Addressing Physical and Emotional Needs in Children

ObjectivesYoung people who have been removed from their family home and placed in care have often experienced maltreatment and there is well-developed evidence of poor psychological outcomes. Once in care, foster carers often become the adult who provides day-to-day support, yet we know little about how they provide this support or the challenges to and facilitators of promoting better quality carer–child relationships. The aim of this study was to understand how carers support the emotional needs of the young people in their care and their views on barriers and opportunities for support.Design and participantsParticipants were 21 UK foster carers, recruited from a local authority in England. They were predominantly female (86%), aged 42–65 years old and ranged from those who were relatively new to the profession (<12 months’ experience) to those with over 30 years of experience as a carer. We ran three qualitative focus groups to gather in-depth information about their views on supporting their foster children’s emotional well-being. Participants also completed short questionnaires about their training experiences and sense of competence.ResultsOnly half of the sample strongly endorsed feeling competent in managing the emotional needs of their foster children. While all had completed extensive training, especially on attachment, diagnosis-specific training for mental health problems (eg, trauma-related distress, depression) was less common. Thematic analysis showed consistent themes around the significant barriers carers faced navigating social care and mental health systems, and mixed views around the best way to support young people, particularly those with complex mental health needs and in relation to reminders of their early experiences.ConclusionsFindings have important implications for practice and policy around carer training and support, as well as for how services support the mental health needs of young people in care.

Download Full-text

Towards a Reformulated Theory Underlying Schema Therapy: Position Paper of an International Workgroup

Cognitive Therapy and Research ◽

10.1007/s10608-021-10209-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Arnoud Arntz ◽

Marleen Rijkeboer ◽

Edward Chan ◽

Eva Fassbinder ◽

Alp Karaosmanoglu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Cultural ◽

Early Maladaptive Schemas ◽

Schema Therapy ◽

Emotional Needs ◽

Ways Of Coping ◽

Schema Modes ◽

The World ◽

And Coping ◽

And Inversion ◽

Further Development

Abstract Background A central construct in Schema Therapy (ST) is that of a schema mode, describing the current emotional-cognitive-behavioral state. Initially, 10 modes were described. Over time, with the world-wide increasing and broader application of ST to various disorders, additional schema modes were identified, mainly based on clinical impressions. Thus, the need for a new, theoretically based, cross-cultural taxonomy of modes emerged. Methods An international workgroup started from scratch to identify an extensive taxonomy of modes, based on (a) extending the theory underlying ST with new insights on needs, and (b) recent research on ST theory supporting that modes represent combinations of activated schemas and coping. Results We propose to add two emotional needs to the original five core needs that theoretically underpin the development of early maladaptive schemas (EMSs), i.e., the need for Self-Coherence, and the need for Fairness, leading to three new EMSs, i.e. Lack of a Coherent Identity, Lack of a Meaningful World, and Unfairness. When rethinking the purpose behind the different ways of coping with EMS-activation, we came up with new labels for two of those: Resignation instead of Surrender, and Inversion instead of Overcompensation. By systematically combining EMSs and ways of coping we derived a set of schema modes that can be empirically tested. Conclusions With this project, we hope to contribute to the further development of ST and its application across the world.

Download Full-text

Surviving Burn Injury: Drivers of Length of Hospital Stay

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18020761 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 761

Author(s):

Chimdimma Noelyn Onah ◽

Richard Allmendinger ◽

Julia Handl ◽

Ken W. Dunn

Keyword(s):

Mental Status ◽

Burn Injury ◽

Length Of Hospital Stay ◽

Care Plan ◽

Burn Patients ◽

Emotional Needs ◽

Effective Care ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Unitary Model ◽

Hospital Resources

With a reduction in the mortality rate of burn patients, length of stay (LOS) has been increasingly adopted as an outcome measure. Some studies have attempted to identify factors that explain a burn patient’s LOS. However, few have investigated the association between LOS and a patient’s mental and socioeconomic status. There is anecdotal evidence for links between these factors; uncovering these will aid in better addressing the specific physical and emotional needs of burn patients and facilitate the planning of scarce hospital resources. Here, we employ machine learning (clustering) and statistical models (regression) to investigate whether segmentation by socioeconomic/mental status can improve the performance and interpretability of an upstream predictive model, relative to a unitary model. Although we found no significant difference in the unitary model’s performance and the segment-specific models, the interpretation of the segment-specific models reveals a reduced impact of burn severity in LOS prediction with increasing adverse socioeconomic and mental status. Furthermore, the socioeconomic segments’ models highlight an increased influence of living circumstances and source of injury on LOS. These findings suggest that in addition to ensuring that patients’ physical needs are met, management of their mental status is crucial for delivering an effective care plan.

