Assessing Moral Judgment Maturity Using the Sociomoral Reflection Measure – Short Form Objective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Brugman ◽  
Marinus G. C. J. Beerthuizen ◽  
Petra Helmond ◽  
Karen S. Basinger ◽  
John C. Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Delinquent Behavior ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
Educational Levels

Abstract. The Sociomoral Reflection Measure – Short Form Objective (SRM-SFO) aims to assess the reasoning and valuing components of moral judgment. A new index for measuring moral reasoning is introduced. The first study assessed construct validity by examining the structure and invariance of moral reasoning and moral value evaluation in community adolescents and adults from The Netherlands ( N = 1,583). Factor analyses supported the unidimensionality of both components. Measurement invariance was found across age groups, gender, and educational levels. Convergent validity was supported by positive relationships between moral reasoning and age in males and between moral reasoning and higher educational levels. Divergent validity was supported by the weak relationship of both components with social desirability and their negative relationship with self-centered orientation and self-reported antisocial/delinquent behavior. The second study included incarcerated juvenile delinquents ( N = 246). Measurement invariance was found for both components across delinquency groups. Furthermore, community participants reporting no antisocial/delinquent behavior showed higher levels on both components than community participants reporting antisocial/delinquent behavior and juvenile delinquents. The SRM-SFO provides acceptable to good psychometric properties for assessing the reasoning and valuing components of moral judgment. Its practical benefits support its use in large-scale research from young adolescence onward.

Moral Bioenhancement and the Utilitarian Catastrophe

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICHOLAS AGAR
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Weapons Of Mass Destruction ◽  
Mass Destruction ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
Moral Bioenhancement

Abstract:This article challenges recent calls for moral bioenhancement—the use of biomedical means, including pharmacological and genetic methods, to increase the moral value of our actions or characters. It responds to those who take a practical interest in moral bioenhancement. I argue that moral bioenhancement is unlikely to be a good response to the extinction threats of climate change and weapons of mass destruction. Rather than alleviating those problems, it is likely to aggravate them. We should expect biomedical means to generate piecemeal enhancements of human morality. These predictably strengthen some contributors to moral judgment while leaving others comparatively unaffected. This unbalanced enhancement differs from the manner of improvement that typically results from sustained reflection. It is likely to make its subjects worse rather than better at moral reasoning.

Validation of the Sociomoral Reflection Objective Measure—Short Form

1987 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen S. Basinger ◽  
John C. Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Adolescent Groups ◽  
6Th Graders ◽  
Acceptable Reliability

The Sociomoral Reflection Objective Measure—Short Form—derived from the Sociomoral Reflection Objective Measure, a group-administered recognition measure of Kohlbergian moral reasoning—was psychometrically evaluated for use with 11th graders, juvenile delinquents, and 6th graders. The short form evidenced acceptable reliability and validity for use with 11th graders. Psychometric properties were comparable to those reported for the full scale. Since the short form takes 20 min. less to administer and is quicker to score, the short form was recommended for use with 11th graders in large-scale research. Results for both 6th graders and juvenile delinquents showed that the short form, like the full scale, does not have acceptable reliability and validity for these groups. Reliability and validity of the short form for other adolescent groups must be assessed.

Measurement invariance across educational levels and gender in 12-item Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) on caregivers of people with dementia

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1841-1848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Ying Lin ◽  
Li-Jung Elizabeth Ku ◽  
Amir H. Pakpour
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Factor Loadings ◽  
Zarit Burden Interview ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Fit Index

ABSTRACTBackground:The Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) is a commonly used self-report to assess caregiver burden. A 12-item short form of the ZBI has been developed; however, its measurement invariance has not been examined across some different demographics. It is unclear whether different genders and educational levels of a population interpret the ZBI items similarly. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the measurement invariance of the 12-item ZBI across gender and educational levels in a Taiwanese sample.Methods:Caregivers who had a family member with dementia (n= 270) completed the ZBI through telephone interviews. Three confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models were conducted: Model 1 was the configural model, Model 2 constrained all factor loadings, Model 3 constrained all factor loadings and item intercepts. Multiple group CFAs and the differential item functioning (DIF) contrast under Rasch analyses were used to detect measurement invariance across males (n= 100) and females (n= 170) and across educational levels of junior high schools and below (n= 86) and senior high schools and above (n= 183).Results:The fit index differences between models supported the measurement invariance across gender and across educational levels (∆ comparative fit index (CFI) = −0.010 and 0.003; ∆ root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = −0.006 to 0.004). No substantial DIF contrast was found across gender and educational levels (value = −0.36 to 0.29).Conclusions:The ZBI is appropriate for combined use and for comparisons in caregivers across gender and different educational levels in Taiwan.

Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Stigma of Suicide Scale–Short Form Among Adolescents and Early Adults in Hong Kong

Assessment ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 107319112097685
Author(s):  
Ted C. T. Fong ◽  
Paul S. F. Yip ◽  
Milton Y. H. Chan ◽  
Rainbow T. H. Ho
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Equation Modeling

Suicide is a global public health concern. The Stigma of Suicide Scale–Short Form (SOSS-SF) is a brief measure on the stigma toward suicide. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the SOSS-SF in a sample of 1,946 adolescents and early adults ( M age = 23.3, 69% females) in Hong Kong. The participants completed the SOSS-SF, measures on suicidal ideation and perceived distress, and binary items on lifetime risk behaviors online. Exploratory structural equation modeling evaluated the factor structure and reliability of the SOSS-SF in split samples and its measurement invariance, convergent validity, and discriminant validity in the overall sample. Contrary to a poor fit for the three-factor structure in the original 16-item SOSS-SF, the four-factor model showed a good fit in the revised 12-item version in both subsamples. The four factors (Glorification, Isolation, Disgrace, and Selfishness) loaded significantly on three items each (λ = .52-.93) and had adequate reliability (ω = .78-.88). The SOSS-SF displayed scalar invariance across age group, gender, and suicidal ideation and significant associations with validating variables. These results demonstrate a valid and reliable four-factor structure for the SOSS-SF and support its use for assessment of multifaceted stigma toward suicide.

Variance composition, measurement invariance by gender, and construct validity of the Femininity Ideology Scale-Short Form.

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 708-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald F. Levant ◽  
Kathleen M. Alto ◽  
Daniel K. McKelvey ◽  
Katherine A. Richmond ◽  
Ryon C. McDermott
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Composition Measurement

Development, variance composition, measurement invariance across five gender identity groups, and validity of the Health Behavior Inventory–Short Form.

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-189
Author(s):  
Ronald F. Levant ◽  
Kathleen M. Alto ◽  
Daniel McKelvey ◽  
Seth Pardo ◽  
Stefan Jadaszewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Composition Measurement ◽  
Identity Groups

Translation and Validation of the Thai Version of the Wisconsin Quality of Life Questionnaire (TH WISQoL) for Kidney Stone Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (11) ◽  
pp. 1194-1199
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Outcome Measurement ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Sf 36

Objective: To develop and validate a Thai version of the Wisconsin Quality of Life (TH WISQoL) Questionnaire. Materials and Methods: The authors developed the TH WISQoL Questionnaire based on a standard multi-step process. Subsequently, the authors recruited patients with kidney stone and requested them to complete the TH WISQoL and a validated Thai version of the 36-Item Short Form Survey (TH SF-36). The authors calculated the internal consistency and interdomain correlation of TH WISQoL and compared the convergent validity between the two instruments. Results: Thirty kidney stone patients completed the TH WISQoL and the TH SF-36. The TH WISQoL showed acceptable internal consistency for all domains (Cronbach’s alpha 0.768 to 0.909). Interdomain correlation was high for most domains (r=0.698 to 0.779), except for the correlation between Vitality and Disease domains, which showed a moderate correlation (r=0.575). For convergent validity, TH WISQoL demonstrated a good overall correlation to TH SF-36, (r=0.796, p<0.05). Conclusion: The TH WISQoL is valid and reliable for evaluating the quality of life of Thai patients with kidney stone. A further large-scale multi-center study is warranted to confirm its applicability in Thailand. Keywords: Quality of life, Kidney stone, Validation, Outcome measurement

PENGEMBANGAN SKALA LOCUS OF CONTROL

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-424
Author(s):  
Hendryadi Hendryadi
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Employee Selection ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Two Stages

This article aims to develop a short form of the locus of control scale. The study was conducted in two stages: a study of 66 respondents as pilot testing which aims to test content validity, structure validity, and internal consistency. Study 2 was conducted on 328 respondents used to test the validity and reliability of the scale evaluated by the PLS-SEM method (such as internal consistency, convergent validity, and discriminant validity). The analysis concludes that the 8-item locus of control scales tested have adequate validity and reliability. A short form locus of control scale was developed and validated in this study, so it can be used in future research and evaluation for HR management practitioners in employee selection Keywords: locus of control, EFA, CFA, scale construction

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