Fabrication Technologies and Applications of Graphene-based co-polymeric Nano-composites: its challenges and Future works

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratik Chhapia ◽  
Harshad Patel
Keyword(s):  
Review Paper ◽  
Polymeric Coating ◽  
Nano Composites ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Electrical And Optical Properties ◽  
In Situ Techniques ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Ink Jet ◽  
Enhanced Conductivity

: Graphene based co-polymeric Nano-composites explored and trending in various applications as ascribing to its enhanced conductivity and controlled modification with wide specific surface areas. With the number of advantages of co-polymeric coating on Graphene or Graphene sheets and their derivatives, Graphene based co-polymeric Nano-composites fabricated by various techniques (deposition, ink jet, electro spinning, spin coating, in-situ techniques, etc.) and different conducting co-polymers show its exceptional chemical, mechanical, electrical and optical properties. Therefore, in the today’s world with greater quantities of various properties of co-polymer with Graphene based Nano-composites with enhanced stability, selectivity and sensitivity have been formed. In this review paper, we have particularly focused on recent advancing in fabrication of different technologies with the help of Graphene based co-polymeric Nano-composites and its various trending and future applications. Finally, on the personal standpoint; the key challenges of Graphene based co-polymeric Nano-composites are mentioned in hope to shed a light on their potential future prospects.

scholarly journals In Situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Studies of Nanoscale Electrocatalysts

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maoyu Wang ◽  
Líney Árnadóttir ◽  
Zhichuan J. Xu ◽  
Zhenxing Feng
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Situ Techniques ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
X Ray Absorption

Abstract Nanoscale electrocatalysts have exhibited promising activity and stability, improving the kinetics of numerous electrochemical reactions in renewable energy systems such as electrolyzers, fuel cells, and metal-air batteries. Due to the size effect, nano particles with extreme small size have high surface areas, complicated morphology, and various surface terminations, which make them different from their bulk phases and often undergo restructuring during the reactions. These restructured materials are hard to probe by conventional ex-situ characterizations, thus leaving the true reaction centers and/or active sites difficult to determine. Nowadays, in situ techniques, particularly X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), have become an important tool to obtain oxidation states, electronic structure, and local bonding environments, which are critical to investigate the electrocatalysts under real reaction conditions. In this review, we go over the basic principles of XAS and highlight recent applications of in situ XAS in studies of nanoscale electrocatalysts.

In situ REM imaging of surface processes on ceramic bulk crystals from 300 to 1670 K in a conventional TEM

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 660-661
Author(s):  
Z. L. Wang ◽  
J. Bentley
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Atomic Processes ◽  
Crystal Surfaces ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Reflection Electron Microscopy ◽  
Gas Reactions

Studying the behavior of surfaces at high temperatures is of great importance for understanding the properties of ceramics and associated surface-gas reactions. Atomic processes occurring on bulk crystal surfaces at high temperatures can be recorded by reflection electron microscopy (REM) in a conventional transmission electron microscope (TEM) with relatively high resolution, because REM is especially sensitive to atomic-height steps.Improved REM image resolution with a FEG: Cleaved surfaces of a-alumina (012) exhibit atomic flatness with steps of height about 5 Å, determined by reference to a screw (or near screw) dislocation with a presumed Burgers vector of b = (1/3)<012> (see Fig. 1). Steps of heights less than about 0.8 Å can be clearly resolved only with a field emission gun (FEG) (Fig. 2). The small steps are formed by the surface oscillating between the closely packed O and Al stacking layers. The bands of dark contrast (Fig. 2b) are the result of beam radiation damage to surface areas initially terminated with O ions.

scholarly journals Understanding Selectivity in CO2 Hydrogenation to Methanol for MoP Nanoparticle Catalysts Using In Situ Techniques

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Melis S. Duyar ◽  
Alessandro Gallo ◽  
Samuel K. Regli ◽  
Jonathan L. Snider ◽  
Joseph A. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formation Rate ◽  
Methanol Conversion ◽  
Transition Metal Catalysts ◽  
Colloidal Synthesis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Situ Techniques ◽  
Methanol Formation ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Infrared ◽  
Formate Intermediate

