scholarly journals Assessing Perceived Empathic and Social Self-Efficacy Across Countries

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Di Giunta ◽  
Nancy Eisenberg ◽  
Anne Kupfer ◽  
Patrizia Steca ◽  
Carlo Tramontano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Partial Invariance

The Perceived Empathic Self-Efficacy Scale (PESE) and the Perceived Social Self-Efficacy Scale (PSSE) were developed to assess, respectively, individuals’ self-efficacy beliefs regarding both empathic responding to others’ needs or feelings and managing interpersonal relationships. In this study of young adults, a unidimensional factorial structure of both scales was found in Italy, the United States, and Bolivia. Complete invariance at the metric level and partial invariance at the scalar level were found across gender and countries for both scales. The construct and incremental validity of both PESE and PSSE were further examined in a different sample of Italian young adults. Patterns of association of the PESE or PSSE with self-esteem, psychological well-being, and the use of adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies were found, often over and beyond their associations with empathy or extraversion, respectively.

Individualism, Collectivism, and Well-being Among a Sample of Emerging Adults in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 216769682110545
Author(s):  
John B. Nezlek ◽  
Ashley Humphrey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The Us ◽  
Individualism And Collectivism

An increasing body of research suggests that emerging adults living in Western societies are becoming more individualistic and such increases in individualism are associated with reduced well-being. The present study examined relationships between well-being and individualism and collectivism among 1906 emerging adults in the US, aged 18–25. We measured individualism and collectivism distinguishing horizontal and vertical dimensions of these constructs, and we measured well-being in terms of depression, anxiety, self-esteem, interpersonal relationships, and neuroticism. Regression analyses found that individualism was negatively related to well-being, and these relationships varied somewhat between horizontal and vertical individualism. Horizontal collectivism was positively related to all measures of well-being, and vertical collectivism was positively related to three measures. These findings increase our understanding of the roles individualism and collectivism play in the psychological well-being of emerging adults, including the importance of distinguishing horizontal and vertical dimensions of individualism and collectivism.

Adult Attachment, Social Self-Efficacy, Familismo, and Psychological Wellbeing: A Cross-Cultural Comparison

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 922-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Zamudio ◽  
Chiachih DC Wang ◽  
Ling Jin
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
University Students ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Social Self

This cross-cultural study investigated a moderated indirect effect model in which country membership and familismo were hypothesized to moderate the direct and indirect effects of attachment insecurity on well-being variables. A total of 360 Mexican university students from Mexico and 235 Mexican American university students from the United States completed research questionnaires. Results indicated that insecure attachment was associated with depressive symptoms and life satisfaction via an indirect effect of social self-efficacy (SSE) and that the indirect effects of attachment avoidance varied significantly by country membership. Familismo was also found to be a significant moderator for the direct effects of attachment anxiety on life satisfaction. Finally, several significant three-way interactions were found suggesting that the buffering effects of familismo on the direct and indirect paths of insecure attachment on SSE and outcome variables vary significantly by country membership. The limitations and implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Social Confidence in Early Adulthood Among Young People With and Without a History of Language Impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1635-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Durkin ◽  
Umar Toseeb ◽  
Nicola Botting ◽  
Andrew Pickles ◽  
Gina Conti-Ramsden
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Language Ability ◽  
Social Self ◽  
History Of

Purpose The purposes of this study were to test the predictions that lower self-esteem and higher shyness in individuals with a history of language impairment (LI) would continue from adolescence into early adulthood and that those with LI would have lower social self-efficacy in early adulthood. Method Participants were young people with a history of LI and a comparison group of age-matched peers. Both groups were tested at ages 17 and 24 years. Participants completed measures of language ability, nonverbal IQ, shyness, global self-esteem, and (at age 24 years only) social self-efficacy. Results Young adults with LI scored lower than age-matched peers on self-esteem, higher on shyness, and lower on social self-efficacy (medium to large effect sizes). In line with expectations, in the group with LI, language ability in adolescence predicted shyness in young adulthood, which, in turn, was negatively associated with self-esteem. There was also a direct association between language ability in adolescence and self-esteem in young adulthood. Conclusions Young people with a history of LI are likely to be entering adulthood less socially confident than their peers. Interventions may be desirable for young adults with LI, and the present findings indicate social self-efficacy as a key area of social confidence that calls for practitioners' attention.

