Inserting human factors considerations earlier in the weapon systems acquisition process

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
George S. Council
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Acquisition Process ◽  
Weapon Systems

Human Factors Engineering Planning Aid

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-352
Author(s):  
Stephen C. Merriman
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Planning Time ◽  
Acquisition Process ◽  
Engineering Program ◽  
System Acquisition ◽  
The Military ◽  
Made In

This paper describes the application of affordable program management software to the task of planning human factors programs conducted in support of complex system developments. A model of the military system acquisition process was developed and a model human factors engineering program was overlayed upon it. Interdependencies were created between the models so that changes made in the acquisition schedule would cause the human factors program to be automatically tailored. This approach has potential to reduce planning time and increase the quality of human factors plans.

Cockpit Automation Technology

1984 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 487-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Aretz
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
United States Air Force ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Weapon Systems ◽  
System Requirements ◽  
Automation Technology ◽  
Baseline Approach

This paper presents a prototype methodology conceived by the United States Air Force to establish a baseline approach in the development of a new human factors crew station design methodology for emerging weapon systems. The goal of the project is to develop a structured human factors design methodology that can be used by designers to assess emerging technologies and relate them to system requirements and human performance characteristics so that the features of the resulting designs satisfy specific operational mission objectives.

Manprint Applications for Design of Advanced Armored Weapon Systems

1986 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 753-757
Author(s):  
Thomas B. Malone ◽  
Christopher C. Heasly ◽  
Lewis E. Waldeisen ◽  
Timothy J. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Weapon Systems ◽  
Operator Performance ◽  
Military Vehicles ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Advanced Control ◽  
Military Systems ◽  
And Control

As military systems become more advanced, more capable, and more sophisticated, they often become more complex. Of primary concern to the human factors specialist is the development of advanced control and display concepts, and application of reasonable tradeoff studies which will guide, if not drive the assessment of these concepts. Similarly, when confronted with conflicting standards and specifications, the human factors engineer must be able to effectively reconcile these discrepancies. Generally the issues pit system constraints (i.e., complexity and development and/or life cycle costs) against operator performance requirements or criteria. The principal objective of this paper is to identify and detail human factors issues requiring consideration when developing command and control concepts for advanced armored military vehicles within the Army's MANPRINT initiative. This paper draws on the authors' experience and expertise in the design and development of armored vehicles to point out the tradeoff considerations and processes necessary in designing complex military systems.

Human Factors Engineering Technology Integration into the Naval Ship Acquisition Process: Designing for Operability

1978 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-207
Author(s):  
Thomas B. Malone ◽  
David Eike ◽  
Cliff Baker ◽  
Phillip J. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Ship Design ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Engineering Technology ◽  
Acquisition Process ◽  
Preliminary Model ◽  
Naval Ship ◽  
Navy Personnel ◽  
Subordinate Role

Traditionally, Naval ship design programs have placed Human Factors Engineering (HFE) in a subordinate role to ship manning, a process primarily concerned with determining the ship's complement. As a result, HFE inputs to ship design documentation are often scattered, uncoordinated and lacking in fundamental standardization. The Naval Sea Systems Command has recently initiated an effort to correct these problems through a program designed to integrate HFE technologies into the ship planning and acquisition process. One of the primary objectives of this project is the development of an HFE Design Guide to assist Navy personnel in applying HFE technologies early in the design phase of the ship acquisition process. The paper describes the current status and philosophy of this program, and evaluates an attempt to apply a preliminary model of the Guide to Naval recovery systems presently in the development stages: the Mark-14 Arresting Gear System and the Beartrap Recovery Assist, Secure and Traverse System.

Human Factors Engineering Technology Integration into the Naval Ship Acquisition Process

1977 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 528-531
Author(s):  
Thomas B. Malone ◽  
Phillip J. Andrews ◽  
Warren Lewis ◽  
James McGuinness
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Training Design ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Acquisition Process ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Test And Evaluation ◽  
Surface Ship ◽  
Machine Systems

