Cognitive appraisals and emotions predict cortisol and immune responses: A meta-analysis of acute laboratory social stressors and emotion inductions

Aedes aegypti, the mosquito that transmits arboviral diseases such as dengue (DENV), chikungunya (CHIKV), and Zika viruses (ZIKV), is present in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Individuals at risk of mosquito-borne disease (MBD) in the urban tropics face daily challenges linked to their socio-environment conditions, such as poor infrastructure, poverty, crowding, and limited access to adequate healthcare. These daily demands induce chronic stress events and dysregulated immune responses. We sought to investigate the role of socio-ecologic risk factors in distress symptoms and their impact on biological responses to MBD in Machala, Ecuador. Between 2017 and 2019, individuals (≥ 18 years) with suspected arbovirus illness (DENV, ZIKV, and CHIKV) from sentinel clinics were enrolled (index cases, N = 28). Cluster investigations of the index case households and people from four houses within a 200-m radius of index home (associate cases, N = 144) were conducted (total N = 172). Hair samples were collected to measure hair cortisol concentration (HCC) as a stress biomarker. Blood samples were collected to measure serum cytokines concentrations of IL-10, IL-8, TNF-α, and TGF-β. Univariate analyses were used to determine the association of socio-health metrics related to perceived stress scores (PSS), HCC, and immune responses. We found that housing conditions influence PSS and HCC levels in individuals at risk of MBD. Inflammatory cytokine distribution was associated with the restorative phase of immune responses in individuals with low-moderate HCC. These data suggest that cortisol may dampen pro-inflammatory responses and influence activation of the restorative phase of immune responses to arboviral infections.

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Assessment of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to pertussis vaccination: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028109 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. e028109 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Funbi Akinola ◽

Rudzani Muloiwa ◽

Gregory, D Hussey ◽

Violette Dirix ◽

Benjamin Kagina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Immune Response ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Public Space ◽

Systematic Reviews ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Population Type

IntroductionGlobally, some studies show a resurgence of pertussis. The risks and benefits of using whole-cell pertussis (wP) or acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines in the control of the disease have been widely debated. Better control of pertussis will require improved understanding of the immune response to pertussis vaccines. Improved understanding and assessment of the immunity induced by pertussis vaccines is thus imperative. Several studies have documented different immunological outcomes to pertussis vaccination from an array of assays. We propose to conduct a systematic review of the different immunological assays and outcomes used in the assessment of the humoraland cell-mediated immune response following pertussis vaccination.Methods and analysisThe primary outcomes for consideration are quality and quantity of immune responses (humoral and cell-mediated) post-pertussis vaccination. Of interest as secondary outcomes are types of immunoassays used in assessing immune responses post-pertussis vaccination, types of biological samples used in assessing immune responses post-pertussis vaccination, as well as the types of antigens used to stimulate these samples during post-pertussis vaccination immune response assessments. Different electronic databases (including PubMed, Cochrane, EBSCO Host, Scopus and Web of Science) will be accessed for peer-reviewed published and grey literature evaluating immune responses to pertussis vaccines between 1990 and 2019. The quality of included articles will be assessed using standardised risk and quality assessment tools specific to the study design used in each article. Data extraction will be done using a data extraction form. The extracted data will be analysed using STATA V.14.0 and RevMan V.5.3 software. A subgroup analysis will be conducted based on the study population, type of vaccine (wP or aP) and type of immune response (cell-mediated or humoral). Guidelines for reporting systematic reviews in the revised 2009 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement will be used in this study.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required for this study as it is a systematic review. We will only make use of data already available in the public space. Findings will be reported via publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific meetings and workshops.Trial registration numberCRD42018102455.

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Circulating Levels of Osteopontin in Patients With Psoriasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis ◽

10.1177/2475530318806257 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 15-21

Author(s):

Aikaterini Kyriakou ◽

Aikaterini Patsatsi ◽

Nikiforos Galanis ◽

Dimitrios G. Goulis

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cell Lineage ◽

Severity Index ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Study Quality ◽

Psoriasis Area Severity Index ◽

Pubmed Central ◽

Meta Regression Analysis ◽

Circulating Levels

Background: Both Th1 and Th17 have been proposed to be pathogenically essential in psoriasis. Osteopontin (OPN) is known to enhance Th1 responses, inhibit Th2 ones, and take part in the modulation of Th17 cell lineage. Due to its impact on Th1/Th17 immune responses, several reports have suggested that OPN may be of pathogenic importance in psoriasis. Our objective was to review the literature for studies that have assessed the circulating levels of OPN in psoriatic cases and controls and to meta-analyze the evidence obtainable. Methods: Search was performed in PubMed, Central, and Embase. Eligible were studies that have assessed OPN concentrations in patients with psoriasis and a group of reference. Results: Patients with psoriasis had increased OPN concentrations compared with controls (random-effects model, standardized mean difference: 1.58 ng/mL, 95% confidence interval: 0.90-2.26; P < .0001]). Heterogeneity among studies was high ( I2: 92.2%; P < .0001). The meta-regression analysis showed that the study quality (RTI score) reduced heterogeneity ( I2: 85.2%; P < .005), but not age, body mass index (BMI), Psoriasis Area Severity Index, or matching for BMI. Conclusions: This meta-analysis provided evidence that OPN is involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, enlarging the list of cytokines able to stimulate the inflammatory response in this disease.