scholarly journals Depression, anxiety, and loneliness among adolescents and young adults with IBD in the UK: the role of disease severity, age of onset, and embarrassment of the condition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Qualter ◽  
Alison Rouncefield-Swales ◽  
Lucy Bray ◽  
Lucy Blake ◽  
Steven Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Friendship Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Social Self ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Purpose Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) report higher depressive symptoms and anxiety compared to healthy controls, with disease severity and abdominal pain being important factors. In the current study, building on what young people had told us in our previous work, we examined whether embarrassment of the condition, social self-efficacy, and friendship quality mediated the relationship between abdominal pain and disease severity, and mental health/well-being. We also included loneliness as a component of well-being. Methods Data on depression, anxiety, loneliness, friendship quality, social self-efficacy, and disease embarrassment were collected from 130 AYA with IBD ages 14–25 years; data on disease severity and abdominal pain were taken from their medical records. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to test the relationships between the variables. Results Using SEM, we established that higher IBD disease activity negatively impacted how AYA felt about their friendships and how embarrassed they were about their condition; embarrassment then influenced reports of mental health, including loneliness. Abdominal pain, disease onset, and social self-efficacy directly predicted internalising problems. Conclusion In this sample of 14–25-year-old patients with IBD, specifics about the disease (severity and pain) predicted poorer mental health, suggesting discussion of mental health should be part of the clinical dialogue between patient and consultant. In addition, embarrassment about their condition increased depression, anxiety, and loneliness, mediating the relationship between disease severity and well-being. Thus, it is important to consider how perceived stigma affects those with chronic illness, and those issues should be explored in clinic.

The Impact of Televised Stereotypes on the State Self-Esteem of Latino/a Emerging Adults: The Moderating Role of Ethnic–Racial Identity

2020 ◽  
pp. 216769682092130
Author(s):  
Jessie Shafer ◽  
Rocío Rivadeneyra
Keyword(s):  
Racial Identity ◽  
Stereotype Threat ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Social Self ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moderating Role

We investigated how stereotypical portrayals of Latino/a characters on television influence Latino/a emerging adults’ ( N = 136; ages 18–25) state self-esteem (i.e., social, appearance, and performance) while examining the moderating role of ethnic–racial identity (i.e., centrality). Latino/as from across the United States were randomly sorted into one of two conditions (exposure to stereotypes or not) and completed measures of ethnic–racial identity and state self-esteem. When not exposed to stereotypes, participants with higher ethnic–racial identity had higher social self-esteem. However, when exposed to stereotypes, Latino/a participants with higher ethnic–racial identity had significantly lower social self-esteem. This finding matches previous research on the role of social identity in stereotype threat, which found that those who more strongly identified with a stereotyped group were more negatively impacted by stereotypes of that group. However, in situations without stereotypes present, stronger ethnic–racial identity is connected to well-being.

Psychosocial Consequences of Body Weight and Obesity

2018 ◽  
pp. 274-286
Author(s):  
Deborah Carr ◽  
Vera K. Tsenkova
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Integrative Health ◽  
Psychosocial Consequences ◽  
Adults And Children

The body weight of U.S. adults and children has risen markedly over the past three decades. The physical health consequences of obesity are widely documented, and emerging research from the Midlife in the United States study and other large-scale surveys reveals the harmful impact of obesity on adults’ psychosocial and interpersonal well-being. This chapter synthesizes recent research on the psychosocial implications of body weight, with attention to explanatory mechanisms and subgroup differences in these patterns. A brief statistical portrait of body weight is provided, documenting rates and correlates of obesity, with a focus on race, gender, and socioeconomic status disparities. The consequences of body weight for three main outcomes are described: institutional and everyday discrimination, interpersonal relationships, and psychological well-being. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the ways that recent integrative health research on the psychosocial consequences of overweight and obesity inform our understanding of population health.

Translation and Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese Version of the Broad Conceptualization of Beauty Scale With Brazilian Women

2021 ◽  
pp. 036168432110134
Author(s):  
Alessandra Costa Pereira Junqueira ◽  
Tracy L. Tylka ◽  
Sebastião de Sousa Almeida ◽  
Telma Maria Braga Costa ◽  
Maria Fernanda Laus
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Body Appreciation ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Definition Of

In many countries, women are socialized to adopt a narrow definition of beauty. Research has revealed that, in the United States and China, the ability to broadly conceptualize beauty (perceive beauty in diverse body sizes, shapes, and appearances) is linked to women’s lower anti-fat attitudes, higher body appreciation, and higher well-being. In this study, we translated an existing measure of this construct, the Broad Conceptualization of Beauty Scale (BCBS), into Brazilian Portuguese and evaluated the factor structure and reliability and validity of its scores with a diverse sample of 563 Portuguese women. Findings revealed that the Brazilian Portuguese BCBS contains two factors—external/appearance features of beauty (BCBS-E) and internal features of beauty (BCBS-I)—contrary to the unidimensional factor structure found in previous studies. Support for internal consistency and 3-week test–retest reliability was garnered. Total BCBS and BCBS-E scores evidenced convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity, whereas the BCBS-I did not accrue substantial convergent or incremental validity support beyond its inverse bivariate association with anti-fat attitudes. We recommend the use of the Brazilian Portuguese BCBS in body image research programs as well as clinical practice and prevention programs with Brazilian women seeking support for body dissatisfaction and disordered eating.

The marketplace, mental well-being, and me: Exploring self-efficacy, self-esteem, and self-compassion in consumer coping

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 410-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane E. Machin ◽  
Natalie Ross Adkins ◽  
Elizabeth Crosby ◽  
Justine Rapp Farrell ◽  
Ann M. Mirabito
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Mental Well Being
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