A Navy surface ship represents one of the most complex man-machine systems in existence today. Performance capabilities of personnel required in the propulsion systems, weapon systems, command-control systems, operations systems, supply systems and auxiliary systems should demand that human factors engineering (HFE) receive primary consideration in the design of ships. And yet there is no formal HFE program for ship acquisition. HFE responsibilities are not integrated with each other or with ship systems engineering efforts. There is little or no standardization of HFE methods and data beyond that provided in the design work study approach. Finally, HFE has no formal status within the ship acquisition process. The Navy Sea Systems Command recently moved to correct these problems in implementation of HFE for ships. A ship HFE technology program has been established which has as its primary objectives the integration of available applicable HFE techniques, methods, principles and data into the ship acquisition process. The effort to integrate HFE technology into the ship acquisition process began with a definition of the process itself, with emphasis on the specific events and milestones within the process. The next step entailed identification of HFE requirements appropriate for each event. HFE requirements were described in terms of activities to be completed and products to be provided to the ship design effort. HFE requirements were developed for five major functional areas: manning and training, design for operability, design for maintainability, design for habitability, and test and evaluation. After identification of HFE requirements in each of these areas, determinations were made of the degree to which available HFE technologies were appropriate to satisfy the requirements. HFE technologies consisted of HFE principles, data, methods and techniques which have been reported in the HFE literature. These technology assessments represented the best estimates of the research team concerning the applicability of available technologies for specific HFE requirements.

Human Factors for Naval Systems: Enhanced Hardman

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 (16) ◽  
pp. 1100-1103
Author(s):  
Thomas B. Malone ◽  
Clifford C. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Life Support ◽  
System Development ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Weapon System ◽  
Acquisition Process ◽  
System Acquisition ◽  
Support Engineering ◽  
And Training ◽  
The U.S

The U.S. Navy is developing methods for integrating the disciplines concerned with personnel considerations into the weapon system acquisition process. This integration essentially involves human factors engineering, manpower, personnel and training, and life support engineering. Since the Navy already has the HARDMAN methodology in place to ensure that manpower, personnel and training concerns are addressed early in system development, the process of integration of personnel issues will involve expanding the HARDMAN methods and data to include human factors engineering and life support engineering, resulting in the Enhanced HARDMAN process. This paper describes the objectives of Enhanced HARDMAN.

Integrated Human Factors in the Naval Sea Systems Command

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (16) ◽  
pp. 1039-1043
Author(s):  
Thomas B. Malone
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Ship Design ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Weapon Systems ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Status

The Navy ship constitutes one of the most complex weapon systems in the US defense arsenal. It is a multi-personnel system which conducts multi-operations in multi-warfare environments (AAW, ASW, ASUW, EW and strike), as an independent combatant, a member of a squadron, or an element of a battle force. The demands on the ship design from a human factors point of view are unique in the breadth of their scope and the depth of requirements. This paper describes the status of the Integrated Human Factors Program in the Naval Sea Systems Command including the Program objectives, accomplishments, research thrusts, and plans.

Contracting for User Interface Design in Military Systems

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 593-593
Author(s):  
Jane N. Mosier ◽  
Mildred D. Jarvis ◽  
Donald L. Monk ◽  
Larry H. O'Brien ◽  
Robert Simon
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
User Interface Design ◽  
Computer Hardware ◽  
Design Issues ◽  
Acquisition Process ◽  
Military Systems ◽  
The Government

Many of the systems the Government acquires contain a large amount of software. Some are limited almost exclusively to off-the-shelf computer hardware, and software that is developed by a contractor. But human factors in military systems is regulated by documented standards and procedures that were developed before software gained an important role in military systems, and so do not deal with issues specific to user interface design. The purpose of this panel is to discuss user interface design issues and to propose changes to the acquisition process to improve user interface design for military systems.

Human Factors Engineering Test and Evaluation Technology

1974 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward L. Holshouser
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Weapon Systems ◽  
Evolving Systems ◽  
Test And Evaluation ◽  
Feedback Network ◽  
Operational Tests ◽  
Naval Air Systems Command ◽  
System Acquisition

Department of Defense (DOD) Directive 5000.1 of 13 July 1971 provides direction for Test and Evaluation (T&E) of major weapon systems. In addition, there are Navy unique T&E requirements which must be satisfied. A Human Factors Engineering (HFE) test and evaluation concept has been proposed for implementation by the Naval Air Systems Command. The proposed T&E concept will make explicit the interface among the test and evaluation activities so that the role of HFE can be realistically implemented and managed during system acquisition. The HFE T&E concept will specifically address the developmental and operational tests designed to provide HFE data for answering the Defense System Acquisition Review Council (DSARC) milestones for evolving systems. The concept also features a HFE information system which will serve as a focal point and feedback network for use by personnel needing information or data on some element in the evaluation of a particular weapon system.

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