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Long-term Immune Responses to Vaccination in HIV-Infected Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Clinical Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/cid/cit937 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 58 (8) ◽

pp. 1130-1139 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

S. Kerneis ◽

O. Launay ◽

C. Turbelin ◽

F. Batteux ◽

T. Hanslik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Meta Analysis

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Twenty-five years later: How consistent are studies using the Trier Social Stress Test protocol - A Systematic Review of its methodology

10.31234/osf.io/9wtre ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nicolás Francisco Narvaez Linares ◽

Valérie Charron ◽

Allison Ouimet ◽

Patrick R. Labelle ◽

Hélène Plamondon

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Social Stress ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Stress Test ◽

Trier Social Stress Test ◽

Test Protocol ◽

Arithmetic Task ◽

Social Stressors ◽

Testing Procedures ◽

Related Data

Since its development in 1993, the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) has been used widely as a psychosocial stress paradigm to activate the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) stress systems, stimulating physiological functions (e.g. heart rate) and cortisol secretion. Several methodological variations introduced over the years have led the scientific community to question replication between studies. In this systematic review, we used the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) to synthesize procedure-related data available about the TSST protocol to highlight commonalities and differences across studies. We noted significant discrepancies across studies in how researchers applied the TSST protocol. In particular, we highlight variations in testing procedures (e.g., number of judges, initial number in the arithmetic task, time of the collected saliva samples for cortisol) and discuss possible misinterpretation in comparing findings from studies failing to control for variables or using a modified version from the original protocol. Further, we recommend that researchers use a standardized background questionnaire when using the TSST to identify factors that may influence physiological measurements in tandem with a summary of this review as a protocol guide. More systematic implementation and detailed reporting of TSST methodology will promote study replication, optimize comparison of findings, and foster an informed understanding of factors affecting responses to social stressors in healthy people and those with pathological conditions. Keywords: Trier Social Stress Test, Stress paradigm, Protocol, Systematic Review, Standardization

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CD46 Genetic Variability and HIV-1 Infection Susceptibility

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10113094 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 3094

Author(s):

Carmen Serrano-Risquez ◽

Mohamed Omar ◽

María Amparo Gomez-Vidal ◽

Luis Miguel Real ◽

Juan Antonio Pineda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

European Ancestry ◽

Intravenous Drug Use ◽

Complement Protein ◽

Adaptive Immune ◽

Infection Susceptibility ◽

Allele Specific ◽

Splicing Isoforms ◽

Hiv 1

CD46 is the main receptor for complement protein C3 and plays an important role in adaptive immune responses. CD46 genetic variants are associated with susceptibility to several infectious and autoimmune diseases. Additionally, CD46 function can be subverted by HIV-1 to evade attack by complement, a strategy shared by viruses of other families. We sought to determine the association between CD46 gene variants and HIV-1 acquired through intravenous drug use (IDU) and sexual routes (n = 823). Study subjects were of European ancestry and were HIV-1 infected (n = 438) or exposed but seronegative (n = 387). Genotyping of the rs2796265 SNP located in the CD46 gene region was done by allele-specific real-time PCR. A meta-analysis merging IDU and sexual cohorts indicates that the minor genotype (CC) was associated with increased resistance to HIV-1 infection OR= 0.2, 95% CI (0.07–0.61), p = 0.004. The HIV-1-protective genotype is correlated with reduced CD46 expression and alterations in the ratio of CD46 mRNA splicing isoforms.

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Meta-analysis of COVID-19 single-cell studies confirms eight key immune responses

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-00121-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Manik Garg ◽

Xu Li ◽

Pablo Moreno ◽

Irene Papatheodorou ◽

Yuelong Shu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Single Cell ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Small Sample ◽

Signal Pathways ◽

Type I ◽

Multiple Datasets ◽

Cell Clones ◽

Small Sample Sizes ◽

Cell Clonal Expansion

AbstractSeveral single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) studies analyzing immune response to COVID-19 infection have been recently published. Most of these studies have small sample sizes, which limits the conclusions that can be made with high confidence. By re-analyzing these data in a standardized manner, we validated 8 of the 20 published results across multiple datasets. In particular, we found a consistent decrease in T-cells with increasing COVID-19 infection severity, upregulation of type I Interferon signal pathways, presence of expanded B-cell clones in COVID-19 patients but no consistent trend in T-cell clonal expansion. Overall, our results show that the conclusions drawn from scRNA-seq data analysis of small cohorts of COVID-19 patients need to be treated with some caution.

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