Organization of Problem Solving: Choice of Subgoals Based on Results of Search for Information

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. Greeno
1976 ◽  
Vol 159 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-61
Author(s):  
Jonathan Clark ◽  
Pierre Johannet

The individual employs two basic sources for perception: direct experience and the interpretations of the culture. Natural processes can lead individuals who seek to resolve problems together to excessive reliance on socialized perceptions while overlooking valuable direct experience. As the partners establish assumptions, they may prematurely cease the search for information which could lead to a new perspective on the problem. A cycle is mobilized in which information generated by direct encounter fails to check powerful assumptions. The authors offer an observational model through which partners share both their experiences and their interpretations of these experiences. The model is designed to reduce the power of assumptions and to restore the influence of direct experience in problem resolution.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-126
Author(s):  
Ellen Tamaela

This research is a classroom action research that aims to see whether there is an influence on the application of problem solving learning models in an effort to improve PAK learning achievement. The subjects in this study were selected from students of class VIII-2 SMPN 9 Sorong City in the 2018/2019 academic year with a total of 25 students. The research procedure is a series of stages of research from beginning to end. This CAR procedure consists of 2 cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages as follows: 1) planning; 2) implementing actions; 3) observation and evaluation of actions; and 4) reflection of actions. Research data were collected using interviews, observations, and tests. The data of this study were analyzed using data analysis techniques as follows; (1) Comparative analysis is done by comparing the results obtained in the first cycle with the second cycle and; (2) Qualitative Analysis in the form of field notes which are presented in detail and in full throughout the research process. This research is said to be successful if in learning students get a minimum of 75% of the number of students already active in the learning process and a minimum of 75% student achievement increases. The results of the study show that: (1) based on the results of research observations, it can be concluded that the application of the problem solving learning model can increase student activity during learning. This is indicated by a change in students' attitudes in learning, including the interaction and cooperation between students the better, the more students have the courage to express ideas and opinions in front of the class. The center of learning is no longer on the teacher. Students are required to actively search for information and must be able to exchange ideas; (2) based on data in the form of pre-observation values ??and after research, it can be concluded that the application of problem solving learning models can improve student learning achievement.


2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Argelagós ◽  
Manoli Pifarré

<p>Internet has become one of the most important information sources for students’ personal and academic life. In addition, the World Wide Web is receiving increased attention in education because of its potential to support new forms of learning. However, using the information from the net for learning requires the development of a set of abilities such as searching and tackling information from the Internet to find solutions of a problem—this set of abilities is called Information-Problem Solving (IPS) skills. The main objectives of this study are the following three: first, to provide a detailed description about how secondary students solve an IPS task; second, to identify key IPS skills, sub-skills, and regulation activities that have more incidence upon students’ success to solve a problem using digital information on the Web; and third, to use this information to draw educative guidelines to design web-based instructional process and foster IPS in secondary classrooms. In-depth analyses of quantitative and qualitative data of a multi-case study allowed us to identify distinctive patterns and sequences of IPS skills used by students to solve a task. Furthermore, IPS skills (defining the problem and search for information), sub-skills (specifying search terms and selecting results from a SERP), and regulation activities (orientation on the task, monitoring, and testing) were identified as key skills which have more incidence in students to solve successfully IPS tasks to learn curricular contents at school.</p>


2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 373-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estefanía Hernández-Fernaud ◽  
Bernardo Hernández ◽  
Cristina Ruiz ◽  
Antonia Ruiz

The aim of this work was to develop an instrument (Coping Strategies for Skin Problems Questionnaire) suitable for identifying the coping strategies people use for general skin problems. We analyzed its psychometric properties when applied to a sample of 299 individuals. Factor analysis shows a 6-factor structure referring to the wish to change, problem-solving strategies, the search for information and asking for social support, the ability to distance oneself from the problem and to see the positive aspects of the situation. These factors explain 60.77% of the variance and show an internal consistency higher than 0.67. We analyse the validity of the questionnaire and identify different coping profiles depending on the degree of skin damage as assessed by the participants and their search for health services. According to the psychometric properties obtained, we conclude that our instrument is valid and reliable for use with people presenting skin problems.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
Emilia Emilia ◽  
Wasitohadi Wasitohadi ◽  
Theresia Sri Rahayu

AbstractMathematics learning is learning that is considered difficult and less enjoyable for students. Efforts to improve Mathematics learning outcomes in class V students in Sd Negeri Ledok 05 Salatiga using the Problem Solving learning method. Problem Solving (Problem Solving) is a learning method that includes the ability to search for information, analyze situations, and identify problems with the aim of producing an invention so that it can take an action to reach the goal. The research conducted is classroom action research that aims to improve student learning outcomes specifically in learning Mathematics, by preparing a plan, action, observation, and reflection The results of the research conducted shows an increase in student learning outcomes in Ledok 05 Sd Negeri Salatiga . This is shown in the percentage of student learning outcomes in cycle 1 shows 32%, in the second cycle 41% this increase has a positive impact on a student's learning outcomes in Mathematics learning. So from that it can be concluded that learning using the Problem Solving model can improve learning outcomes of students in class V of SD Negeri Ledok 05 SalatigaKeywords: Learning Outcomes, Problem Solving Method, Increase


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babatunde Okunoye

Search engines have become essential tools of information seeking. This has facilitated their use as important educational tools. The search for information has moved in recent years from paper-based sources to electronic sources, particularly online sources. Search engines are for millions around the world, the first page they encounter online and first choice in seeking information about what we seek to know and what we seek to learn to do. This study tracks the volume of searches on the search phrases “how to” (revealing what we seek to learn to do) and “what is” (revealing what we seek to know) globally between the years 2004-2020 using Google Trends. Both search phrases are typically used in search terms people use to ask questions online and represent some of the most common search phrases online. For example, it had been estimated that search engine queries with the phrase “How to” represented about 3% of all queries in the United States – the most searched phrase. Both search phrases represent different mindsets. ‘’How to’’ queries might point to an inclination towards problem solving, while ‘’what is’’ queries suggest an inclination to acquire basic facts. This study reveals that across the world, people searched very much the same way with greater search volumes for ‘’how to’’ searches relative to ‘’what is’’ queries, or in very few cases equal search volumes for the two search terms. Ethiopia, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Somalia and South Sudan were exceptions, reporting greater ‘’what is’’ searches relative to ‘’how to’’ searches. This study investigates if this deviation from the global trend of greater search interest in ‘’how to’’ problem solving queries in these countries has roots in the educational cultures or psychology in these nations, or if this observed trend is just statistical noise


1991 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 327-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
GT Chiodo ◽  
WW Bullock ◽  
HR Creamer ◽  
DI Rosenstein
Keyword(s):  

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