Molybdenum phosphide (MoP) catalyzes the hydrogenation of CO, CO2, and their mixtures to methanol, and it is investigated as a high-activity catalyst that overcomes deactivation issues (e.g., formate poisoning) faced by conventional transition metal catalysts. MoP as a new catalyst for hydrogenating CO2 to methanol is particularly appealing for the use of CO2 as chemical feedstock. Herein, we use a colloidal synthesis technique that connects the presence of MoP to the formation of methanol from CO2, regardless of the support being used. By conducting a systematic support study, we see that zirconia (ZrO2) has the striking ability to shift the selectivity towards methanol by increasing the rate of methanol conversion by two orders of magnitude compared to other supports, at a CO2 conversion of 1.4% and methanol selectivity of 55.4%. In situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) and in situ X-ray Diffraction (XRD) indicate that under reaction conditions the catalyst is pure MoP in a partially crystalline phase. Results from Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy coupled with Temperature Programmed Surface Reaction (DRIFTS-TPSR) point towards a highly reactive monodentate formate intermediate stabilized by the strong interaction of MoP and ZrO2. This study definitively shows that the presence of a MoP phase leads to methanol formation from CO2, regardless of support and that the formate intermediate on MoP governs methanol formation rate.

scholarly journals Selected In Situ Hybridization Methods: Principles and Application

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3874
Author(s):  
Dominika Veselinyová ◽  
Jana Mašlanková ◽  
Katarina Kalinová ◽  
Helena Mičková ◽  
Mária Mareková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Probe Design ◽  
Rapid Progress ◽  
In Situ Techniques ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Laboratory Procedures ◽  
The Individual

We are experiencing rapid progress in all types of imaging techniques used in the detection of various numbers and types of mutation. In situ hybridization (ISH) is the primary technique for the discovery of mutation agents, which are presented in a variety of cells. The ability of DNA to complementary bind is one of the main principles in every method used in ISH. From the first use of in situ techniques, scientists paid attention to the improvement of the probe design and detection, to enhance the fluorescent signal intensity and inhibition of cross-hybrid presence. This article discusses the individual types and modifications, and is focused on explaining the principles and limitations of ISH division on different types of probes. The article describes a design of probes for individual types of in situ hybridization (ISH), as well as the gradual combination of several laboratory procedures to achieve the highest possible sensitivity and to prevent undesirable events accompanying hybridization. The article also informs about applications of the methodology, in practice and in research, to detect cell to cell communication and principles of gene silencing, process of oncogenesis, and many other unknown processes taking place in organisms at the DNA/RNA level.

scholarly journals Study of redox mechanism of poly(o-aminophenol) using in situ techniques: evidence of two redox processes

2005 ◽  
Vol 576 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.J. Salavagione ◽  
J. Arias-Pardilla ◽  
J.M. Pérez ◽  
J.L. Vázquez ◽  
E. Morallón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Redox Processes ◽  
Redox Mechanism ◽  
In Situ Techniques

Coupling In-Situ Techniques to Analyze Zinc Deposition and Dissolution for Energy Storage Applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayme Keist ◽  
Christine Orme ◽  
Frances Ross ◽  
Dan Steingart ◽  
Paul Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
Zinc Deposition ◽  
Ionic Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
In Situ Techniques ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Afm Analysis

ABSTRACTThis investigation describes preliminary results of in-situ analysis of zinc deposition within an ionic liquid electrolyte utilizing electrochemical atomic force microscopy (EC AFM). From the AFM analysis, the morphology of the zinc deposition was analyzed by quantifying the surface roughness using height-height correlation functions. These results will be used to analyze the scattering data obtained from zinc deposition analysis utilizing an electrochemical ultra-small angle x-ray scattering (EC USAXS). The goal of this research is to link the early nucleation and growth behavior to the formation of detrimental morphologies.

scholarly journals Improved Understanding of Material Behavior using Correlative In-situ Techniques

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (S1) ◽  
pp. 792-793
Author(s):  
Megan J. Cordill ◽  
Josef Kreith ◽  
Marcel Winhold ◽  
Michael Leitner ◽  
Christian H. Schwalb
Keyword(s):  
Material Behavior ◽  
In Situ Techniques
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