Relationships Among Self-Objectification, Traditional Gender Role Adherence, and Women's Body Dissatisfaction

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Lehman
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Traditional Gender Role ◽  
Self Objectification

Judgments of Sexism: A Comparison of the Subtlety of Sexism Measures and Sources of Variability in Judgments of Sexism

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet K. Swim ◽  
Robyn Mallett ◽  
Yvonne Russo-Devosa ◽  
Charles Stangor
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Traditional Gender Role ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Unwanted Sexual Attention ◽  
Scale Usage ◽  
Sexist Beliefs ◽  
Role Behaviors

We compared the subtlety of four measures of sexism and sources of variation in male and female psychology students' judgments that beliefs from these scales and everyday behaviors were sexist. Participants judged traditional gender role and hostile sexist beliefs as more sexist than benevolent and modern sexist beliefs, indicating the latter were more subtle measures of sexism. Participants also judged traditional gender role behaviors as more sexist than unwanted sexual attention, suggesting the latter may less readily be identified as sexist. Variation in judgments of beliefs as sexist was related to differences in likelihood of endorsing such beliefs. This relation fully accounted for the tendency for men to be less likely to judge beliefs as sexist in comparison to women. Endorsement of Modern and Hostile Sexist beliefs was related to judgments of behaviors as sexist. The implications of the results for scale usage and identifying sexist behavior are discussed.

scholarly journals FORM OF STANDARDIZATION AND STEREOTYPING PRACTICES THROUGH MESSAGE OF VIDEO ADS BUAVITA

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-125
Author(s):  
Asnurul Novia Narendra ◽  
Sri Kusuma Habsari ◽  
Deny Tri Ardianto
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Video Presentation ◽  
Traditional Gender Role ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This research focuses on the symbols contained in the four Buavita video ads, namely Buavita Mix Berries, Buavita Kelapa, Buavita Mangga, and Buavita Jambu. These ad videos seem to be able to segment the community into a type of society. The research aims to prove the existence of certain symbols in the Buavita advertisement video as a practice of hegemony and perpetuating gender inequality. This research uses descriptive qualitative method with four theories of cultural studies as the theoretical basis. The results showed that Buavita's ad-style healthy lifestyle became a trick of capitalism in inviting people to consume symbols and make profits. The video presentation of Buavita's advertisement is also a medium for the perpetuation of the concept of the traditional gender role that positions women as domestic agents, passive and consumptive, while men as non-domestic, active, and productive agents. 

Gender-Related Ideological and Structural Macrosocial Factors Associated With Intimate Partner Violence Against European Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Ludmila Zapata-Calvente ◽  
Jesús L. Megías ◽  
Miguel Moya ◽  
Dominik Schoebi
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Gender Role Beliefs ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Traditional Gender Role

Intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) is investigated mostly at the individual level, which ignores the role of macrosocial variables and possible interactions between them. We explored how two ideological gender-related macrosocial factors (traditional gender role beliefs and attitudes toward gender equality) and one structural gender-related macrosocial factor (the economic Gender Equality Index) are associated with physical, psychological, and sexual IPVAW in Europe. We examined their interactions with individual-level factors in predicting IPVAW. Secondary analysis ( N = 30,284 heterosexual women) of the 2015 European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights’ Violence Against Women survey revealed that 26.1% of women in Europe reported at least one act of physical, psychological, or sexual violence. Generalized linear mixed models analysis revealed that individual-level factors (women’s education, childhood victimization, equal say about income, partner’s alcohol consumption, and an aggressive partner) were associated with IPVAW. Adding the Eurobarometer of Gender Equality ( N = 28 countries) and the Gender Equality Index ( N = 28 countries), attitudes more favorable to gender equality were related to lower rates of psychological victimization; more traditional gender role beliefs predicted higher rates of sexual victimization. Ideological gender-related macrofactors played an important role in cross-level interactions with individual-level factors. To reduce the rates of IPVAW victimization, clinicians, educators, and policy makers need to focus on individual predictors and macrofactors to promote societal attitudes toward equality and change traditional gender role socialization. Additional online materials for this article are available on PWQ’s website at http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684319839367

scholarly journals The Upshot on Princess Merida in Disney/Pixar’s Brave: Why the Tomboy Trajectory Is Off Target

Humanities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Lauren Dundes
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Hegemonic Masculinity ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Traditional Gender Role ◽  
Gender And Power

Princess Merida, the “tomboy” princess in Disney/Pixar’s Brave, won praise for escaping the strictures of femininity and maternal demands for feminine propriety. In addition to her overt defiance of gender roles and demand for agency, Merida also enacts hegemonic masculinity by mocking her suitors during an archery contest in which she is the prize. The ridicule is the prelude to her dramatic, winning bullseye that feminizes the men, in a scene rich in symbolism about gender and power. In enacting the final phase of the tomboy paradigm, however, Merida reverses her trajectory as her rebellion against femininity ebbs. She then resolves conflict by displaying vulnerability rather than performing brave deeds. This marked shift to a more traditional gender role raises questions about her stature as a model of autonomy able to withstand the pressure to conform.

When Mom Earns More Than Dad: The Parenting Experience in Light of New Earning Patterns

2020 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2094038
Author(s):  
Liat Kulik ◽  
Dan Ramon
Keyword(s):  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Gender Role Attitudes ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Cognitive Aspect ◽  
Traditional Gender Role ◽  
Emotional Aspect ◽  
The Relationship

The study examined the relationship between a mother’s earning advantage over her husband, and three aspects of the parenting experience: the cognitive aspect (examined through the concept of parental self-efficacy), the emotional aspect (examined through the quality of the relationship with the children), and the behavioral aspect (examined through parental involvement in childcare). The sample included 246 Israeli Jewish participants who were not married to one another and do not share a household (85 fathers and 161 mothers). Fathers with traditional gender role attitudes whose income is lower than that of the mothers scored lower than other participants on paternal self-efficacy, and experienced less closeness and lower satisfaction in their relationship with their children, regardless of gender. The findings indicate that fathers who hold traditional gender role attitudes and do not serve as main providers constitute a particularly vulnerable group in terms of the parenting experience.

scholarly journals Is Low Power Associated With Submission During Marital Conflict? Moderating Roles of Gender and Traditional Gender Role Beliefs

2020 ◽  
pp. 194855062090460
Author(s):  
Paula R. Pietromonaco ◽  
Nickola C. Overall ◽  
Lindsey A. Beck ◽  
Sally I. Powers
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Marital Conflict ◽  
Marital Adjustment ◽  
Gender Role Beliefs ◽  
Marital Interactions ◽  
Lower Power ◽  
Traditional Gender Role ◽  
Over Time

Lower power during marital interactions predicts greater aggression by men, but no research has identified women’s response to lower power. We tested whether women who experienced lower situational power during conflict exhibited greater submission, especially if they held traditional gender role beliefs and thus accepted structural gender differences in power. Newlywed couples (Time 1, N = 204 couples) completed questionnaires and discussed an area of conflict 3 times over 3 years. Individuals who perceived lower power during couples’ discussions evidenced greater submission, but this effect was more pronounced for wives, especially wives who held traditional gender role beliefs. Among those with traditional gender role beliefs, greater submission together with lower power predicted lower marital adjustment over time. These results highlight that the low power–submission link, and associated implications for marital adjustment, need to be evaluated in the context of power-relevant situations, gender, and broader power-related beliefs about gender roles.

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