Assessment of microbial methane oxidation above a petroleum-contaminated aquifer using a combination of in situ techniques

This paper reviews ten years of research on on-site and in situ bioremediation of chlorophenol contaminated groundwater. Laboratory experiments on the development of a high-rate, fluidized-bed process resulted in a full-scale, pump-and-treat application which has operated for several years. The system operates at ambient groundwater temperature of 7 to 9°C at 2.7 d hydraulic retention time and chlorophenol removal efficiencies of 98.5 to 99.9%. The microbial ecology studies of the contaminated aquifer revealed a diverse chlorophenol-degrading community. In situ biodegradation of chlorophenols is controlled by oxygen availability, only. Laboratory and pilot-scale experiments showed the potential for in situ aquifer bioremediation with iron oxidation and precipitation as a potential problem.

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Fabrication Technologies and Applications of Graphene-based co-polymeric Nano-composites: its challenges and Future works

Nanoscience &Nanotechnology-Asia ◽

10.2174/2210681209666191204111725 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 09 ◽

Author(s):

Pratik Chhapia ◽

Harshad Patel

Keyword(s):

Review Paper ◽

Polymeric Coating ◽

Nano Composites ◽

Future Prospects ◽

Electrical And Optical Properties ◽

In Situ Techniques ◽

Surface Areas ◽

Ink Jet ◽

Enhanced Conductivity

: Graphene based co-polymeric Nano-composites explored and trending in various applications as ascribing to its enhanced conductivity and controlled modification with wide specific surface areas. With the number of advantages of co-polymeric coating on Graphene or Graphene sheets and their derivatives, Graphene based co-polymeric Nano-composites fabricated by various techniques (deposition, ink jet, electro spinning, spin coating, in-situ techniques, etc.) and different conducting co-polymers show its exceptional chemical, mechanical, electrical and optical properties. Therefore, in the today’s world with greater quantities of various properties of co-polymer with Graphene based Nano-composites with enhanced stability, selectivity and sensitivity have been formed. In this review paper, we have particularly focused on recent advancing in fabrication of different technologies with the help of Graphene based co-polymeric Nano-composites and its various trending and future applications. Finally, on the personal standpoint; the key challenges of Graphene based co-polymeric Nano-composites are mentioned in hope to shed a light on their potential future prospects.

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Remediation of PCE-contaminated aquifer by an in situ two-layer biobarrier: laboratory batch and column studies

Water Research ◽

10.1016/s0043-1354(02)00254-3 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 27-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

C.M Kao ◽

S.C Chen ◽

J.Y Wang ◽

Y.L Chen ◽

S.Z Lee

Keyword(s):

Column Studies ◽

Contaminated Aquifer

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Understanding Selectivity in CO2 Hydrogenation to Methanol for MoP Nanoparticle Catalysts Using In Situ Techniques

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal11010143 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 143

Author(s):

Melis S. Duyar ◽

Alessandro Gallo ◽

Samuel K. Regli ◽

Jonathan L. Snider ◽

Joseph A. Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Formation Rate ◽

Methanol Conversion ◽

Transition Metal Catalysts ◽

Colloidal Synthesis ◽

X Ray ◽

In Situ Techniques ◽

Methanol Formation ◽

Diffuse Reflectance Infrared ◽

Formate Intermediate

Molybdenum phosphide (MoP) catalyzes the hydrogenation of CO, CO2, and their mixtures to methanol, and it is investigated as a high-activity catalyst that overcomes deactivation issues (e.g., formate poisoning) faced by conventional transition metal catalysts. MoP as a new catalyst for hydrogenating CO2 to methanol is particularly appealing for the use of CO2 as chemical feedstock. Herein, we use a colloidal synthesis technique that connects the presence of MoP to the formation of methanol from CO2, regardless of the support being used. By conducting a systematic support study, we see that zirconia (ZrO2) has the striking ability to shift the selectivity towards methanol by increasing the rate of methanol conversion by two orders of magnitude compared to other supports, at a CO2 conversion of 1.4% and methanol selectivity of 55.4%. In situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) and in situ X-ray Diffraction (XRD) indicate that under reaction conditions the catalyst is pure MoP in a partially crystalline phase. Results from Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy coupled with Temperature Programmed Surface Reaction (DRIFTS-TPSR) point towards a highly reactive monodentate formate intermediate stabilized by the strong interaction of MoP and ZrO2. This study definitively shows that the presence of a MoP phase leads to methanol formation from CO2, regardless of support and that the formate intermediate on MoP governs methanol formation rate.

