Women's Gender Role Norm Conformity and the Vocational Development Process

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Vocational Development ◽  
Role Norm

scholarly journals Pengaruh Ideologi Maskulin Terhadap Konflik Peran Gender Pada Laki-Laki Suku Batak Karo

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Karina Meriem Beru Brahmana
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Role Conflict ◽  
Gender Role Conflict ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Male Role ◽  
Masculine Ideology ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Role Norm ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Age Range

The purpose of this study is to measure the influence of masculine ideology on gender role conflict experienced by Karo men. The sample of this research is Karo male with 296 people with age range between 17 - 73 years and the average age is around 41.9 years. The scales used are The Male Role Norm Scale from Thompson & Pleck (1986) and The Gender Role Conflict Scale from O'Neil et al (1986). Regression test results showed that R = 0.469 and R2 = 0.220. This shows that the influence of masculine ideology on gender role conflict is 22% while the rest is influenced by other variables. This research is considered very important because the amount of research on gender role conflict in men is still limited in Indonesia but have a lot of negative impacts. Moreover, in general the tribes in Indonesia are dominated by patrilineal culture.

scholarly journals GENDER ROLE NORM CONFORMITY AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF SEXUAL VICTIMIZATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joke Depraetere ◽  
Ines Keygnaert ◽  
Christophe Vandeviver
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Sexual Victimization ◽  
Rape Myth Acceptance ◽  
Rape Myth ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Role Norm ◽  
Role Norms ◽  
Myth Acceptance

Background. The possibility of men being perceived as sexual violence victims is constrained by stereotypical masculine gender norms, describing men as dominant and sexual opportunists, and by rape myths. These stereotypical views suggest that men cannot suffer adverse psychological consequences from sexual victimization and are less affected by it compared to women. Nevertheless, research demonstrates that men suffer psychologically from sexual victimization similar to women, and that their victimization might be associated with poorer psychological health outcomes compared to women. Additionally, scholars have argued that stereotypical gender roles and rape myths may worsen the adverse outcomes of sexual victimization. Yet, thus far, empirical research to test these hypotheses was lacking.Method. We examined the psychological consequences of sexual victimization among 696 male (n = 135) and female (n = 561) college students who self-identified as victims of sexual violence. We examined the effect of gender role norm endorsement and rape myth acceptance on the severity of self-reported psychological consequences of sexual victimization. Results. Results showed that, overall, female victims disclose psychological consequences to a greater extent than male victims. Our findings confirmed that higher endorsement of both masculine and feminine gender role norms increase the severity of psychological consequences among both men and women. Rape myth acceptance only influenced the severity of the consequences for female victims but in the opposite direction than hypothesized. Nonetheless, the odds ratio suggest that the influence of rape myth acceptance is negligible. Conclusion. With this study we point out the problematic influence gender role norms have on victims of sexual violence, particularly male victims, and the consequences they may suffer. We argue for a deconstruction of stereotypical masculine role norms in order for men to accept their victimization and talk about their experiences with others.

scholarly journals Gender Role Norm Conformity and Sexual Assault Risk among Male and Female University Students

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Joke Depraetere ◽  
Christophe Vandeviver ◽  
Ines Keygnaert ◽  
Tom Vander Beken
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
University Students ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Role Norm

Vocational Development Process

1963 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Garry R. Walz
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Vocational Development

Gender-role orientation and social expectations regarding female adolescents' coping with developmental tasks 1The preparation of this article was facilitated by a grant from the Swiss National Foundation for young researchers, financed by the local research committee of the University of Fribourg to the first author during her stay at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA. We are grateful to Susan B. Cleary for editing the English version of this article.

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regula P. Berger ◽  
Alexander Grob ◽  
August Flammer
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Developmental Tasks ◽  
Developmental Task ◽  
Gender Role Orientation ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
National Foundation ◽  
Normative Expectations ◽  
The University

This study focuses on the importance of social developmental expectations, assessed as emotional and cognitive evaluations regarding the timing and the gender-role conformity of normative developmental tasks. Two central questions were raised. First, to what degree do the timing and the gender-role conformity affect the adults' expectations? Second, how much does the adults' own gender-role orientation (GRO), classified as traditional vs. liberal, affect their expectations? A 4 (timing modus) × 2 (developmental task) × 2 (gender-role conformity)-factorial design was administered to a sample of 140 adults of both sexes, 20 to 81 years old. Coping in time and with gender-role typical career received the most approval. Typical developmental tasks were more approved by persons with a traditional than with a liberal GRO. However, the evaluation of non-typical developmental tasks was not affected by the GRO. The possibility of a shift in normative expectations toward more liberal, diverse, and self-defined female gender-roles is discussed.

The Relationship of Digit Ratio (2D:4D) and Gender-Role Orientation in Four National Samples

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan J. Troche ◽  
Nina Weber ◽  
Karina Hennigs ◽  
Carl-René Andresen ◽  
Thomas H. Rammsayer
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Gender Role Orientation ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Fourth Finger ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The ratio of second to fourth finger length (2D:4D ratio) is sexually dimorphic with women having higher 2D:4D ratio than men. Recent studies on the relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation yielded rather inconsistent results. The present study examines the moderating influence of nationality on the relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation, as assessed with the Bem Sex-Role Inventory, as a possible explanation for these inconsistencies. Participants were 176 female and 171 male university students from Germany, Italy, Spain, and Sweden ranging in age from 19 to 32 years. Left-hand 2D:4D ratio was significantly lower in men than in women across all nationalities. Right-hand 2D:4D ratio differed only between Swedish males and females indicating that nationality might effectively moderate the sexual dimorphism of 2D:4D ratio. In none of the examined nationalities was a reliable relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation obtained. Thus, the assumption of nationality-related between-population differences does not seem to account for the inconsistent results on the relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation.

Accentuating Your Masculine Side

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chongzeng Bi ◽  
Oscar Ybarra ◽  
Yufang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Agency And Communion

Recent research investigating self-judgment has shown that people are more likely to base their evaluations of self on agency-related traits than communion-related traits. In the present research, we tested the hypothesis that agency-related traits dominate self-evaluation by expanding the purview of the fundamental dimensions to consider characteristics typically studied in the gender-role literature, but that nevertheless should be related to agency and communion. Further, we carried out these tests on two samples from China, a cultural context that, relative to many Western countries, emphasizes the interpersonal or communion dimension. Despite the differences in traits used and cultural samples studied, the findings generally supported the agency dominates self-esteem perspective, albeit with some additional findings in Study 2. The findings are discussed with regard to the influence of social norms and the types of inferences people are able to draw about themselves given such norms.

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