On the relationship between the greenhouse effect, atmospheric photochemistry, and species distribution

1983 ◽  
Vol 88 (C2) ◽  
pp. 1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linwood B. Callis ◽  
Murali Natarajan ◽  
Robert E. Boughner
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Atmospheric Photochemistry ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Evaluating ecological uniqueness over broad spatial extents using species distribution modelling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Dansereau ◽  
Pierre Legendre ◽  
Timothée Poisot
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Species Distribution Modelling ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Science Data ◽  
Distribution Modelling ◽  
Ecological Uniqueness ◽  
The Relationship

Aim: Local contributions to beta diversity (LCBD) can be used to identify sites with high ecological uniqueness and exceptional species composition within a region of interest. Yet, these indices are typically used on local or regional scales with relatively few sites, as they require information on complete community compositions difficult to acquire on larger scales. Here, we investigate how LCBD indices can be used to predict ecological uniqueness over broad spatial extents using species distribution modelling and citizen science data. Location: North America. Time period: 2000s. Major taxa studied: Parulidae. Methods: We used Bayesian additive regression trees (BARTs) to predict warbler species distributions in North America based on observations recorded in the eBird database. We then calculated LCBD indices for observed and predicted data and examined the site-wise difference using direct comparison, a spatial autocorrelation test, and generalized linear regression. We also investigated the relationship between LCBD values and species richness in different regions and at various spatial extents and the effect of the proportion of rare species on the relationship. Results: Our results showed that the relationship between richness and LCBD values varies according to the region and the spatial extent at which it is applied. It is also affected by the proportion of rare species in the community. Species distribution models provided highly correlated estimates with observed data, although spatially autocorrelated. Main conclusions: Sites identified as unique over broad spatial extents may vary according to the regional richness, total extent size, and the proportion of rare species. Species distribution modelling can be used to predict ecological uniqueness over broad spatial extents, which could help identify beta diversity hotspots and important targets for conservation purposes in unsampled locations.

scholarly journals Study on the inverted N relation and the greenhouse effect impact mechanism between Foreign Direct Investment and carbon emissions

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5 Part A) ◽  
pp. 2775-2782
Author(s):  
Chongmei Wang ◽  
Chu Jiayu ◽  
Chonghong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Scale Effect ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Impact Mechanism ◽  
The Relationship

The greenhouse effect was focused by more learners with the global warming. It has become a very serious issue the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and carbon emissions in the process of sustainable economic development in Shandong. This paper studied the relationship trend in middle of FDI, carbon emissions, and greenhouse effect impact mechanism in Shandong Province based on the data from 2000 to 2016 in Shandong Province by simultaneous equation model from qualitative and quantitative analysis. There is an inverted environmental Kuznets curve correlation between FDI and carbon emissions. The mechanism of FDI?s impact on Shandong?s ecological environment in three aspects: scale effect, structure effect, and technology effect. The results show that FDI has negative scale effect, structure effect and positive technology effect on carbon emissions in Shandong Province, and the overall effect is negative. Accordingly, taking the transformation of new and old kinetic energy in Shandong Province as the goal, this paper puts forward the optimization strategy, provides policy suggestions for the government in the implementation of the transformation of new and old kinetic energy, in order to better promote economic development, industrial restructuring and upgrading, and realize the construction of regional ecological civilization.

scholarly journals Filling a gap in Andean Cat Leopardus jacobita (Cornalia, 1865) (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) distribution range: new record in La Rioja province, Argentina

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 15276-15278
Author(s):  
Cintia Gisele Tellaeche ◽  
María de las Mercedes Guerisoli ◽  
Constanza Napolitano ◽  
Dante Luis Di Nucci ◽  
Juan Ignacio Reppucci
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
New Record ◽  
Distribution Range ◽  
Evolutionarily Significant Units ◽  
La Rioja ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Large Distribution

A pelt of an Andean Cat specimen was discovered in La Rioja Province, Argentina, a region with no previous data recorded, located in a large distribution gap between the two currently identified evolutionarily significant units (ESU).  This new record not only improves our knowledge about the species distribution but can also provide relevant genetic information for a better understanding of the relationship between the two ESU.

History of the greenhouse effect

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D.H. Jones ◽  
A. Henderson-Sellers
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Atmospheric Sciences ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Oceanic Response ◽  
New Directions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
The Relationship

The greenhouse effect is now commonly accepted by the scientific community, politicians and the general public. However, the misnomer 'greenhouse effect' has perpetuated, and there are a number of aspects of the effect which are poorly understood outside the atmospheric sciences. On such misconception is that greenhouse research is a recent phenomenon; another is that glasshouses are warmed by the same mechanism as lies at the heart of the greenhouse effect. This review traces the theory as far back as 1827, highlighting new directions and significant advances over that time. Four main themes can be discerned: 1) certain radiatively active gases are responsible for warming the planet ; 2) that humans can inadvertently influence this warming; 3) climate models are designed to permit prediction of the climatic changes in the atmospheric loadings of these gases but that they have not yet achieved this goal of prediction; and 4) many scenarios of changes, and especially of impact, are premised on relatively weak analysis. This latter point is illustrated by an examination of the relationship between increasing temperature and sea level change (the oceanic response to atmospheric warming). Current research suggests that sea-level rise is not likely to be as high as had previously been anticipated.