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Selected In Situ Hybridization Methods: Principles and Application

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26133874 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (13) ◽

pp. 3874

Author(s):

Dominika Veselinyová ◽

Jana Mašlanková ◽

Katarina Kalinová ◽

Helena Mičková ◽

Mária Mareková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

In Situ Hybridization ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Cell Communication ◽

Probe Design ◽

Rapid Progress ◽

In Situ Techniques ◽

Different Types ◽

Laboratory Procedures ◽

The Individual

We are experiencing rapid progress in all types of imaging techniques used in the detection of various numbers and types of mutation. In situ hybridization (ISH) is the primary technique for the discovery of mutation agents, which are presented in a variety of cells. The ability of DNA to complementary bind is one of the main principles in every method used in ISH. From the first use of in situ techniques, scientists paid attention to the improvement of the probe design and detection, to enhance the fluorescent signal intensity and inhibition of cross-hybrid presence. This article discusses the individual types and modifications, and is focused on explaining the principles and limitations of ISH division on different types of probes. The article describes a design of probes for individual types of in situ hybridization (ISH), as well as the gradual combination of several laboratory procedures to achieve the highest possible sensitivity and to prevent undesirable events accompanying hybridization. The article also informs about applications of the methodology, in practice and in research, to detect cell to cell communication and principles of gene silencing, process of oncogenesis, and many other unknown processes taking place in organisms at the DNA/RNA level.

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Removal of heavy metal from soil and groundwater by in-situ electrokinetic remediation

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2000.0586 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 42 (7-8) ◽

pp. 335-343 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

S. Shiba ◽

S. Hino ◽

Y. Hirata ◽

T. Seno

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Electric Potential ◽

Potential Gradient ◽

Electrokinetic Remediation ◽

Contaminated Aquifer ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Operational Variables ◽

Mass Transport Process

The operational variables of electrokinetic remediation have not been cleared yet, because this method is relatively new and is an innovative technique in the aquifer remediation. In order to investigate the operational variables of the electrokinetic remediation, a mathematical model has been constructed based on the physico chemical mass transport process of heavy metals in pore water of contaminated aquifer. The transport of the heavy metals is driven not only by the hydraulic flow due to the injection of the purge water but also by the electromigration due to the application of the electric potential gradient. The electric potential between anode and cathode is the important operational variable for the electrokinetic remediation. From the numerical simulations with use of this model it is confirmed that the remediation starts from the up stream anode and gradually the heavy metal is transported to the down stream cathode and drawn out through the purge water.

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In situ mercaptosilane-assisted confinement of Pd nanoparticles in Beta for high-efficient methane oxidation

Catalysis Today ◽

10.1016/j.cattod.2021.09.001 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Liling Zhang ◽

Junfei Chen ◽

Haolin Yang ◽

Xiaohan Wang ◽

Zebao Rui

Keyword(s):

Methane Oxidation ◽

Pd Nanoparticles ◽

High Efficient

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Study of redox mechanism of poly(o-aminophenol) using in situ techniques: evidence of two redox processes

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry ◽

10.1016/j.jelechem.2004.10.013 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 576 (1) ◽

pp. 139-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

H.J. Salavagione ◽

J. Arias-Pardilla ◽

J.M. Pérez ◽

J.L. Vázquez ◽

E. Morallón ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Redox Processes ◽

Redox Mechanism ◽

In Situ Techniques

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Coupling In-Situ Techniques to Analyze Zinc Deposition and Dissolution for Energy Storage Applications

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/opl.2012.1734 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1491 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jayme Keist ◽

Christine Orme ◽

Frances Ross ◽

Dan Steingart ◽

Paul Wright ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liquid Electrolyte ◽

Scattering Data ◽

Zinc Deposition ◽

Ionic Liquid Electrolyte ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

In Situ Techniques ◽

X Ray Scattering ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Afm Analysis

ABSTRACTThis investigation describes preliminary results of in-situ analysis of zinc deposition within an ionic liquid electrolyte utilizing electrochemical atomic force microscopy (EC AFM). From the AFM analysis, the morphology of the zinc deposition was analyzed by quantifying the surface roughness using height-height correlation functions. These results will be used to analyze the scattering data obtained from zinc deposition analysis utilizing an electrochemical ultra-small angle x-ray scattering (EC USAXS). The goal of this research is to link the early nucleation and growth behavior to the formation of detrimental morphologies.

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