel but not on target trials. Conclusion Our findings suggest that migraine patients process stimuli as more salient, seem to allocate more of their attentional resources to their surrounding environment, and have less available resources to reorient attention back to the main task.

scholarly journals Pre-attentive processing of Alzheimer's disease: an event-related potential study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunchan Na ◽  
Kanghee Lee ◽  
Eun Ji Kim ◽  
Jong Bin Bae ◽  
Seung Wan Suh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Oddball Task ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Visual Oddball

Abstract Background: While identifying Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) in its early stages is crucial, traditional neuropsychological tests tend to lack sensitivity and specificity for its diagnosis. Based on the early visual attention deficits of adults with AD, which are apparent before cognitive deficits emerge, this study aimed to investigate visual attentional characteristics of adults with AD, from pre-attentive to attentive processing, using a visual oddball task and event-related potentials (ERPs).Methods: Cognitively normal elderly controls (NC, n=27) and patients with probable AD (AD, n=10) were recruited. Participants performed a three-stimulus visual oddball task and were asked to press a designated button in response to the target stimuli. The amplitudes of 4 ERPs were analyzed. Visual mismatch-negativity (vMMN) was analyzed around the parieto-occipital and temporo-occipital regions. P3a was analyzed around the fronto-central regions, whereas P3b was analyzed around the centro-parietal regions.Results: Late vMMN amplitudes of the AD group were significantly smaller than those of the NC group, while early vMMN amplitudes were comparable. Compared to the NC group, P3a amplitudes of the AD group were significantly smaller for the infrequent deviant stimuli but the amplitudes for the standard stimuli were comparable. Lastly, the AD group had significantly smaller P3b amplitudes than the NC group.Conclusion: Our findings imply that AD patients exhibit pre-attentive visual processing deficits, known to affect later higher-order brain functions. In a clinical setting, the visual oddball paradigm could be used to provide helpful diagnostic information since pre-attentive ERPs can be induced by passive exposure to infrequent stimuli.

EEG Measurement of Emotion Processing in Children with Daytime Urinary Incontinence

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-341
Author(s):  
Justine Niemczyk ◽  
Monika Equit ◽  
Katja Rieck ◽  
Mathias Rubly ◽  
Catharina Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Emotion Processing ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Processing ◽  
Daytime Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Related Potentials

Abstract. Objective: Daytime urinary incontinence (DUI) is common in childhood. The aim of the study was to neurophysiologically analyse the central emotion processing in children with DUI. Method: In 20 children with DUI (mean age 8.1 years, 55 % male) and 20 controls (mean age 9.1 years, 75 % male) visual event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded after presenting emotionally valent (80 neutral, 40 positive, and 40 negative) pictures from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) as an oddball-paradigm. All children received a full organic and psychiatric assessment. Results: Children with DUI did not differ significantly from controls regarding responses to emotional pictures in the frontal, central, and parietal regions and in the time intervals 250–450 ms, 450–650 ms, and 650–850 ms after stimulus onset. The patient group had more psychological symptoms and psychiatric comorbidities than the control group. Conclusions: EEG responses to emotional stimuli are not altered in children with DUI. Central emotion processing does not play a major role in DUI. Further research, including a larger sample size, a more homogeneous patient group (regarding subtype of DUI) or brain imaging techniques, could reveal more about the central processing in DUI.

Investigating the Multimodal Nature of Human Communication

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Paulmann ◽  
Sarah Jessen ◽  
Sonja A. Kotz
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Channel Condition ◽  
Prosodic Cues ◽  
Early Processing ◽  
Related Potentials

The multimodal nature of human communication has been well established. Yet few empirical studies have systematically examined the widely held belief that this form of perception is facilitated in comparison to unimodal or bimodal perception. In the current experiment we first explored the processing of unimodally presented facial expressions. Furthermore, auditory (prosodic and/or lexical-semantic) information was presented together with the visual information to investigate the processing of bimodal (facial and prosodic cues) and multimodal (facial, lexic, and prosodic cues) human communication. Participants engaged in an identity identification task, while event-related potentials (ERPs) were being recorded to examine early processing mechanisms as reflected in the P200 and N300 component. While the former component has repeatedly been linked to physical property stimulus processing, the latter has been linked to more evaluative “meaning-related” processing. A direct relationship between P200 and N300 amplitude and the number of information channels present was found. The multimodal-channel condition elicited the smallest amplitude in the P200 and N300 components, followed by an increased amplitude in each component for the bimodal-channel condition. The largest amplitude was observed for the unimodal condition. These data suggest that multimodal information induces clear facilitation in comparison to unimodal or bimodal information. The advantage of multimodal perception as reflected in the P200 and N300 components may thus reflect one of the mechanisms allowing for fast and accurate information processing in human communication.

scholarly journals Temporal Dynamics of Attention during Encoding versus Maintenance of Working Memory: Complementary Views from Event-related Potentials and Alpha-band Oscillations

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas E. Myers ◽  
Lena Walther ◽  
George Wallis ◽  
Mark G. Stokes ◽  
Anna C. Nobre
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Recall Performance ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Frontoparietal Control Network ◽  
Anticipatory Attention ◽  
Processing Differences

Working memory (WM) is strongly influenced by attention. In visual WM tasks, recall performance can be improved by an attention-guiding cue presented before encoding (precue) or during maintenance (retrocue). Although precues and retrocues recruit a similar frontoparietal control network, the two are likely to exhibit some processing differences, because precues invite anticipation of upcoming information whereas retrocues may guide prioritization, protection, and selection of information already in mind. Here we explored the behavioral and electrophysiological differences between precueing and retrocueing in a new visual WM task designed to permit a direct comparison between cueing conditions. We found marked differences in ERP profiles between the precue and retrocue conditions. In line with precues primarily generating an anticipatory shift of attention toward the location of an upcoming item, we found a robust lateralization in late cue-evoked potentials associated with target anticipation. Retrocues elicited a different pattern of ERPs that was compatible with an early selection mechanism, but not with stimulus anticipation. In contrast to the distinct ERP patterns, alpha-band (8–14 Hz) lateralization was indistinguishable between cue types (reflecting, in both conditions, the location of the cued item). We speculate that, whereas alpha-band lateralization after a precue is likely to enable anticipatory attention, lateralization after a retrocue may instead enable the controlled spatiotopic access to recently encoded visual information.

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