Download Full-text

Give Yourself Permission to Rest

Genealogy ◽

10.3390/genealogy5010017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 17

Author(s):

Kareema J. Gray ◽

Latoya B. Brooks

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Black Women ◽

Historically Black ◽

Self Care ◽

Women Faculty ◽

Women In Higher Education ◽

Emotional Needs ◽

Social Unrest ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

Black Women Faculty

Black women in higher education have always been under pressure to prove that they belong in their positions, and often have taken on more work to prove this. The events of 2020—the COVID-19 global pandemic and the racial and social unrest that swept through the country increased this pressure on Black women in higher education. Historically, Black women have taken on the roles of mother, professional, and caretaker of all who were around them. The events of 2020 added to those roles for Black women faculty, working from home, homeschooling online, checking on the welfare of students, and addressing the emotional needs of their families who have been stuck indoors for months. Self-care is more important now more than before for Black women faculty. To employ these self-care strategies, Black women faculty must first give themselves permission to need them.

Download Full-text

Perceptions and Attitudes towards Mules in a Group of Sodiers

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11041009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1009

Author(s):

Javiera Lagos ◽

Manuel Rojas ◽

Joao B. Rodrigues ◽

Tamara Tadich

Keyword(s):

Text Mining ◽

Pain Perception ◽

Health Needs ◽

Emotional Needs ◽

Mountainous Areas ◽

Working Capacity ◽

Perceptions And Attitudes ◽

Wide Range ◽

Positive Correlations ◽

Word Attention

Mules are essential for pack work in mountainous areas, but there is a lack of research on this species. This study intends to assess the perceptions, attitudes, empathy and pain perception of soldiers about mules, to understand the type of human–mule relationship. For this, a survey was applied with closed-ended questions where the empathy and pain perception tools were included and later analyzed through correlations. Open-ended questions were analyzed through text mining. A total of 73 soldiers were surveyed. They had a wide range of ages and years of experience working with equids. Significant positive correlations were found between human empathy, animal empathy and pain perception. Soldiers show a preference for working with mules over donkeys and horses. Text mining analysis shows three clusters associated with the mules’ nutritional, environmental and health needs. In the same line, relevant relations were found for the word “attention” with “load”, “food”, and “harness”. When asked what mules signify for them, two clusters were found, associated with mules’ working capacity and their role in the army. Relevant relations were found between the terms “mountain”, “support”, and “logistics”, and also between “intelligent” and “noble”. To secure mules’ behavioral and emotional needs, future training strategies should include behavior and welfare concepts.

Download Full-text

Understanding the spiritual and emotional needs of siblings of children who have a rare disease through the lens of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

International Journal of Children s Spirituality ◽

10.1080/1364436x.2021.1919061 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Sally Nash ◽

Paul Nash ◽

Laura Bryson ◽

Susannah Gray

Keyword(s):

Rare Disease ◽

Hierarchy Of Needs ◽

Emotional Needs ◽

Maslow's Hierarchy Of Needs ◽

Maslow’S Hierarchy Of Needs

Download Full-text

Capitalizing on Cultural Assets: Community Cultural Wealth and Immigrant-Origin Students

Professional School Counseling ◽

10.1177/2156759x20973651 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 2156759X2097365

Author(s):

Lucy L. Purgason ◽

Robyn Honer ◽

Ian Gaul

Keyword(s):

School Counseling ◽

School Counselors ◽

Culturally Responsive ◽

The United States ◽

Community Cultural Wealth ◽

Emotional Needs ◽

Social Emotional ◽

Future Directions ◽

Cultural Wealth ◽

College And Career

Nearly one of four students enrolled in public school in the United States is of immigrant origin. School counselors are poised to support immigrant-origin students with academic, college and career, and social/emotional needs. This article introduces how community cultural wealth (CCW), a social capital concept focusing on the strengths of immigrant-origin students, brings a culturally responsive lens to multitiered system of supports interventions identified in the school counseling literature. We present case studies highlighting the implementation of CCW and discuss implications and future directions for school counseling practice.

Download Full-text