scholarly journals Occupancy and detection of Wavyrayed Lampmussel Lampsilis fasciola in Ontario, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl A. Lamothe ◽  
Kelly A. McNichols-O'Rourke ◽  
Todd J. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Species Detection ◽  
Occupancy Probability ◽  
Occupancy Detection ◽  
Substrate Size ◽  
Thames River ◽  
The Relationship

Freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) are the most imperilled taxon in Canada. To facilitate species recovery efforts, an understanding of species distribution and habitat that supports species persistence is needed. Detecting mussels presents unique challenges, however, requiring considerable effort due to their complex life-histories and widespread declines. Here, observations of the imperilled Wavyrayed Lampmussel (Lampsilis fasciola Rafinesque 1820) from the Grand and Thames rivers, Ontario, Canada were used to quantify species detection and occupancy probabilities, and the relationship between occupancy probability and substrate size. The best model for the data included a river-specific covariate for detection and an intercept model for occupancy. Detection probability of Wavyrayed Lampmussel was higher in the Grand River than the Thames River. Limited variation in substrate size measurements restricted occupancy modeling, but field measurements qualitatively aligned with previous habitat descriptions. Overall, knowledge of species detection and occupancy probabilities for Wavyrayed Lampmussel will not only enhance the understanding of species distribution and habitat associations, but also ensure that the response of the species to threats and recovery actions are captured.

scholarly journals Species-environment relationship in the herb-subshrub layer of a moist Savanna site, Federal District, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
CBR. Munhoz ◽  
JM. Felfili ◽  
C. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Moisture Variation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Textural Analyses ◽  
Soil Moisture Variation

The soils are seasonally or permanently saturated in the moist grassland savanna, locally known as Campo Limpo Úmido. Soil moisture variation seems to determine spatial distribution of communities. The objective of this study is to analyse the relationship between environmental variables and the patterns of spatial distribution of species in the herbaceous-subshrub layer of an area of moist grassland at the Água Limpa Farm, Brasília, DF (15° 56’ to 15° 59’ S and 47° 55’ to 47° 58’ W Gr.). An area of 400 x 400 m was divided into four sections of 200 x 200 m where four transects were randomly sampled. A line intercept method was adopted for the phytossociological study. Superficial soils samples (0-20 cm) were collected for chemical and textural analyses. Gravimetric soil moisture was measured quarterly during the study-year. A total of 85 species in 67 genera and 24 families were found. The diversity was high, Shannon’s index, H’, was 2.60 nats.cover-1. Floristic composition of the transects in soils with a high gravimetric soil moisture and high content of organic matter and sand differed from those transects in soils with a lower gravimetric soil moisture indicating seasonal variation. A Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) showed significant correlations between soil texture and soil moisture features and species distribution. Gravimetric soil moisture, organic matter, clay, silt and sand were significantly correlated to species distribution in the moist grassland determining mosaics in the vegetation.

scholarly journals The relationship between plankton, capelin, and cod under different temperature conditions

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 1281-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.L. Orlova ◽  
V.D. Boitsov ◽  
A.V. Dolgov ◽  
G.B. Rudneva ◽  
V.N. Nesterova
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
Calanus Finmarchicus ◽  
Feeding Intensity ◽  
Sea Temperature ◽  
Northern Areas ◽  
Calanus Glacialis ◽  
Reproductive Processes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Prey Overlap

Abstract On the basis of data from cold (1982 and 1987) and warm summers (1983, 1984, 1990, and 1992), we explore the relationship between the phytoplankton bloom and the timing and intensity of the zooplankton bloom. In warm years, there is more overlap in the time between the zooplankton and the phytoplankton bloom. In northern areas (76–78°N) with seasonal ice, the phytoplankton bloom and reproductive processes in Calanus finmarchicus and Calanus glacialis continue well into August, evidenced by the presence of an abundance of nauplii and younger copepodites. We analyse feeding intensity of capelin and its distribution relative to food availability and capelin abundance. The extent to which feeding areas of cod and capelin, its major prey, overlap is subject to the abundance of these species, distribution of zooplankton, and sea temperature in a given year.

Multiscale factors control community and species distribution in mountain peatlands

Botany ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 689-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna M. Lemly ◽  
David J. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Hierarchical Agglomerative Cluster ◽  
Geothermal Activity ◽  
Distinct Category ◽  
Control Community ◽  
Partial Canonical Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Variation Explained ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mountain Peatlands

We studied the vegetation of 166 fens in Yellowstone National Park, USA, to determine the relationship between species distribution in mountain peatlands and regional-, landscape-, and local-scale environmental variables. Plant communities were identified through hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis, patterns in species distribution were explored using nonmetric multidimensional scaling, and the relative importance of variables was assessed though partial canonical correspondence analysis. Five major bedrock types influenced groundwater feeding fens: three volcanic types, a glacial till complex, and rock altered by acidic geothermal activity. Ionic concentrations generally increased with pH, but acidic geothermal fens had very low pH and high electrical conductivity. Bryophyte distribution was controlled by groundwater chemistry, while vascular plants responded to a broader range of variables. When partitioned by spatial scale, landscape variables accounted for >60% of the variation explained. When partitioned categorically, geochemical and topographic variables were more important than geographic factors. For fens in mountainous regions, the primary gradient is site-level water chemistry, which is strongly linked to regional bedrock geology. Site- and stand-level topography represent a secondary gradient. Most mountain fens fit within the established poor–rich gradient; however, geochemical acid production creates a distinct category outside the conventional paradigm.

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