What’s Next?

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Vorderer
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Entertainment Products ◽  
Entertainment Theory

This paper points to new developments in the context of entertainment theory. Starting from a background of well-established theories that have been proposed and elaborated mainly by Zillmann and his collaborators since the 1980s, a new two-factor model of entertainment is introduced. This model encompasses “enjoyment” and “appreciation” as two independent factors. In addition, several open questions regarding cultural differences in humans’ responses to entertainment products or the usefulness of various theoretical concepts like “presence,” “identification,” or “transportation” are also discussed. Finally, the question of why media users are seeking entertainment is brought to the forefront, and a possibly relevant need such as the “search for meaningfulness” is mentioned as a possible major candidate for such an explanation.

scholarly journals Cross-Cultural Evaluation of Antonovsky’s Orientation to Life Questionnaire: Comparison Between Australian, Finnish, and Turkish Young Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 731-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Lajunen
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Three Factor ◽  
Single Factor Model

Antonovsky’s concept “sense of coherence” (SOC) and the related measurement instrument “The Orientation to Life Questionnaire” (OLQ) has been widely applied in studies on health and well-being. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the cultural differences in factor structures and psychometric properties as well as mean scores of the 13-item form of Antonovsky’s OLQ among Australian (n = 201), Finnish (n = 203), and Turkish (n = 152) students. Three models of factor structure were studied by using confirmatory factor analysis: single-factor model, first-order correlated-three-factor model, and the second-order three-factor model. Results obtained in all three countries suggest that the first- and second-order three-factor models fitted the data better that the single-factor model. Hence, the OLQ scoring based on comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness scales was supported. Scale reliabilities and inter-correlations were in line with those reported in earlier studies. Two-way analyses of variance (gender × nationality) with age as a covariate showed no cultural differences in SOC scale scores. Women got higher scores on the meaningfulness scale than men, and age was positively related to all SOC scale scores indicating that SOC increases in early adulthood. The results support the three-factor model of OLQ which thus should be used in Australia, Finland, and Turkey instead of a single-factor model. Need for cross-cultural studies taking into account cultural correlates of SOC and its relation to health and well-being indicators as well as studies on gender differences in the OLQ are emphasized.

New developments in the ergodic theory of nonlinear dynamical systems

1994 ◽  
Vol 346 (1679) ◽  
pp. 145-157 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Ergodic Theory ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamical Systems ◽  
Statistical Properties ◽  
Strange Attractors ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamical ◽  
Henon Maps ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Hyperbolic Dynamical Systems

The purpose of this paper is to give a survey of recent results on non-uniformly hyperbolic dynamical systems. The emphasis is on the existence of strange attractors and Sinai-Ruelle-Bowen measures for Henon maps, but we also describe results about statistical properties of such dynamical systems and state some of the open questions in this area.

Sociocultural factors in economics: Milestones and perspectives

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-91
Author(s):  
A. A. Auzan ◽  
A. I. Bakhtigaraeva ◽  
V. A. Bryzgalin ◽  
A. V. Zolotov ◽  
E. N. Nikishina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Sociocultural Research ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Economics Research

The paper analyzes key achievements in sociocultural research of economic development for the last twenty years. Firstly, the paper describes the main approaches in sociocultural studies and key trends in empirical research (including causality issues). Secondly, it poses critical open questions in sociocultural research concerning the relationship between culture and institutions, within-country cultural differences, and culture in dynamics. It demonstrates how the research into culture is connected to the studies of social capital. Finally, the paper formulates the theses of the sociocultural economics research field.

Current Perspectives in the Study of Personality Across Cultures

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Timothy Church
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Life Narratives ◽  
Heritable Variation ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms

A comprehensive conception of personality would incorporate dispositional traits, characteristic adaptations, and life narratives considered within evolutionary and cultural contexts ( McAdams & Pals, 2006 ). In this article, I review evolutionary, cross-cultural, indigenous, and cultural psychology perspectives as they address these different aspects of personality across cultures. Evolutionary psychologists have focused most on evolved human nature (e.g., species-typical psychological mechanisms) and have recently considered evolutionary bases for heritable variation in dispositional traits. Cross-cultural psychologists have primarily addressed the universality of dispositional traits (e.g., the Five Factor Model) and characteristic adaptations (e.g., values, motives, and beliefs). Indigenous psychologists elaborate salient personality constructs for specific cultural groups, raising the question of whether these constructs represent culture-unique traits or culture-relevant expressions of universal dimensions (i.e., characteristic adaptations). Cultural psychologists de-emphasize dispositional traits, propose cultural differences in characteristic adaptations (e.g., conceptions of personality and self) and life narratives, and investigate dynamic constructivist perspectives on culture. After the review, I consider what an integration of these perspectives might look like and offer suggestions for research.

scholarly journals Twenty-five years of ASM1: past, present and future of wastewater treatment modelling

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 697-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. M. Van Loosdrecht ◽  
C. M. Lopez-Vazquez ◽  
S. C. F. Meijer ◽  
C. M. Hooijmans ◽  
D. Brdjanovic
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Urban System ◽  
System Level ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
Activated Sludge Processes ◽  
Activated Sludge Systems ◽  
The Ideal

Activated sludge systems have been applied for 100 years now. Over the course of the years, researchers have developed various models to describe activated sludge processes. The main aim has been to gain a better understanding of the conditions that favour the conversions of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus present in wastewater, and associated oxygen consumption and sludge production. The current paper presents a reflection on the historical developments, state-of-the-art of activated sludge modelling and future trends. Over the years, many wastewater research groups have benefitted greatly from the development of activated sludge models (ASMs). On one hand, modelling has been expanded through the development of novel theoretical concepts and their application in new fields. On the other hand, models have been used for practical projects. Although, scientists are still searching for the ideal model, one can say that ASMs are developed to the extent that they can be applied in practice with confidence. New developments are expected to be seen regarding plant-wide modelling, integration with other models at the (urban) system level, organizational and computational infrastructure, and interface and communication with various stakeholders and users.

scholarly journals The pathophysiology of repetitive concussive traumatic brain injury in experimental models; new developments and open questions

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Brody ◽  
Joseph Benetatos ◽  
Rachel E. Bennett ◽  
Kristen C. Klemenhagen ◽  
Christine L. Mac Donald
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Open Questions

scholarly journals Pengembangan Culture, Self, and Personality Dalam Diri Manusia

Humaniora ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Antonius Atosökhi Gea
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Individual Culture ◽  
Behavior Development

People have different perception about themselves, especially in the case of they are independent or interdependent people in their life. The article discussed the different of self concept related to cultural differences, especially between individual and collective cultures. The different concept on “self” brings a big influence on cognitive development, motivation, and emotion. On the other hand, culture also has impacts on human behavior development, especially those related to locus of control and self esteem. Both individual and collective cultures have some impacts on to what extend a person can be a supervisor towards his own behavior. Locus of control can be available either in internal or external of a person. Collective culture is more supportive in achieving global self esteem, while individual culture more tends to achieve self competence, another aspect of self esteem. Related to the determination of the five-factor model personality that has been acknowledged as the basic of basic human personality, it can be concluded that culture, self, and personality can be built from human internal, combined by some inputs of his environment which play important role to activate those mechanism.

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